Training and Development Test 2

Emotional

- Allow trainees to feel the problem—get them to care. - Embed appropriate YouTube video clips into your training program.

Enhances retention

- Complements training material in such a way that trainees can remember it longer - Provides cognitive triggers to stimulate recall at a later time

Stories

- Get trainees to act out narratives.

Clarify

- Provides a visual or auditory example of how the training concept works - Shows a model of how something works conceptually - Makes important explanations about the training content

Asynchronous communication examples

- Web-Based Delivery: Fully Online, Self-Directed and Trainer Directed - Distance Education Delivery: Mostly Online and Self-Directed

Asynchronous communication

- does not allow for a real-time conversation; people in different places communicate, but at different times.

What is ambiguity? How does it apply to e-learning?

- Ambiguity indicates there are conflicting interpretations of an idea or an issue. Generally, soft skills such as communication skills (listening, meeting facilitation, presentational speaking, conflict management, employee appraisals) are high in ambiguity. - It answers the question of what delivery modes are most appropriate for a given training program?

What is Traditional E-Learning?

- Content is fixed or rarely changes. - Content is generic and will be around for a long time. - Training budget is adequate. - Time to develop is appropriate. - Training content needs to be conveyed using multimedia and interactive components.

What is Rapid E-Learning?

- Content regularly changes or is updated frequently. - .Content may have a short shelf life or is of a "just-in-time" nature. - Training budget is limited. - Time to develop is minimal. - Training content can be explained using text.

Make presentation aids large enough to see.

- Don't copy text from a training manual; scan and enlarge it so it can be projected on a screen. - Make sure projections are large enough for trainees to see clearly.

Be ready to present without presentation aids.

- Don't rely totally on your presentation aids. If something goes wrong with the presentation aids, keep moving forward—without them if necessary. - Ensure that problems with presentation aids will not cause you to cancel a presentation.

Keep presentation aids simple.

- Don't use ornate fonts or formats. - Make points short and concise. - Use bullets to itemize lists. - Keep the focus on the main ideas rather than on the presentation aid "decorations."

Credible

- Get trainees to believe. - Use testimonials from opinion leaders.

Unexpected

- Get trainees' attention by surprising them. Break a pattern. - Reveal an idea that is counterintuitive..

Concrete

- Help trainees understand and remember. New trainees need concrete steps. - They need language that they can use to Greet a customer, Look for nonverbal cues, Assess needs, Describe products and services, and Close the sale. Develop a mnemonic device (GLAD-C) to help trainees remember the steps to selling.

Communicate with trainees, not with the presentation aids.

- Interact with people, not inanimate presentation aids. - Establish and maintain eye contact with trainees.

What are the 5 implementation strategies for using presentation aids?

- Keep presentation aids simple. - Communicate with trainees, not with the presentation aids. - Make presentation aids large enough to see. - Be ready to present without presentation aids - Practice using presentation aids.

Practice using presentation aids.

- Make sure you have used the presentation aids before you present. - Rehearse with presentation aids and relevant equipment.

Simple

- Make sure your trainees get the core message. - Use minimal words or select images to convey a single idea. - Example: If your message is cultivating people and helping them grow professionally, you may want to use an image of a flower garden where all the flowers are in full bloom.

What is media richness?

- Media richness describes the technology's ability to simulate face to-face communication.

What are the 5 reasons for using presentation aids?

- Promote interest - Clarify - Demonstrate - Enhance retention - Enhance training transfer

Demonstrate

- Shows how a training concept can be or should be used (for example, how to handle a hostile customer) - Takes the concept and puts it into an observable and concrete form for the trainees

Enhance training transfer

- Shows how the training concept fits in the world of the trainee - Portrays a setting where a specific concept or approach could be used

What are the appropriate design principles when developing web-based training programs?

- Simple - Unexpected - Concrete - Credible - Emotional - Stories

What are Web 2.0 Training Tools ?

- Social Networking. - Wikis. - Online Forums - RSS Feeds (also known as Really Simple Syndication) - Social Bookmarking. - Skype - Podcasts - Youtube - Twitter - Screencasts - Screenshots

What is Distance Education Delivery?

- This e-learning delivery option involves training modules that are offered entirely or partially online, in an asynchronous communication mode. - There is typically no online support or real-time communication with the trainer. However, trainees can e-mail their questions or comments to the trainer or facilitator. - One major benefit to distance training is that trainees have the flexibility to log in and log out from remote locations, making it easy to stop and restart a training program without losing progress. This form is the most common conception of e-learning, but it is becoming less popular.

Synchronous communication examples

- Traditional Classroom Delivery: Face-to-Face and Trainer Directed - Web/Video Conference Delivery: Partially Online and Face-to-Face and Trainer Directed

What is web based delivery education?

