ultrasound A&P- pathology Q3

¡Supera tus tareas y exámenes ahora con Quizwiz!

in a pt after hysterectomy the normal cuff should not exceed __ cm

2

being external hydrocephalus commonly occurs in children on what age

2-7mnths

simple ov cyst in post menopausal women are not likely malignant when measuring less than ___cm

3cm

all most common findings associated w/ an Arnold-chiari malformation include caudal displacement of all the following except:

3rd ventricle

post menopause patients an endometrial thickness of less than__ mm reliably excludes an endometrial abnormality

5mm

what term denotes caudal displacement of the cerebellar hemisphere:

Arnold chiari ll

a biological serum tumor marker found in 75% of women w/ OV cancer is

CA125

this may result in a T shaped UT cavity

DES(diethylstilbestrol exposure)

which of the following anomalies is characterized by the presence of a posterior fossa cystic and splaying of the cerebellar hemispheres?

Dandy walker malformation

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD)

Disorder classified into two types: benign (hydatidiform mole) and malignant.

A mature follicle is known as a ____ follicle

Graafian follicle

endometriosis

Growth of endometrial tissue outside of uterus

a 28 yo woman reports LLQ pain her LMP was 2 weeks earlier. Sonographically the UT body displays a higher echogenic structure in the endometrial cavity. this appearance most likely represents which one of the following conditions?

IUD intrauterine Contraceptive device

chorioadenoma destruens

Invasive mole, A type of cancer that grows into the muscular wall of the uterus

Myomas also known as

Leiomyomas, Uterine Fibroids

Name the gonadotropin responsible for maintaining the corpus luteum.

Luteinizing hormone(LH)

characteristics of mutinous cystadenoma

MC cystic tumor, large cystic mass w/ multilocular cystic spaces, unilateral

sagittal scan of the RT adnexa pt has no symptoms most likely diagnosed as

OV dermoid cyst

21 yo female presents with sudden onset of lower abdominal pain Sonography;6cm multiseptated cystic mass w/ good through transmission no flow seen w/ color doppler

OV torsion

which of the following pathologies indicate the ov has twisted on its pedicle?

OV torsion

the partial or complete rotation of the ov pedicle on its axis is defined as which one of the following:

Ov torsion

what is the most likely explanation for the finding on this sonog

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

which one of the following statements about PID is false

PID accounts for a decreased risk of ectopic pregnancies

T or F choriocarcinoma can follow any type of pregnancy, whereas an invasive mole can only follow a hydatidiform mole

T

T or F dermoid cyst is MC bening GYN tumor?

T

which of the following techniques is the best way to measure the cervical fundal dimension of the UT

Transabdominal

Asherman's Syndrome includes the presence of what?

Uterine synechiae (intrauterine adhesions)

A Gartner Duct Cyst

a benign cyst located within the vagina

A 25-year-old woman complains of painful menstrual cycles and inflammation trans abdominal and trans vaginal img demonstrates a hypoechoic well defined adnexal mass normal ov are seen bilaterally this sonographic appearance most likely represents which one of the following?

a tubo-ovatian abscess

a 24 yo woman has a fever bag discharge and intense pelvic pain. trans abdominal and Transvaginal images demonstrates a complex multiloculated irreg mass in the pouch of Douglas this clinical presentation most likely represents which one of the following?

a tuboovarian abscess

which one of the following descriptions is the most common finding in endometrial carcinoma?

abnormal thickening of the endometrial cavity, usually w/ irregular bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

mrs smith is 42 yo she went to he doctor complaining of heavy, painful periods, this was a new symptom for her on her pelvic exam the doctor thought her UT felt large, he ordered an U/S which revealed a hypoehoic, heterogeneous large UT the radiologist recommended an MRI for confirmation of what suspected diagnosis?

