Total Health - Chapter 5

vaccine

A mixture of weakened or killed germs given orally (by mouth) or through an injection

Gamma gobbulin

A shot of protein that gives protection against the hepatitis disease

infectious disease (communicable diseases)

All diseases that are caused by the spread of germs (pathogens).

Sterility

Incapable of producing offspring. May occur in either male or female.

Hepatitis A

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus that is spread through fecally-contaminated food, water, or objects.

T-cells

Lymphocytes that fight germs by several ways that are different than the way B-cells fight germs

B-cells

Lymphocytes that make antibodies that attack germ cells

pathogens

Microorganisms that cause disease.

Protist

One-celled animals (like amoebas). Some can cause diseases

bacteria

One-celled organisms that come in many shapes and grow everywhere. 90% beneficial. Only 10% cause diseases.

Chlamydia

the most common, yet the most difficult to discover STD in the US

Gonorrhea

the next common STD after chlamydia. sometimes called "the preventer of life" because it can cause sterility in both male and female.

homeostatis

the process by which the body maintains a constant internal environment despite the external changes

mononucleosis

infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes (white blood cells) and enlarged lymph nodes. `Extreme fatigue. "Kissing disease"

Hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

pneumonia

inflammation of the lungs caused by virus or bacteria

Four factors of the infectious disease process

1. The pathogen (germ that infects) 2. Source of pathogen (host) 3. How pathogen is spread 4. New host

physical defenses

1. skin 2. mucus membranes 3. vomiting or diarrhea

Herpes simplex II

A STD that causes a painful rash on the genitals

fungi

An organism that usually causes diseases of the skin. Enter body through spores in the air.

disease

Any condition that negatively affects the normal function of the mind or body.

Produce toxins when they infect.

Bacteria

virus

Smaller in size than bacteria and responsible for more infections than any other pathogen.

antibodies

Special protiens produced by the lymphocytes n response to a foreign substance in the body

resistance

The ability to fight the invading germ.

symptoms

The changes in the body that signal that a particular disease is present.

STD

The diseases that pass through one person to another through sexual contact.

Immune system

The group of organs and cells that works with the lymphatic system to fight germs, AKA the body's natural resistance.

Syphilis

The least common, yet most dangerous of the STD's. Sometimes called "The great imitator" because it looks like so many other diseases.

incubation period

The period of time from which a person becomes infected with a microorganism to the time when the actually have symptoms allowing them to recognize the disease.

HIV

The virus that causes aids.

Lymphocytes

White blood cells manufactured by the lymph nodes to travel through the lymphatic system to fight off germs

Acute disease

Those diseases that develop suddenly with symptoms that are often severe

Opportunistic infections

Those diseases that do not normally affect a person with a healthy immune system, but do take advantage of a person with AIDS

Lymphatic network

Vessels that circulate a special body fluid called lymph. Carry lymphocytes.

Cause infections by attacking individual cells.

Viruses

carrier

a person who is carrying the germ but does not seem to be suffering from the illness

AIDS

a result of HIV

allergen

a substance to which a persons body is particularly sensitive

Chronic disease

diseases that develop gradually and may persist for years.

hepatitis B

infamation of the liver that is caused by a virus that is spread through direct contact with the infected person or through infected needles.

spleen

manufactures & stores white blood cells