The New Deal: First Hundred Days

Father Charles Coughlin

Catholic priest who used the radio to speak to millions of listeners during the depression years. Favored high taxes on the wealthy and strict action against banks and bug businesses

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps; provided jobs to young men 18-25 working on conservation projects

Social Security

Established a system that provided old age pensions for workers, survivors benefits for victims of industrial accidents, unemployment insurance, and aid for defendant mothers and children, and the physically disabled

"bank holiday"

FDR declared this by closing all of the nation's banks for eight days for inspection. FDR assured the American citizens that the banks that reopened were healthy and could be trusted with deposits

"the only thing we have to fear is fear itself"

FDR quote; fearing the Great Depression was only going to hurt the Americans

Hoover v. Roosevelt's view on "proper role of government"

Hoover was more government stay out of people's business and lets the citizens be held accountable for their own success while FDR wasn't heavy government involvement and to help the people as much as possible

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Public development of nations water resources: produced electricity and helped control floods

Huey P. Long

Senator from Louisiana, known as the Kingfish, favored redistribution of wealth and started thousands of "share our wealth clubs"

Impact of the new deal on American government

The new deal marked a significant shift in the relationship between government and American people. Never before had government assumed search of central role in the business and personal lives of its citizens.

lame duck

after the president in office losses the re-election, they are considered the "lame duck" because they really no long hold their presidency but remain in office until the inauguration

AAA

agricultural adjustment act; encouraged farmers to cut prices in exchange for a subsidy

20th Amendment

changed inauguration day to Jan. 20th

Francis Townsend

critic of FDR who believed that he was not doing enough to help the elderly; my ideas led to Social Security

Harry Hopkins

director of the WPA (works progress administration) "give a man a dole and you save his body and destory his spirit...give a man a job and you save his body and his spirit"

FDR

elected an unprecedented four terms as president

Fair Labor Standards Act

established a minimum wage and set appropriate hours for a work week

Eleanor Roosevelt

eyes, ears, and legs of FDR and was also his political partner that has changed the status of the first lady forever

Frances Perkins

first woman to hold a cabinet position as FDR's Secretary of Labor

Emergency banking relief act

gave federal government the power to reorganize and strengthen banks

unconstitutional

going against the constitution

Public Works

government funded building projects that helped put the unemployed to work

pension

government hand-outs; retirement $$$

subsidy

government payments

brain trust

group of advisors who helped FDR during the 1932 election campaign to develop his ideas for a New Deal for the American people

Dorothea Lange

hired by the Farm Security Administration (FSA) to raise public awareness of the plight of migrant workers and one of America's most famous Depression photographers

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

provided government insurance for depositors' savings

Works progress administration (WPA)

provided public works jobs on a wide range of projects for many Americans needing relief

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

regulated the stock market; increased government regulation on stocks

three main goals of the New Deal

relief, recovery, and reform (know examples and at least one organization that was an example of each)

deficit spending

spending money that you do not have

Redistribution of wealth

taking in money and dividing it up among the people

New Deal

the collection of proposals enacted under FDR to end the Great Depression and reform the nation's economy

Hundred Days

the first 100 days FDR was in office and the congress rubber stamped all of his New Deals

minimum wage

the least amount of $$$ a person can be paid per hour for doing a job

Fireside Chats

these were the radio addresses given by FDR to reassure and bring confidence to troubled Americans

incumbent

to be put into office again; FDR was the incumbet

conservation

to preserve and safe our natural resources

court-packing plan

was seen as a threat to the constitutional principal of the separation of powers; FDR wanted to put pro-New Deal justices on the court so his deals would get passed with ease