adenomyosis

Asherman's Syndrome/Synechiae

adhesions of the endometrium

the best sonorgraphic correlation in the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy is the combination of no intrauterine pregnancy and which one of the following

adnexal mass

all of the following organs/ offices contribute the menstrual cycle except:

adrenal

which of the following can cause uterine perforation leading to life threatening hemorrhage : chorioadenoma destruens invasive mole penetrating mole

all of the above

which of the following is not a clinical symptom in gestational trophoblastic disease : absence of fetal heart tone exclusion of vesicles hyperemesis pre-clampsia UT bleeding all

all of the above are sympt of GTD

choriocarcinoma is likely to develop from an: ectopic preg, hydatidiform mole, normal term pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, all

all: ectopic preg, hydatidiform mole, normal term pregnancy, spontaneous abortion

which of the following is more severe form of holoprosencephaly, characterized by a single common ventricle and malformation of brain? orbital anomalies range from fused orbits to hypotelorism w/ frequent nasal anomalies and cleating of the lip + palate

alobar

* which of the following lab test can be used as a marker for dysgerminoma

alpha-fetoprotein

sonography of the neonatal brain is evaluated though which one of the following

anterior fontanelle

the most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus is which one of the following?

aqueduct stenosis

the arteries in the uterus that penetrate the myometrium are the:

arcuate arteries

anechoic areas seen b/w the outer and intermediate layers of the myometrium represent:

arcuate vessels

a brief examination of the KD should be done when a pelvic mass is encounter to

asses any degree of hydronephrosis

*what statement about megs syndrome is false

associated w. theca lutein cyst

the junction of the anterior, occipital and temporal horns is called the

atrium (trigone)

Endometrial hyperplasia

benign condition that results from estrogen stimulation to the endometrium without the influence of progestin; frequent cause of bleeding

Leiomyoma

benign tumor of smooth muscle (fibroids)

Endometrioma

benign, blood-containing tumor that forms from the implantation of ectopic endometrial tissue; tumor associated with endometriosis

dermoid cyst can be confused w/__ and contain ___

bowel hair, teeth, fat

krukenberg tumor are generally associated w/

carcinoma of the GI track

the portion of the brain that lies posterior to the cranial fossa under the tentorium is called which now of the following?

cerebellum

Nina performed a sonogram on Mrs. Jones. On transvaginal sonography, she noted a hypoechoic mass with irregular borders in the area the cervix. The mass appeared to extend posteriorly from the cervix into the wall of the rectum. What was the most likely diagnosis?

cervical carcinoma

which one of the following is most likely the result of an acquired condition w/ obstruction of the cervical canal

cervical stenosis

an increase of a complete hysterectomy is present when an ectopic pregnancy is coated in which of the following

cervix

in which of the following structures might a gartners duct cyst be found

cervix

gestational trophoblastic disease, which involved the presence of diffuse echogenic material extending to the myometrium describes___

chorioadenoma destruens

a malignant, metastatic form of gestational trophoblastic disease is __

choriocarcinoma

an elevated hCG in an non preg woman following a normal term preg is a concern for

choriocarcinoma

the most malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease is:

choriocarcinoma

40% of CSF is produced by:

choroid plexus

the largest subarachnoid space demonstrated Sonographically is

cisterna magna

the most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease is __

complete mole

A pelvic abscess is will likely appear as which one of the following?

complex cal-de-sac mass that distorts the pelvic anatomy

which of the following describes the abnormality seen in the left adnexal?

complex cyst

which of the following is a possible finding with a dermoid cyst

complex echogenic components + septationa, fat-fluid level, highly echogenic

which of the following best describes this img

corpus luteum

Patients on Tamoxifen therapy have an increased risk of which one of the following reactions a. Endometrial hyperplasia b. Endometrial polyp c. Endometrial carcinoma d. All of the above reactions

d. All of the above reactions

congenital anomaly of teh 4th ventricle results in which one of the following malformations :

dandy walker

which one of the following statements about interventricular pelvic sonography is true

decrease patient cost

in the event that the sonographer is suspicious for a malignant tumor, she/he should look for all of the following except

decreased vascularity in the sepatations

a pelvic sonogram reveals fluid in the culdesac containing low level echoes, all are potential causes except: dermoid, normal ovulation, ruptured cyst, solid mass in the OV

dermoid

the most common being tumor of the OV is

dermoid

the tumor that may mimic gas or feces in the pelvics is which one of the of the following masses :

