Tissues Quiz

Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues

false

Rapid cell death caused by a complete cutting off of blood supply is called gangrene.

false

The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.

false

The process of a cell changing types to respond to its environment is called neoplasia

false

The replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue is called _____

fibrosis

blood functions to

transport nutrients to the tissues

The clear gel inside a cell is called

cytosol

Mesoderm give rise to muscle, bone, and blood

true

Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?

A calcified matrix

_________ secrete ______ into _______

Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities, including ______

Holding water and maintaining electrolyte balance

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous connective tissue?

Hyaline cartilage

The membrane that lines passageways that open to the exterior environment is called ________.

a mucous membrane (mucosa)

Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin

false

New triglycerides are constantly being synthesized and stored, while others are hydrolyzed and released into the circulation by the cells found in __________.

adipose tissue

It is normal for breasts to shrink after lactation ceases. This is a consequences of _____ in human breast cells

apoptosis

_________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membrane

areolar tissue

An example of a highly vascular tissue is __________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is __________.

areolar; cartilage

The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __________, whereas _________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

Which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance?

collagen

A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) _____, a nerve fiber refers to an _____, and a muscle fiber refers to an ______

complex of macromdes; part of a cell; entire cell

Glands that have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts are classified as ___________ glands.

compound acinar

Fibroblast and protein fibers are associated with both ______ and ______

dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues

The _______ gives rise to the _______

ectoderm; nervous system and epidermis

The shape of a person's external ear is due to the presence of __________.

elastic cartilage

The covering of body surfaces and the lining of body cavities is composed of __________ tissue.

epithelial

The membrane that lines the luminal surfaces of the digestive. respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of ____

epithelium and lamina propria

The basement membrane is found between ________ and ________

epithelium; connective tissue

_______ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane potential

excitable

Adult stem cells are usually pluripotent

false

Blood consists of cells and a ground substance made of formed elements.

false

Connective tissues contain abundant cells that are on contact with one another

false

Dendrites in a neuron send outgoing signals to other cells.

false

Desmosomes are more effective than tight junctions in preventing substances from passing between cells.

false

Excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape.

false

The four following primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except _____

fibrous

Some simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia have _________ cells, which produce a protective mucous coating over the mucous membranes.

goblet

A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a ______

histological section

Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ______

hyper-tensible joints

After six months of lifting weights at the gym, you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to _____ of muscle cells

hypertrophy

The histological section that divides a specimen along its long axis is called a (n) ______ section

longitudinal

________ glands (such as tear glands) have vesicle that release their secretion via exocytosis ______ glands (such as oil- producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their product

merocrine; holocrine

The middle primary germ layers is called _____ which give rise to different types of connective tissue such as bone, cartilage, and blood

mesoderm, mesenchyme

The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smoker may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This is an example of _____

metaplasia

Mucin is secreted by__________ glands, which combines with water to form a thick and sticky product. _________ glands produce a relatively watery fluid.

mucous; serous

Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neurons and ______

neuroglia

____ epithelium provides a moist and slippery surface and is well suited to resist stress, as seen in the ______

nonkeratinized; vagina

With regard to the healing of a skin wound, macrophages ___________.

phagocytize and digest tissue debris

All cells in _______ epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.

pseudostratified columnar

In the intestine, _______ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them

tight joints

An epithelial whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called ______ epithelium

simple columnar

A brush border of microvilli is found in _____ epithelium, which can be found in the ________

simple columnar; small intestine

Most kidney tubules are made of __________ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.

simple cuboidal

Rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs takes place through __________ epithelium.

simple squamous

________ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas ______ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion

simple squamous; stratified squamous

Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because

smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract

_______ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas _____ epithelium is rare

stratified squamous; stratified columnar

Skeletal muscle is described as

striated and voluntary

Most membranes are composed of two or three tissue types. However, an example of an exception is the ___________ membrane.

synovial

Collagenous fibers are very abundant in _______.

tendons, ligaments, and deeper portion of the skin

Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are __________ stem cells.

totipotent

Found in the urinary bladder, __________ epithelium resembles __________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.

transitional; stratified squamous

Columnar cells lining the small intestine have a brush border of microvilli on the apical surface.

true

Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs

true

In an epithelium, there is almost no extracellular matrix.

true

Most growth in childhood is the result of hyperplasia.

true

Neurons are a major type of cell found in nervous tissue.

true

Scar tissue helps to hold an organ together but does not restore normal function of the damaged tissue.

true

Smooth and cardiac muscles are under involuntary control

true

The clear gel that usually surrounds cells is called interstitial fluid.

true

The secretory product of a gland is produced by its parenchyma, not its stroma

true