THEORY EXAM #1 Practice Questions to Work On

A nurse's friend states, "I admire you so much. I would love to be a nurse, but I don't think I have the courage." Which response will the nurse make?

"You can work on being more courageous as you learn to be a nurse." Courage is a virtue of nurses that can be learned or strengthened with work. Courage is a quality nurses should possess. Courage is not less important than being intelligent, compassionate, or humble.

Name the 6 ways to create INTENTIONAL TORT?

1. Assault 2. Battery 3. Defamation of Character 4. Invasion of Privacy (HIPAA) 5. False Imprisonment 6. Fraud

Name 2 UNINTENTIONAL TORTS ?

1. Negligence - failure to 2. Malpractice

The nurse has arranged to start an IV line for a client with pancreatitis. The nurse notes that the client appears anxious about the procedure. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse to decrease the client's anxiety? "I will start an IV, which should not take much time." "I will start an IV with the number 18 catheters." "I will start an IV that will add fluids directly to the blood stream." "I will start an IV, which should not cause you too much pain."

"I will start an IV that will add fluids directly to the blood stream."

What is altruism?

Altruism is the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.

The 4 focus areas of Healthy People 2020 are:

1. Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death. 2. Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups. 3. Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all. 4. Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.

Nurses are accountable for protecting the rights of clients. Name 5 of these rights.

1. Informed consent 2. Refusal of Treatment 3. Advanced Directives 4. Confidentiality 5. Information Security

Goals for Healthy People 2010 included: The four focus areas of Healthy People 2020 are:

Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups; Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all; and Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.

A nurse caring for patients with diabetes knows that this is a characteristic of a chronic illness:

Chronic illness is a broad term that encompasses many different physical and mental alterations in health, with one or more of the following characteristics: it is a permanent change; it causes, or is caused by, irreversible alterations in normal anatomy and physiology; it requires special patient education for rehabilitation; and it requires a long period of care or support.

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

The nurse is caring for a client who reports difficulty breathing. In what position would the nurse place this client?

Fowler's position People with dyspnea and orthopnea are most comfortable in a high Fowler's position because accessory muscles can easily be used to promote respiration. Prone position can be used on a routine basis to promote ventilation and perfusion of the posterior dependent sections of the lungs. Lateral and supine position would not be beneficial as accessory muscles are not supported as with a Fowler's position.

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

Health promotion The education on lifestyle choices is part of health promotion activity, which focuses on protecting the person's health. The goal of the prevention of illness is to detect and prevent the illness. High-level wellness focuses on maximizing the person's highest potential for functioning. Reversal of self-care deficits would involve therapeutic interventions that are directed at contributing factors.

In the delivery of care, the nurse acts in accordance with nursing standards and the code of ethics and reports a medication error that the nurse has made. The nurse is most clearly demonstrating which professional value?

Integrity The nurse is demonstrating integrity, which is defined as acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice. Seeking to remedy errors made by self or others is an ex. of integrity. Altruism is a concern for the welfare and being of others. Social justice is upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles. Human dignity is respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations.

The nurse beginning practice would like to access the standards for ethical practice. Which organization should the nurse research for these standards?

International Council of Nurses (ICN) The American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics for Nurses is the main source of the ethical principles that nurses must follow, and this is developed by the International Council of Nurses.

The nurse makes a contract with the client during which phase of the nurse-client relationship?

Orientation phase The orientation phase of the relationship represents the first phase of therapeutic work and involves signing of formal contracts. Formal contracts in this setting are a therapeutic tool to help a client develop more insight and control over the client's own behavior. The working phase is when the nurse assists clients in this process by helping them to describe and clarify their experiences, to plan courses of action and try out the plans, and to begin to evaluate the effectiveness of their new behavior. The termination phase is the final phase and the period when a client's goals are assessed and the relationship comes to an end. There is no intimate phase.

Goals for Healthy People 2010 included:

a. To increase quality and years of healthy life b. To eliminate health disparities

A client makes a decision to quit smoking and joins a smoking cessation class. This is an example of which of Dunn's processes that helps one know who and what one is?

Befitting Dunn defined processes that help one know who and what one is. These processes, which are a part of each individual's perception of his or her own wellness state, are being (recognizing self as separate and individual), belonging (being part of a whole), becoming (growing and developing), and befitting (making personal choices to befit the self for the future).

Difference between Crime and Torts?

Crime - punishable by state Tort - is subject to action by a civil court w/ damages usually being settled with money.

What are extended care services? What are HMO's? What are PPO's?

Extended care services meet the needs of clients who no longer require acute hospital care, including rehabilitation, skilled nursing care in a person's home or nursing home, and hospice for dying clients. HMOs (Health Maintenance Organizations) are corporations that provide health care for members in exchange for preset, fixed, or yearly fees. PPOs (Preferred Provider Organization) are agents for health insurance companies that control healthcare costs on the basis of competition.

While delivering patient care, the home healthcare nurse has the ability to see the whole picture and how various parts are related to the client's diagnosis and problems in the home environment. What skills does the nurse possess that allow her to see the connection of various parts of the situation?

System skills Systems skills are those that help a person see the whole picture and how various parts relate.

Which guideline should a nurse use when choosing a position (location) in relation to a client during a verbal interaction?

Take note of the client's cues when choosing a position and act on these cues. Preferences regarding space and territoriality vary greatly. A useful strategy to foster good communication is to note, and act on, client cues. While preferences are often culturally rooted, knowing a client's culture does not provide all the data a nurse needs in order to accommodate variables around positioning. Rigid parameters are likely to be simplistic, and explicitly asking the client may make him feel uncomfortable.

American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as?

The ANA defines nursing as: The protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; Prevention of illness and injury; Alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis & treatment of human response; Advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, & populations.

What is a dynamic balance among the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a person's life?

Wellness Health on the other hand is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Holism is care that addresses all dimensions of a persion, including mind, body, and spirit. Health promotion refers to interventions used to improve health or prevent illness.

The 7 rights of Medication Administration.

When preparing to give the medication: 1. Right Drug 2. Right Reason 3. Right dose, route and preparation Immediately before the administration of the medication: 4. Right patient 5. Route Time 6. Right Reason/Assessment Data 7. Right Route 8. Right Education After the Medication is administered: 9. Right Documentation 10. Right Response

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered:

self-concept A person's self-concept is influenced by having knowledge and the ability to care for oneself, recognizing one's strengths and limitations.