dermoid

the following would be considered functional cyst except

dermoid cyst

*a patient presents w/ fever severe pelvic pain and lag discharge she had multiple sex partners which of the following would you not see on US

discrete mass in myometrium

*all of the following are being ov tumors except

dysgerminoma

which one of these terms describes painfull intercourse

dyspareunia

you image an echogenic area with a dirty shadow in the adnexal region. you suspect a dermoid. Which of the following could you do to aid in the diagnosis? A. look for peristalsis B. turn on the structure to see if it elongates C. use a lower frequency transducer to improve resolution D. use color and pulsed doppler to look for vascularity E. A, B and D F. A, C and D

e

acute neonatal brain hemorrhage appears

echogenic

all of the following conditions are associated w/ elevated serum HCG for expected gestational age except: chorioadenoma destruens ectopic preg hydatidiform mole incorrect dates multiple gestations

ectopic pregnancy

a grape like structures noted within UT in a patient w/ a molar pregnancy represent: abnormal decider Basilis edematous chorionic villi edematous uterine vessels fetal tissue theca lutein cyst

edematous chorionic villi

what is the most common cause of post menopausal bleeding?

endometrial atrophy

*"A thin reflective, midline stripe in the UT"describes the sonographic appearance of the :

endometrial canal

which of the following tends to have a narrow base attachment to the endometium w/ a vascular pedicle feeding it

endometrial polyp

the structure being measured in the above image Is)_____

endometrial stripe thickness

which of the following is a localized tumor of endometriosis

endometrioma

which of the following is a localized tumor of the endometriosis most frequent found in the ov, cal-de-sac, retrovaginal septum, and peritoneal surface of the posterior wall of the UT?

endometrioma

a common condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is present outside of the UT is :

endometriosis

adenomyosis is considered to be a form go which of the following?

endometriosis

which one of the following statements about diffuse endometriosis is false

endometriosis is easily diagnosed by sonography

Depending on the menstrual cycle, the inner lining of the uterine cavity that appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound is which one of the following structures?

endometrium

*A patient presents w/ a hx of infertility, dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. which of the following would most likely be seen on her sonogram?

enlarged OV w/ peripheral follicles

a patient presents w/ a hx of infertility and is currently taking fertility drugs, her abdomen is distended. which of the following would be a finding on U/S

enlarged ov, FF, multiple cystic structures, hypervascularity

ectopic pregnancy most commonly occurs in which one of the following structures

fallopian tibes

*a physiologic cyst may demonstrate internal echoes due to

fat and hemorrhage

Perihepatic inflammation ascending from a pelvic infection is called ____________ syndrome.

fitz-hugh-curtis

* which of the following cysts occur when a dominant follicle does not succeed in a ovulation but remains active although immature

follicular

Functional cysts include

follicular, corpus luteum, theca-lutein

what is a large space btw the cranial bones that have not yet fused

fontanelles

early in the disease, the clinal presentation of both PID and endometriosis may mimic which one of the following ?

functional bowel disease

*you are performing a pelvic exam on a 34yo woman for pelvic pain who is approx mid cycle. during the course of the exam you discover an anechoic mass in the vagina what is the most likely explanation

gartner duct cyst

the periventricular tissue, which may bleed before 32weeks gestation is the

germinal matrix

Adenomyosis is the

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

convolutions on the surface of the brain are called which one of the following

gyri

theca-lutein cyst are associated w/ higher levels of which one of the following hormones

hCG(human chorionic gonadotropin

46 yo female is referred for a TRVAG for LLQ pain, LMP was 28days ago. the most likely explanation for the U/S findings is

hemorrhagic cyst

on U/S the characteristic appearance of a degenerating leiomyoma is ___

heterogeneous

the primary brain vesicle. rhombencephalon, is located in which one of the following:

hindbrain

which of the following terms describes excessive hair growth in a women

hirsutism

cyclopia is associated w/ which one of the following:

holoprosencephaly

fused thalami are associated w/

holoprosencephaly

which of the following fetal head anomalies is characterized by the presence of a single primitive ventricle

holoprosencephaly

this patient presents w. high elevated hCG UT enlarge for dates, & hyperemesis image presents :

