Unit 1 & Unit 2 Review
What was the name of the political machine that controlled New York politics?
"Boss Tweed" was the nickname for the political machine that compelled New York politics.
What is the impact of monopoly on customers?
Customers have no choice but to buy the monopolized products so they are forced to pay high prices that they cannot afford.
What was the consequence of the Hay market Affair AND the Homestead Strike?
In the long run the labor movement became stronger and organizations such as the American Federation of Labor (AFL) were established to agitate for workers' rights.
What ended military reconstruction in the south?
The Compromise of 1877 removed military from the south. The sates regained control of politics.
What did the Credit Mobilier scandal have to do with?
The Credit Mobilier scandal had to do with the railroads.
What was the most popular area for immigrants to settle in the late 19th century?
The most common area for immigrants to settle was New York.
What was the purpose of poll taxes?
The purpose of poll taxes was to prevent African Americans from voting.
What laws(2) were passed during this period to stop business combinations (monopolies) that stopped or limited competition?
The two laws passed during this period to stop monopolies were the Sherman Anti Trust Act and the Clayton Anti Trust Act.
Give a few examples of life in the "Jim Crow" south.
-Native American assimilation -Poll taxes for African Americans
List the ideas that the Populist Party wanted to see put into laws.
-Temperance -African American rights -Women suffrage
Explain briefly what each Amendment was added to the Constitution for and it's date: a) 16th, b) 17th, c) 18th, d) 19th
16th- (February 3, 1913) allows the federal government to levy an income tax from all Americans 17th- (April 8, 1913) gives voters the power to directly elect their senators 18th- (January 16th, 1919) banned the sale and drinking of alcohol in the United States 19th- (August 18, 1920) provides men and women with equal voting rights
How did Andrew Carnegie amass a fortune?
Andrew Carnegie made a fortune though vertical integration.
Define blacklist and collective bargaining.
Blacklist- a list privately exchanged among employers, containing the names of persons to be barred from employment because of unworthiness or for holding opinions considered undesirable. Collective Bargaining- a process of negotiations between employers and the representatives of a unit of employees aimed at reaching agreements that regulate working conditions.
Describe the location of Chicago.
Chicago is in the Northeast region of the United States.
How did W.E.B Dubois want African American to get their civil rights?
Dubois believed that all black citizens should have the right to vote, and have access to education. His approach was more confrontational or aggressive.
List the ideas that Eugene Debs thought were needed to help workers get a fair wage.
Eugene V Debs was an American union leader, a labor organizer, and a socialist leader, he organized an american runway and a strike lead on of pull man company in Chicago in 1894
Harry Burn and the ratification of the 19th, how did he play a part?
Harry Burn's vote broke the tie in favor of ratifying the amendment.
How did Henry Bessemer affect industrialism?
Henry Bessemer affected industrialism thorough stock.
What is the surprise of the Federal Reserve?
It was created by the Congress to provide the nation with a safer, more flexible, and more stable monetary and financial system.
What conditions caused the tragedy of the Triangle Shirtwaist factory?
Most of the victims died as a result of neglected safety appearance and locked doors within the factory building. The failure brought widespread attention to the dangerous sweatshop surroundings of factories and attend to the increase of a series of laws and regulations that better protected the safety of workers.
Which business leader was often referred to as a "Robber Baron"?
Robber Baron was often referred to as "Robber Baron".
What is the difference between Social Darwinism and Social Gospel?
Social Darwinism was a theory that shows "survival of the fittest." Social Gospel was Christian faith practiced as a call not just to personal conversion but to social reform.
Why were some homesteaders unsuccessful?
Some homesteaders were unsuccessful because they weren't guaranteed positive results.
Who were considered "New Immigrants" in the late 1800's?
The "New Immigrants" were poor, Catholic, and Jewish. They were from Southern Europe.
What is the "perfect 36" ?
The 19th Amendment needed at least 36 states in order for it to pass. Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the 19th Amendment, making Tennessee The "Perfect 36."
How did the Homestead Act of 1862 develop the west?
The Homestead Act of 1862 helped develop the west by allowing farmers and labors to build on land.
Explain how the Sherman Anti Trust Act was weak.
The Sherman Anti Trust act was weak because there was no enforcement. The enforcement was left to the court system but the courts never acted to breakup trusts.
What president's program for the nation was known as the 'square deal' ?
The Square Deal was President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program.
How did the Transcontinental Railroad impact the buffalo?
The Transcontinental Railroad caused the buffalo to migrate and seas to exist.
How did the U.S Government assimilate Native American children?
The U.S Government assimilated Native American children by placing them in boarding schools.
What did the government hope to accomplish by selling reservation land and creating pilots for Native Americans to farm?
The U.S. Government hoped to make a profit by expanding the railroad and loaning the land.
How are the Underwood Tariff and the creation of personal income tax related?
The Underwood Tariff re-established a federal income tax in the United States and substantially lowered tariff rates.
What was the purpose of the Pendleton Act?
The act provided selection of government employees by competitive exams, rather than ties to politicians or political affiliations.
Where did late 19th century urban immigrants get help without being taken advantage of?
The immigrants received help from the settlement houses and the new immigration laws that were passed.
Explain the Newlands Reclamation ACT passed during TR's administration.
This Act aims to provide financial backing to farmers who are unable to carry out their irrigation due to financial constraints.
Who was Thomas Nast?
Thomas Nast was the illustrator of the Boss Tweed political cartoons.
List the book or article each muckraker wrote Upton Sinclair- Ida Tarbell- Lincoln Steffens-
Upton Sinclair- The Jungle Ida Tarbell- The History of the Standard Oil Company Lincoln Steffens- Tweed Days in St. Louis
Why were young children allowed to work in factories before child labor laws went into effect?
Young children were allowed to work in factories because they worked for low wages and they could fit into areas that adults couldn't.
Explain and give an example of the following: a) referendum, b) recall, c) initiative, d) secret ballot
a) referendum- a general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision b) recall- method of election in which voters can oust elected officials before their official terms have ended c) initiative- a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes d) secret ballot- a ballot in which votes are cast in secret
What industry is each city known for? a. Chicago b. Pittsburgh c. New York
a. iron/steel b. agriculture c. iron/steel