Three Types of Rocks

What are 3 categories used to classify sedimentary rocks?

Clastic Organic Chemical

This property means what igneous rock is made of.

Composition

What 2 properties help classify igneous rocks?

Composition Texture

Igneous Rocks

Formed by the cooling of Magma. Crystal size is determined by how slowly the magma cools. Some rocks of this type can be obsidian, basalt, and granite.

Sedimentary Rocks

Formed when particles of broken rock and organic materials are pressed and cemented together to form new rocks. Sediments are mud, sand, pebbles, shells, bones, leaves, and stems. Some rocks of this type can be sandstone, limestone, and gypsum.

Metamorphic Rocks

Formed when rocks are buried deep within the Earth and the large amounts of heat and pressure change the rock into something new. You can know the rocks are metamorphic when you see wavy bands in the rock. Examples, shale, gneiss, marble, and quartzite.

Metamorphic rocks require large amounts of these 2 properties to form

Heat Pressure

This type of rock is formed by the cooling of magma

Igneous

Three types of Rocks

Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic

What happens to metamorphic rock that is exposed to high amounts of heat and pressure?

It becomes liquid rock (magma) and will become igneous rock when it cools

True or false: Metaorphic rocks that have well defined thin bands usually break along the bands into layers

True

Igneous rocks formed on the surface of the earth are called ____?

extrusive

Igneous = ____

fire

The presence of this determines how metamorphic rock is classified.

grains of minerals that form layers called BANDS

What is magma?

hot, liquid rock

Igneous rocks formed inside the earth are called ____?

intrusive

Meta = ____ AND Morph = ____

meta = shape morph = change

List at least 4 sediments that make up sedimentary rocks.

mud sand pebbles shells bones leaves stems

What does Clastic sedimentary rock consist of?

pieces of broken up rocks

What does Organic sedimentary rock consist of?

pieces of material that was once living

What does Chemical sedimentary rock consist of? (give an example, too)

rocks formed by inorganic processes example: water evaporates to make a rock

Rock

A hard substance composed of one or more minerals. A rock may obtain naturally occurring substances that do not fit the definition of a mineral.

Which one of the following is NOT a metamorphic rock? A. Gneiss B. Basalt C. Shale D. Quartzite E. Marble

Basalt

Sedimentary rocks are formed when these 2 items are pressed and cemented together.

Broken rocks Organic things

How are sedimentary rocks classified?

By what materials they are made up of.

This type of rock os formed when burioed deep in the earth and exposed to large amounts of heat and pressure.

Metamorphic rocks

List 3 examples of igneous rocks.

Obsideon Basalt Granite

All of the following are sedimentary rocks EXCEPT: A. Sandstone B. Limestone C. Quartzite D. Gypsum

Quartzite

List 3 examples of sedimentary rocks.

Sandstone Limestone Gypsum

Which one of the following is not an igneous rock? A. Shale B. Obsideon C. Basalt D. Granite

Shale

List 4 examples of metamorphic rocks

Shale Gneiss Marble Quartzite

This property means the shape, size & placement of minerals within igneous rock.

Texture