hydatidiform mole

what is defined as ventriculomegaly in the neonate; abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the cerebral ventricles, resulting in compression and frequently destruction of the brain tissue

hydrocephalus

an asymptomatic 32yo woman is diagnosed w/ a left adnexal mass on a physical exam. a hx of PID has been reported trans abdominal and Transvaginal images demonstrate an anechoic tubular structure in the left lower quadrant this finding most likely represents which one of the following

hydrosalpinx

what is the most likely diagnosis identified by the calipers on this trans abdominal pelvic sonogram

hydrosalpinx

on ultrasound, the skeletal muscle of the abdomen and pelvis appear___ compared to their surrounding structures

hypoechoic

hydrosalpinx can be described as all of the following except

hypoechoic w/ shadowing artifact

you are scanning a woman who is in her reproductive years. as you scan you notice a mass lateral the urinary bladder? you know that a large muscle is located lateral to the urinary bladder. what muscle is represented by:

iliopsoas

this statement is true regarding nabothian cyst

indicate chronic cervicitis

which one of the following statements about infertility is false

infertility affects one in three couples in the USA

the area in which the fall cerebri sits that separates the two hemispheres in which one of the following?

interhemispheric fissure

the most potentialy life threatening ectopic gestation is which one of the following?

interstitial

which one of the following is the most common site for a leiomyoma to occur?

intramural

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

involves the myometrium

which of the following is true of a dysgerminoma

is a malignant tumor that is solid and counterpart of the seminoma in the testes

which of the following statements about a pseudo gestational sac is false?

is eccentrically located within the endometrium

which of the following is not true regarding a dermoid cyst:

is the most common malignant GY tumor

clinical sign of a 32yo woman w/ a enlarged UT on a physical examination and a hx of cystic profuse and prolonged bleeding w/ increasing pain most likely represents which one of the following

leiomyoma

what is the most common UT tumor?

leiomyoma

a 53 yo post menopausal woman is referred for a pelvic Sonographer to evaluate an enlarging pelvis mass, the sonogram demonstrates a rapidly growing fibroid w/ heretogeneous appearance. what is the most likely diagnosis?

leiomyosarcoma

the thickness of the endometrium should be measured in which one of the following planes?

longitudinal

subserosal

mass lies under the serosal (outermost) layer of the uterus

the brain coverings are known as which one of the following?

meninges

recurrent mole Is treated w/ which of the following : antibiotics d&c methotrexate chemotherapy

methotrexate

sexually transmitted PID is spread via which one of the following?

mucosa

a bicornuate UT is a congenital malformation caused by incomplete fusion of which structures during embryogenesis

mullerian ducts

the most common cause of UT calcification is which one of the following ?

myomas

complications in delivery may occur with pregnancy if a fibroid is located in or near which of the following structures?

near the crx

increase risk of massive hemorrhage in an ectopic pregnancy is also called

near the uterine cornua

first trimester molar pregnancy will sono similar to all of the following except: blighted ovum degenerating fibroid hydropic placenta missed abortion normal IUP

normal IUP

findings in an ectopic pregnancy include all of the following except

normal increase of beta hCG levels

which 3 mechanism account for the development of hydrocephalus?

outflow obstruction, decrease absorption and over production

65 yo female presents w/ abdominal bloating and abdominal pain CA215 is elevated Sonog: 25cm complex adnexal mass w/ thick spetations and multiple papillary projections, ascites

ov carcinoma

which of the following pathologies may lead to an elevation of CA-125

ov carcinoma

a 17yo female represents to the ER w/ acute sever pelvic pain. U/S shows an enlarged ov w/ no color doppler flow the img is most consistent w/

ov torsion

which of the following produces the hormones estrogen and progesterone in females?

ovarian follicles

dysmenorrhea is

pain associated with menstruation

dyspareunia

painful in

Dysuria is?

