UNH NUTR400 EXAM 3

which of the following does NOT inhibit the absorption of calcium?

(Does NOT) lactose (Does) oxalates (Does) phytates (Does) Older age

All of the following statements about gastric Bypass surgery are true EXCEPT:

(F) Gastric bypass reroutes the GI Tract to bypass the Stomach (T) Bypass Surgery reduces food intake, limiting nutrient digestion and absorption. (T) The risk of developing nutritional deficiencies is greater after this procedure (T) Surgical reversal is difficult and can pose certain risks

which of the following is NOT a benefit of physical activity?

(NOT) decreases HDL (IS) lowers risk of type II diabetes (IS) prevents high blood pressure (IS) optimizes bone health

The recommended amount calcium intake per day for adults under the age of 51 is:

1000mg

Physical Activity guidelines for adults include:

150 minutes of moderate activity a week two sessions of muscle-strengthening activity a week

What level of sodium intake should be the maximum for the general population?

2300 mg/day

whcihc of the following BMI values is classified as being in the obese catagory?

30.5 (not 18.0, 22.5, or 28.0)

the DRI for folate is __________ micrograms for adults. For pregnant women, the DRI increases to __________ micrograms.

400, 600

how much mid-day sun exposure is typically enough for healthy, light-skinned individuals to produce adequate amounts of cholecalciferol.

5-30 minutes

How much vitamin D should adults under the age of 71 consume daily?

600 IU

what vitamin name is given to a series of compounds called retinoids?

A

What are the three main components of Total Energy Exposure (TEE)?

Basal Metabolism, Physical Activity, and Theremic Effect of Food

Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating blood conncentrations of ____________

Calcium

what is the most abundant mineral in the body?

Calcium

Water plays an active role in:

Chemical reactions body temperature regulation lubrication

Which of the following is/are tendencies of U.S. adults with high blood pressure?

Consume large amounts of salt are overweight smoke

which of the following methods of total body-composition analysis was used in the NUTR400 Lab?

DEXA

The movement of _______________ primarily regulates water balance within different compartments of the body.

Electrolytes

Which would lead to a stable body weight?

Energy Balance

what is the name of the process in which certain vitamins and/or minerals are added to select foods such as rice, flour, bread, and rolls in amounts suggested by the FDA?

Enrichment

True or False: A body Fat percentage of 21-25% is considered borderline obese for BOTH males and females.

False

True or False: Liver is not a very rich source of vitamin A

False

True or False: Microcytic hypochromic anemia results in red blood cells that are large and immature, interfering with oxygen transport

False

True or False: The terms disordered eating and eating disorders should be used interchangeably

False

True or False: Water recommendations are for beverages only and do not include consuming water from foods.

False

True or False: when the body needs ATP (energy) quickly during physical activity, it will utilize aerobic (oxygen-requiring) pathways.

False

true or false: when blood calcium is increased, the small intestine, kidneys, and liver make changes to reduce it.

False

True or False: Subcutaneous fat is also called intra-abdominal fat and surrounds internal organs in the abdomen

False: (is actually used for fat storage)

a person whose weight for height falls within a BMI range of 18.5-24.9 km/m2 would be considered:

Healthy Weight

what can result from too little vitamin E

Hemolytic anemia

A Trained Athlete has a ____________ VO2 max as compared to an untrained individual.

Higher

In what type of reactions are chemical bonds in a molecule broken by the addition of a water molecule?

Hydrolysis

The process of an adipocyte(fat cell) filling with lipid and increasing its cell size is called:

Hypertrophic growth

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is charactorized by an:

Irrational fear of gaining weight.

There are 3 components to a healthy weight loss program: ___________, choosinng nutritious foods in moderationn, and inncreasing ennergy expenditure,

Limiting Fat intake

In addition to calcium, phosphorous, sodium, and chloride what other major minerals to humans require?

Magnesium and Potassium

In addition to fatty fish, butter, and egg yolks, which of the following foods naturally contain(s) vitamin D

Mushrooms

what results from a vitamin c deficiency?

Night Blindness and increased risk of infection.

which mineral is a component of phospholipids

Phosphorous

What do Harris-Benedict and Mifflin St. Jeor equations not take into account when calculated?

Physical Activity Level

what are the carotenoids that can be converted in the body to vitamin A called

Provitamin A

What do Harris-Benedict and Mifflin St. Jeor equations measure?

Resting Energy Expenditure (REE)

What is inadequate bone mineralization in infants and children (resulting in "bowed" looking legs) called?

