Thermal Energy

When is the freezing and boiling point for Fahrenheit scale? The Celsius scale? The Kelvin scale?

Fahrenheit freezes at 32, boils at 212 Celsius freezes at 0 and boils and 100 Kelvin freezes at 0 and boils and 100

What is heat? What does the rate of heating depends on? When does heat stop?

Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from warm to cold. The rate of heat depends on the temperature difference of 2 or more objects and it stops when all the particles are moving the same speed, in which the temperature will be the same.

Explain why the liquid rose in the hand boiler. Discuss the KE and PE of the particles. Why did it go up? Why did it go back down? What does density have to do with what happened?

PE and KE both went up, because the liquid is moving faster and spreading apart. So they need more space and went up the tube, it came down because they get cold and sink and contract.

Temperature

Temperature represents the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material.

Specific heat

The amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1°C

Define specific heat. What does it mean to have a high specific heat? What does it mean to have a low specific heat?

The amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of 1 kg of a material by 1°C. By a high specific heat means it takes more thermal energy to warm up 1kg of material by 1°C. Low specific heat is the opposite, which take less thermal energy.

What does absolute zero on the Kelvin scale represents?

The freezing point or melting point.

Kinetic energy

The movement energy.

Convecting current

The movement of fluid in a cycle because of convection

Heat

The movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object

What is temperature?

The speed of how fast the particles of the air is moving.

Potential energy

The stored energy

Conduction

The transfer of thermal energy between materials by the collisions of particles is called conduction.

Define conduction. What type of matter can conduction transfer through? Why?

The transfer of thermal energy between materials by the collisions of particles is called conduction. It can only transfer through materials, because it transfer through object.

Convection

The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of the material to another.

Define convection. What type of matter can conduction transfer through? Why?

The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles from one part of the material to another. This transfer through air or by temperature.

Radiation

The transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by electromagnetic waves

Define radiation. What type of matter can radiation transfer through? Does it require matter to be present in order to transfer thermal energy?

The transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by electromagnetic waves. It transfer through electromagnetic waves. It does not require matter.

Explain why thermal conductor transfer energy easily

There are less air space in between the particles of thermal conductor which energy flows right through

Explain why thermal insulator transfer energy slowly

There are more air spaces in the particles of thermal insulator, which slows down or stops thermal energy from getting through

Contrast thermal conductors and thermal insulators. Give one example of each.

Thermal conductor transfers thermal energy faster like metal. Thermal insulator stops thermal energy like foam.

Define thermal contraction and explain why it occurs: discuss particles movement and distance.

Thermal contraction is when the particles of air moves slower and started sinking together, so the area become less because there's less PE.

Contrast thermal energy and temperature.

Thermal energy is the sum of both PE and KE, when temperature is the speed of the particles.

What is thermal energy? What are two ways that it can be increased?

Thermal energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles that made up the material. We can either increase potential energy or kinetic energy.

Thermal Energy

Thermal energy is the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the particles that make up a material

Define thermal expansion and explain why it occurs: discuss particles movement and distance.

Thermal expansion is when the particles of air started moving faster because of heat, and they started to need more space to more so they contrast in space and they spread apart.

Does water have a high or low specific heat? Explain your answer. Why is this a for life on earth?

Water have a high specific so the water in our lakes, rivers stays longer rather that raising into the atmosphere. And we won't loss too much water.

Thermostats

a device that regulates the temperature of a system.

Thermal expansion

an increase in a material's volume when its temperature increases.

Thermal Contractions

decrease in a material's volume when its temperature decreases.

Heat Engine

machine that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy.

Thermal conductor

A thermal conductor is a material through which thermal energy flows easily.

Thermal Insulator

A thermal insulator is a material through which thermal energy does not flow easily.

What are three ways that thermal energy is transferred?

1. Radiation 2. Conduction 3. Thermal Expansion/ Contraction

Heating appliances

A device that converts electric energy into thermal energy

Refrigerator

A device that uses electric energy to transfer thermal energy from a cooler location to a warmer location