Tissues Quiz
Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues
false
Rapid cell death caused by a complete cutting off of blood supply is called gangrene.
false
The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.
false
The process of a cell changing types to respond to its environment is called neoplasia
false
The replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue is called _____
fibrosis
blood functions to
transport nutrients to the tissues
The clear gel inside a cell is called
cytosol
Mesoderm give rise to muscle, bone, and blood
true
Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?
A calcified matrix
_________ secrete ______ into _______
Endocrine glands; hormones; the blood
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities, including ______
Holding water and maintaining electrolyte balance
Which of the following is not a type of fibrous connective tissue?
Hyaline cartilage
The membrane that lines passageways that open to the exterior environment is called ________.
a mucous membrane (mucosa)
Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin
false
New triglycerides are constantly being synthesized and stored, while others are hydrolyzed and released into the circulation by the cells found in __________.
adipose tissue
It is normal for breasts to shrink after lactation ceases. This is a consequences of _____ in human breast cells
apoptosis
_________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membrane
areolar tissue
An example of a highly vascular tissue is __________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is __________.
areolar; cartilage
The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __________, whereas _________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.
chondroblasts; fibroblasts
Which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance?
collagen
A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) _____, a nerve fiber refers to an _____, and a muscle fiber refers to an ______
complex of macromdes; part of a cell; entire cell
Glands that have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts are classified as ___________ glands.
compound acinar
Fibroblast and protein fibers are associated with both ______ and ______
dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues
The _______ gives rise to the _______
ectoderm; nervous system and epidermis
The shape of a person's external ear is due to the presence of __________.
elastic cartilage
The covering of body surfaces and the lining of body cavities is composed of __________ tissue.
epithelial
The membrane that lines the luminal surfaces of the digestive. respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of ____
epithelium and lamina propria
The basement membrane is found between ________ and ________
epithelium; connective tissue
_______ tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of changes in membrane potential
excitable
Adult stem cells are usually pluripotent
false
Blood consists of cells and a ground substance made of formed elements.
false
Connective tissues contain abundant cells that are on contact with one another
false
Dendrites in a neuron send outgoing signals to other cells.
false
Desmosomes are more effective than tight junctions in preventing substances from passing between cells.
false
Excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape.
false
The four following primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except _____
fibrous
Some simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia have _________ cells, which produce a protective mucous coating over the mucous membranes.
goblet
A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a ______
histological section
Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ______
hyper-tensible joints
After six months of lifting weights at the gym, you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to _____ of muscle cells
hypertrophy
The histological section that divides a specimen along its long axis is called a (n) ______ section
longitudinal
________ glands (such as tear glands) have vesicle that release their secretion via exocytosis ______ glands (such as oil- producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their product
merocrine; holocrine
The middle primary germ layers is called _____ which give rise to different types of connective tissue such as bone, cartilage, and blood
mesoderm, mesenchyme
The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smoker may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This is an example of _____
metaplasia
Mucin is secreted by__________ glands, which combines with water to form a thick and sticky product. _________ glands produce a relatively watery fluid.
mucous; serous
Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neurons and ______
neuroglia
____ epithelium provides a moist and slippery surface and is well suited to resist stress, as seen in the ______
nonkeratinized; vagina
With regard to the healing of a skin wound, macrophages ___________.
phagocytize and digest tissue debris
All cells in _______ epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach the free surface have cilia.
pseudostratified columnar
In the intestine, _______ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them
tight joints
An epithelial whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called ______ epithelium
simple columnar
A brush border of microvilli is found in _____ epithelium, which can be found in the ________
simple columnar; small intestine
Most kidney tubules are made of __________ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.
simple cuboidal
Rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs takes place through __________ epithelium.
simple squamous
________ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas ______ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion
simple squamous; stratified squamous
Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because
smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract
_______ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas _____ epithelium is rare
stratified squamous; stratified columnar
Skeletal muscle is described as
striated and voluntary
Most membranes are composed of two or three tissue types. However, an example of an exception is the ___________ membrane.
synovial
Collagenous fibers are very abundant in _______.
tendons, ligaments, and deeper portion of the skin
Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are __________ stem cells.
totipotent
Found in the urinary bladder, __________ epithelium resembles __________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.
transitional; stratified squamous
Columnar cells lining the small intestine have a brush border of microvilli on the apical surface.
true
Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs
true
In an epithelium, there is almost no extracellular matrix.
true
Most growth in childhood is the result of hyperplasia.
true
Neurons are a major type of cell found in nervous tissue.
true
Scar tissue helps to hold an organ together but does not restore normal function of the damaged tissue.
true
Smooth and cardiac muscles are under involuntary control
true
The clear gel that usually surrounds cells is called interstitial fluid.
true
The secretory product of a gland is produced by its parenchyma, not its stroma
true