painful urination

which one of the following is an infection within the UT serosa board ligament

parametritis

this type of molar pregnancy develps when two sperms fertilize an egg

partial mole

the Fallopian tubes are evaluated by a sonographic and saline examination to determine which one of the following characteristic

patency

Symmetrical bilateral pelvic masses are likely to be which one of the following a. Ovarian cysts b. Uterine fibroids c. Pelvic muscles d. Iliac vessels

pelvic muscle

inflammation of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera is which one of the following

peritonitis

the most fatal form of GTD is

placental site trophoblastic tumor

23 yo obese female presents w/ amenorrhea and hirsutism Sonograph: bilateral enlarged ov w/ multiple small cyst in the periphery go the ov

poly cystic disease

which of the following pathologies would be best likely to cause abdominal distention?

polycystic ov syndrome

what is the most likely diagnose of this ovary

polycystic ovarian disease

which one of the following disease would most likely be associated w/ hirsutism?

polycystic ovarian syndrome

arcuate artery calcifications are observed in patients who are

post menopausal

sonographic criteria for a simple ov cyst includes all of the following except:

posterior shadowing

the doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak dividing the highest systolic peak is which of the following

pourcelot resistive index

the endometrium demonstrates the 3 line sign in the

proliferative phase

If the peritoneal cavity becomes filled w/ a gelatinous ascites from a rupture mutinous tumor, its known as

pseudomyxoma perionei

malignant Ov tumors may leak mucious material. this condition is known as

pseudomyxoma peritonei

A complex adnexal mass most likely represents

pyosalpinx

which one of the following is an infection in the Fallopian tube?

salpingitis

the endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity in which one of the following

secretory

the uterine anomaly most frequent associated w/ a high incidence of infertility is a ___ UT

septate

*the uterine anomaly most frequently associated w/ a high incidence of infertility is a __ UT

septate UT

what is the name of the structure that forms b/w the corpus callous and the anterior horn or lateral ventricle

septum pellucidum

28 yr female w/ abdominal distention and irregular vag bleeding. which of the following is most consistent w/ this image

serous cystadenoma

which one of the following is the most common cause of PID

sexually transmitted disease

heterotypic preg is which one of the following

simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine preg

rick factor in pelvic inflammation disease PID include all of the following except

single sexual partner

characteristics of simple OV cyst

smooth walls, anechoic, acoustic enhancement

which one of the following techniques uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or UT tube

sonohysterography

which one of the following techniques uses a catheter into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube?

sonohysterography

Hydrometra appears sonographically as:

sonolucent fluid collection in the uterine canal

which one of the following is most likely the result of a caudotalamic grove hemorrhage?

subependymal cyst

*which one of the following locations of a fibroid will mostlikely cause heavy irregular uterine bleeding?

submucosal

which of the following is not s differential diagnosis for a TOA on US

submucosal myoma

The two ovoid brain structures located on either side of the third ventricle superior to the brainstem make up the _____.

thalami

menarche may be defined as which one of the following

the state after reaching puberty during which menses occur every 21-28 days

which one of the following statements about teh Fallopian tube us false

the tube is best seen transabd

the following pelvic sono is from a pt who has a beta hCG of 200,000 this img of the adnexa represents :

theca lutein cyst

what OV mass is commonly associated with a molar preg: dermoid cyst mutinous cystadenocarcinoma serous cystadenoma theca lutein cyst

theca lutein cyst

a mutinous cystadenoma is all of the following except

thick w. irreg walls and septations

the dermoid tumor is typically associated with which one of the following US signs

tip of the iceberg

submucosal

under the mucous membrane

Endometrial hyperplasia develops from which one of the following?

unopposed estrogen stimulation

a hyperechoic linear strand of tissue extending from one wall of the uterine cavity to the other describes which one of the following?

uterine synechiae

bicornuate uterus

uterus with two horns

periventricular leukomalacia is defined as which one of the following :

white matter necrosis

which of the following is MC associated w/ abnormal neurodevelopment in sick newborns?

white matter necrosis

risk factors for hydatidiform mole include all of the following except

women who had PID


Conjuntos de estudio relacionados

Facility Management (Final Exam)

View Set

Entrepreneurship- Unit 1: What is Entrepreneurship?

View Set

DD-Module 6 Computer Concepts PRACTICE Quiz

View Set

introduction to applied behavior analysis

View Set

Chapters 53, 54, 55: Renal and Urinary Systems

View Set