Unit 1 Exam: ANTH 2351

An increasing number of anthropologists began to study the world around through the lens of political economy, beginning in the:

Answer: 1960s

Socio-cultural integration includes:

Band, tribe, chiefdom, and state Band: is the smallest unit of political organization, consisting of only a few families and no formal leadership positions. Tribe: have larger populations but are organized around family ties and have fluid or shifting or shifting systems of temporary leadership. Chiefdom: are large political units in which the chief, who usually is determined by heredity, holds a formal position of power. States: are the most complex form of political organization and are characterized by a central government.

Cultural rules emphasizing the need to marry within a culture group are known as:

Endogamy

In societies, such as the Sambia of New Guinea, even when married couples occupy the same house, the space within the house is divided into male and female areas.

False "In some societies, such as the Sambia of New Guinea, even when married couples occupy the same house, the space within the house is divided into male and female areas

cultural anthropologist always agree on what culture is

False Cultural anthropologists themselves do not always agree on what culture

______________ is the most important method by which cultural anthropologists gather data to answer their research questions.

Fieldwork

The economy can be understood as a symbolic reflection of the cultural order and the sense of right and wrong that people adhere to within that cultural order.

True

The first known system of codified law was enacted under the warrior king Hammurabi in Babylon (present day Iraq )

True

The holistic perspective of anthropology helps us to appreciate that our culture, language, and physical and cognitive capacities for language are interrelated in complex ways.

True

Tylor's definition of culture was influenced by the popular theories and philosophies of his time, including the work of Charles Darwin.

True

cultural anthropologist focus on the way beliefs, practices, and symbols bind groups of people together and shape their worldview and lifeways

True

redistribution is defined as the accumulation of goods or labor by a particular person or institution for the purpose of dispersal at a later date

True

By definition, cultural relativism is the idea that we should:

set aside our innate ethnocentric views in order to allow cultural relativism to guide our inquiries and interactions such that we can lean from others.

The definition of ethnocentrism is the tendency to view one's own culture as most important and correct and as the stick by which to measure all other cultures.

True

All societies have gender ideologies, just as they have belief systems about other significant areas of life, such as:

-Health and disease -the natural world -social relationship (including family)

The cultural characteristic used to define ethnic groups vary; they include:

-Specific Languages spoken -religion practiced -distinct patterns of dress, diet, customs, holidays, and other markers of distinction

The four modes of subsistence are:

-foraging -pastoralism -horticulture -agriculture

Culture is a powerful defining characteristic of human groups that shapes:

-perceptions, -behaviors -relationships

Select the structures of language:

-phonology -lexicon -morphology

Going native means to become fully integrated into a cultural group:

-taking leadership positions and assuming key roles in society -entering into a marriage or spousal contract -exploring sexuality or fully participating in rituals

Stories are told in every culture for various reasons. Why?

-teach a moral lesson to young children

Cultures also change over time through internal and external forces such as:

-trade -conquest -coloninialism -globalization =-

anthropologist of all the subfields use comparison to learn what humans

-what human have in common -how we differ -how we change

A subsistence system is the set of practices used by members of a society to acquire food.

True

All human cultures have a human language and use it to communicate.

True

Anthropology offers valuable information to the public regarding ethnic issues, as anthropological knowledge encourages individuals to "think outside the box" about race and ethnicity.

True

Cross-culturally it does seem to be the case that in matrilineal societies women tend to have more freedom to make decisions about to sex and marriage

True

Cultural anthropologists play a crucial role in informing the public how the concept of race originated, how racial categories have shifted over time, how race and ethnicity are constructed differently within various nations across the world, and how the current racial and ethnic categories utilized in the United States were arbitrarily labeled and defined by the federal government under OMB Directive 15 in 1977.

True

The definition of holism is taking a broad view of the historical, environmental, and cultural foundations of behavior

True

Different types of data produce different kinds of:

ethnographic descriptions