Rickets

Bleeding gums, skin irritations, bruising, poor wound healing are signs and symptoms of a condition called:

Scurvy (lack of vitamin c)

For which group of people is an additional 35 mg/day of vitamin C (beyond the RDA) recommended?

Smokers

Table salt is made from which two major minerals

Sodium and Chloride

what is Beriberi?

Thiamin Deficiency

True or False: Binge-Eating disorder (BED) is when a person engages in binging but not purging and is classified under Eating Disorderes Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)

True

True or False: Insufficient water intake can lead to dehydration.

True

True or False: Magnesium is involved in over 300 reactions but is not considered a coenzyme

True

True or False: Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant

True

True or False: When comparing two people of the same gender and weight, the person with a higher amount of lean muscle mass will have a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR)

True

True or False: all of the B-Vitamins function as co-enzymes

True

A deficiency of ___________ results is microcytic hypochromic anemia

Vitamin B6

peppers, papayas, and citrus fruits contain a very good source of:

Vitamin C

In class, what micronutrient did Dr. Monroe recommend everyone get checked at their next doctors appointment?

Vitamin D

What is the most biologically active form of vitamin E called?

a-tocopherol

Antioxidants protect us from free radicals. free radicals can be charactorized as having:

an unpaired electron

which of the following is being evaluated when one's waist circumference measurement is taken

android or central obesity

leptin is a hormone produced by the adipose(fat) tissue to help regulate weight. As adipose(fat) tissue increases, leptin increases promotinng _____________, ultimately leading to weight loss.

appetite suppression

how are minerals classified?

based on amount needed per day

If you consumed excessive amounts of raw eggs, you could develop a deficiency of which B-vitamin:

biotin

when krystal took her daughter mia to the doctor to ask why her skin had turned yellow-orange, the doctor suspected mia had devloped __________________ and asked wether she ate a lot of spinich or carrots.

carotenodemia

Vitamin K functions as a(n) ________________ in serverals reactions in the formation of blood clots

coenzyme

the major dietary contributor of calcium in the typical american diet is :

dairy products

_____________ must be present for fat soluble vitamins to be absorbed.

dietary lipids

Direct calorimetry, indirect calorimetry, and doubly-labeled water are methodologies used to determine:

energy expenditure

Training improves the muscles ability to use which of the following fuel sources?

fatty acids

which of the following makes a B12 deficiency

folate

which of the following foods are good sources of folate?

green, leafy vegetables

_____________ is when the body loses 7-10% of body weight due to sweating.

heat stroke

when making macro-nutrient recommendations to athletes, in general, carbohydrate reccommendations are ____________, protein reccomendations are_____________, and fat/lipid reccomendations are __________ as non-athletes.

higher; higher; the same

____________ is the basic physiological drive to connsume food, whereas ____________ is the phsychological desire for food.

hunger, food

What condition is characterized by decreased sodium concentration in the blood

hyponatremia

Regular physical activity helps to ___________ muscle mass an _______ body fat

increase, decrease

Ariboflavinosis is characterized by:

inflammation of the mouth and tongue (glossitis)

people taking coumadin (warfarin) have to be mindful of vitamin K intake because ___________________

it could impact the drugs effectiveness

a deficiency of folate is characterized by:

macrocytic anemia

the symptoms of __________ are often referred to as the four D's: dermatitis, dementia, diarreah, and death

pallagra

_______________ Contributes to the largest portion of sodium and chloride to the american diet

processed foods

Gastric banding involves:

reducing the size of the stomach creating a small stomach pouch

consuming large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can _________.

result in toxicities

Purging is defined as:

self enduced vomiting misuse of laxitives, diuretics, and/or enemas

similar to carotenoids, vitamin E has the primary function of:

serving as an antioxidant

which of the following major minerals function primarily in maintenance of fluid balance?

sodium, chloride, potassium

which of the following are examples of carotenoid-rich foods that dietitians recommend be consumed daily?

sweet-potatoes, carrots, cantaloupe

what type of exercise should laura do in order to achieve cardiovascular fitness?

swimming (instead of weight training, yoga, stretching)

why is it recommended that women specifically of childbearing age consume adequate folate?

to reduce the risk of neural tube defects

the inability to produce intrinsic factor protein can result in a severe ___________ deficiency.

vitamin B12

which of the following vitamins is synthesized by bacteria in our intestine?

vitamin K

What is the most abundant molecule in the body?

water