Unit 0 Test

Dr. Kerry studies the relationship between age and physical agility. Which of the following graphs shows an example of the likely strong negative correlation between these variables

(graph with the negative slope)

Dr. Ake developed a measure that asked people about how much they agreed with several statements about their subjective well-being. The participants had to choose a number between 1 and 5, with 1 meaning they strongly disagreed and 5 meaning they strongly agreed. Those who chose the number 3 were indicating that they were neutral about the statement. Which of the following identifies the type of measurement tool Dr. Ake used?

Likert scale

Luca experienced pre-birth complications, grew up with limited financial resources, and lived in a stressful environment. He later engages in criminal behavior. This pattern shows the major components of which of the following theoretical models of psychology?

Biopsychosocial

Researchers gathered information on the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in children under the age of six years from a randomly selected sample from a large nation. One type of data collected involved parents reporting about special health care needs of their children such as whether they had emotional, behavioral, or developmental delays. Children with no or low ACEs were less likely to experience developmental difficulties. Which of the following research methodologies was used in this study?

Correlational

The results of the evolutionary process that preserves traits that enhance the adaption of an organism and suppresses traits that do not is called

Natural Selection

Jane Goodall lived among wild chimpanzees intermittently for decades, studying their social and family systems while keeping her interaction with the chimpanzees to a minimum. Her research method can most accurately be described as

Naturalistic observation

Dr. Bell works with young children who need help to manage their anxiety. By following the principle of nonmalficence, which of the following is Dr. Bell doing for his clients?

Protecting them from physical and psychological harm

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?

Psychodynamic

Humanists would most likely criticize behaviorists on the grounds that behaviorism

rejects free will and focuses solely on observable experiences

A researcher is interested in determining whether an intervention designed to increase prosocial behavior could be used by people outside of their university campus. In order to yeild information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be which of the following?

representative of the population

Dr. Mayhew finds that children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing many acts of violence later show more aggressive behavior during recess than children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing no acts of violence. In the experiment, the dependent variable is

the level of aggressive behavior displayed by the children during recess

Researchers at a large university conducted a study of over 15,000 randomly selected participants that measured whether taking a multivitamin helps people over age 65 avoid dementia. Which of the following best describes why this study is likely highly generalizable?

The sample is representative of the population

Dr. Larson was interested in whether classical music helps students perform better on a test. Dr. Larson randomly assigned half of the study's participants to a group that listened to classical music while taking a test. The other half of the participants did not listen to music while taking a test. The research design Dr. Larson used is

an experiment

A. identify the research method used in the study

an experimental research method was used in this study

The table depicts the number of points a basketball player earns per game wearing certain colored socks. After the data is gathered, he develops a superstition and always wears green socks. What is the mean number of points earned when wearing green socks.

13

There is a strong positive correlation between the number of libraries in a city and higher performance on aptitude tests for students. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this correlation?

Cities with high revenue is related to both the presence of libraries and higher aptitude test scores for students

Students enrolled in an introductory psychology course want to examine the bystander effect on their campus. The students devise a study in which one of them will pretend to fall while riding a scooter. The students choose a confederate from among the group to ride the scooter. The confederate will fall at the same location when many students are present. Then, the next day, the confederate will fall at the same location when fewer students are present. After each fall, the confederate will record whether they are helped.Which of the following best represents the description of an independent variable in this study?

The number of people at the location when the confederate fell

Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of the results presented in the graph

There is a positive correlation between the number of ACEs and the number of health and developmental issues in children

A sample of pregnant women is given a high dose of caffeine daily to determine if their babies are born with an addiction to caffeine. Which of the following is an ethical issue in this study?

There is possible long-term harm to the babies

Dr. Grant is a developmental researcher at a large university who studies the effect of macrosystem variables on individual behavior. She insists that her students use clear operational definitions of the variables they are investigating. Why would Dr. Grant insist that her students do this?

To ensure that the study can be accurately replicated

Dr. Obetz is conducting an experimental study on the effectiveness of antianxiety medication. Which of the following will most likely be her independent variable?

Type of medication, because she will randomly divide participants into groups and give the groups different types of medication