The Eye a n p mofo

Ophthalmologist

A physysicain who specializes in treatment of the eye.

Conjunctiva

A thin membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and covers the visible portion of the white of the eye.

Fovea Centrails

A tiny depression area near the optic nerve where cones are localized allowing for the sharpest point of vision

Optic Disk

Blind spot of the retina in which no image can form

Nasolacrimal Duct

Duct near the eyes nasal corner where tears drain into.

Conjuctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Cornea

Is an anterior continuation of the sclera, but is transparent and colorless whereas the rest of the sclera is opaque and white.

Rods and Cones

Light sensitive cells which generate the nerve impulses associated with vision

Lacrimal Glands

Lubricates the and contains enzymes that protect against infection.

Myopia

Nearsightedness in whitch the eyeball is too long or the cornea bends the light rays too sharply so the the focal point is in front of the retina.

Suspensory Muscle

Projects from the ciliary muscle to the edge of the lens around its entire circumference.

Pupil

The Iris's central opening.

Refraction

The bening of light rays as they pass from one substance to another substance of different density.

Accomidation

The ciliary muscle controls the lens shape to allow for vision at near and far distances.

Retina

The innermost tunic and the eyes actual receptor layer

Intrinsic Muscles

The involuntary muscles located within the eyeball.

Convergence

The muscles pull on the eyeball in a coordinated fashion so that both eyes center on one visuaol field.

Sclera

The outermost tunic is made of tough connective tissue and is commonly referred to as the white of the eye.

Choroid

The second tunic of the eye that is composed of a delicate network of connective tissue interlaced with many blood vessels.

Extrinsic Muscles

The voluntary muscles attatched to teh eyeballs outer surface.

Aqueous Humor

a watery fluid that fills much of the eyeball anterior to the lens, helps maintainthe corneas slight forward curve.

Ophthalmia Neonatorum

an acute eye infectionof the newborn caused by organisms acquired during passage through the birth canal.

Ophalthmic Branch of the Trigeminal Nerve

carries impulses of pain, touch, and temperature from the eye and surrounding parts to the brain.

Optic Nerve

carries visual impulses from the retinal rods and cones to the brain.

Cones

cone-shaped cells within the retina that are color sensitive and respond to bright light

Trachoma

in underdeveloped contries where eye infection occurs in chronic form

Lens

is a clear circular stucture made of firm elastic material. Adjusts for near and far vision.

Glaucoma

is a condition characterized by excess pressure of the aqueous humor

Strabismus

is a deviation of the eye that results from lack of eyeball muscle coordination.

Viterous Body

is a soft jelly like substance that fills the entire space posterior to the lens. Imoprtant in maintaing the shape of the eyeball as well as aids in refraction.

Inclusion Conjunctivitis

is an acute eye infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis

Cataract

is an opacity of the lens or the lens' outer covering

Macular Degeneration

is another leading cause of blindness. Referrs to the macula lutea, changes in this area distort the center of visual field

Astigmatism

is caused by irregularity in the curvature of the cornea of the lens.

Ciliary Muscle

is shaped somewhat like a flatened ring with a central hole the size of the iris's outer edge.

Amblyopia

loss of vision in a healthy eye beacause it cannot work properly with the other eye

Ophthalmoscope

medical instrument for examining the retina of the eye

Hyeropia

or farsightedness usually results from an abnormally short eyeball. the focal point is behind the retina

Rods

rod-shaped cells within the retina that respond to dim light

Divergent Strabismus

the affected eye deviates laterally

Iris

the colored part of the eye comprised of two sets of muscle fibers that governs the size of the iris's central opening

Convergent Strabismus

the eye deviates toward the nasal side or medially

Macula Lutea

the fovea in contained within a yellowish spot. An area that may show degeneration.

Diabetic Retinopathy

the retina is damaged by blood vessel hemorrhages and growth of new vessels.

Retinal Detachment

the retina seperates from the underlying choroid layer as a result of trauma or an accumulation of fluid or tissue between the layers.

Darik Adaptation

time period in which your rods adjust to allow you to see in the dark.