Tuckman's 5 Stage Model of Team Development

3 Reasons Why Individuals Conform to Norms

1. Compliance 2. Identification 3. Internalization

4 Ways that Norms are Developed

1. Critical Events 2. Primacy 3. Carryover Events 4. Explicit Statements

Norming (Two Important Developments Occur)

1. Development of Cohesion 2. Development of Norms

Tuckman's 5 Stage Model of Team Development

1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing 5. Adjourning

5 Factors that Influence Cohesion

1. Size 2. Similarity and diversity 3. Competition among teams 4. Success 5. Exclusiveness

The team will respond to the deviant in one of three ways:

1. The attempt to change the deviance behavior. 2. Punish the deviant. 3. change the norm to reflect the deviance behavior.

Identification

Accepting the norm because other members do.

Internalization

Believing the norm is the right thing to do.

Success

Breeds cohesion.

Competition among teams

Competition tends to increase cohesion however too much competition can lead to sub-optimization.

Storming

Conflict arises at this stage. Too much conflict can be detrimental. Too little conflict can result in the team returning to the storming stage at a later time.

Gold bricker

Deviate from the norm by working too slow.

Critical Events

Establishes the norm.

Similarity and diversity

Homogeneous teams have higher levels of cohesion than heterogeneous teams which are more diverse.

Development of Norms

Informal rules the team develops to regulate member behavior.

Explicit Statements

Managerial control.

Team think

Occurs when members focus on group goals, attain synergy and develop high quality work products.

Performing

Occurs when members work synergestically together to accomplish team goals. High performing teams get to performing stage.

Connie Gersick

Researched task forces and other groups with similar deadlines and found the team did not go through a series of developmental stages but rather alternated between periods of inertia and frenzied activities.

Size

Small teams are more cohesive.

Forming

Team members come together as a team and start thinking of themselves as a team.

Development of Cohesion

The attractiveness of a team to its members.

Primacy

The first behavior becomes the norm.

Idiosyncrasy Credit

The freedom to violate group norms without being punished because of contributions made in the past.

Rate busters

Those who deviate from the norm by working too fast.

Compliance

We are going to accept the norm.

Deviance

When a team member violates a norm.

Group think

When members suppress their comments so they are viewed as not being a team player which leads to faulty decision making. (Negative Effect of Cohesion)

Carryover Events

When norms are brought to the team from outside the team.

Exclusiveness

When teams are hard to join they become more cohesive.

Adjourning

When the team has accomplished their goal and members prepare to return to their former job.