- Web-based delivery doesn't usually permit trainees to hear a trainer's voice in real time, and it tends to be both trainer and trainee directed. - This category utilizes a Learning Management System (LMS), also known as a Course Management System (CMS) or Virtual Learning Environments (VLE). - Popular examples of these types of software systems are Blackboard and WebCT (Current Tools), which are widely used today in business and higher education; they make it efficient for trainees to access course material, including presentations, coursework, and assessments. - Trainees can also interact with the trainer through an online portal or intranet Web site. Web-based tools are available to both trainers and trainees. Trainers can facilitate participation, communicate with trainees, collaborate, and evaluate work. 16 In addition, trainees can communicate and interact with other trainees through the Web site. Facilitated transactions software incorporates elements of asynchronous and synchronous communication. - One key difference in this category is that the majority of the classroom aids and resources are available online, not as print and CD/DVD materials. - The Web-based delivery mode is appropriate for training tasks moderately low in ambiguity. Because it doesn't always allow for synchronous communication with a training professional, it is more suited to hard skills training.

Synchronous communication

- occurs in real time and allows trainer and trainee to have a conversation. - Although the trainer and the trainee may not be in the same room, they can converse using the communication technology.

Delivery session that considers physical and psychological needs of trainees

-Basic needs: focus on content that will increase effectiveness, efficiency, and self-actualization -Attention span -Delivery style

describe and use techniques that promote nonverbal immediacy during session

-eye contact, posture, movement -appearance, facial expressions, vocal cues

describe and make language choices that promote verbal immediacy during session

-personal pronouns (we, us, our) -discussion rather than listening

Differentiate between the rich and lean channels. (from richest to leanest)

1. Face-to-Face Classroom Delivery 2. Web/Video Conference Delivery 3. Web-Based Delivery 4. Distance Education Delivery

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using video?

Advantages - Attention-catching visual possibilities, static or moving - Captures the audience's attention - Gives great images of concepts in action Disadvantages - Equipment failure always a possibility - May compete with trainer for attention - Audio capabilities sometimes a problem, especially in large rooms

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using PowerPoint Slides?

Advantages - Can produce professional and useful visuals quickly - Easy to transport; can produce handouts for trainees from slides - Can bring in videos, sounds, demonstrations Disadvantages - Slides can become the focal point of the training - Can be distracting and overshadow the content and the trainer - Can be overused to the point of boring trainees

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using internet?

Advantages - Can provide up-to-date information in real time - Can facilitate access to Web materials Disadvantages - Connections and connection rate can be unpredictable and can go down during session - Information from the Web needs to be screened for accuracy and credibility

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Dry-erase boards (Whiteboards) ?

Advantages - Easy to use - Can double as a projection screen Disadvantages - Hard to transport; needs to be already in the room - Must make sure you have fresh markers - Must know how to use markers properly - Must have legible handwriting

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Document Camera?

Advantages - Easy to use, versatile - Can be used spontaneously or with prepared documents Disadvantages - Documents can be too small even when projected - Equipment can be a barrier between trainer and trainee—visually and perceptually

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Participants Guides and Handouts ?

Advantages - Relatively inexpensive - Provide much information - Provide trainees something to take back to the office with them - Do not require technology to use - Easy to transport Disadvantages - Hard to control trainee attention once they are distributed - Can be a distraction - Use large amounts of paper

Implement conflict management techniques that address training problems during delivery.

Conflict management skills are communication skills that enable a trainer to deal in a professional manner with a problem trainee.

What are the strategies of designing PowerPoint slides?

I can't memorize it so page 192

What is the need for E- Learning?

Minimizes Costs. Minimizes Down Time. Appeals to Contemporary Learners.

What are the strategies used to present PowerPoint slides?

Page 193

Source of conflict: Quiet trainees

Solution: - Avoid putting them on the spot. - Avoid assigning seats to them. - Don't evaluate or assess them based on how much they talk. - Make discussions safe for them to express their feelings and opinions by being supportive. - Preview session activities so there are no surprises. Praise their contributions.

Source of conflict: Dominant trainees

Solution: - Don't encourage them to keep talking. - Acknowledge their contributions graciously and note that others may have differing but equally valid perceptions. - Graciously interrupt and refocus if certain trainees are dominating talk time. - Make sure other trainees get the floor to share their views.

Source of conflict: Aggressive trainees

Solution: - Establish rapport by learning names before the session and by affirming positive contributions during the session. - Let them know that you do not condone nor will you allow them to be verbally aggressive to others during the session. - Focus them on supporting and helping other trainees.

Source of conflict: Negative trainees

Solution: - Make sure training sessions are relevant to specific skills they need. - Try to give them some control and choice in the training process. - Empathize and then redirect to the positive. - Show how your training is intended to make things better.

Promote interest

Stimulates attention and involvement with your training content Draws your trainees to want to know more about the training concept Motivates trainees to attend to, look at, and involve themselves in training concepts