Unit 1 Quiz 1

Adam Smith

"father of modern economics" who believed the state and mankind entered into a relationship

force theory

states created by war; rule of the strong over the weak Divine Right of Kings theory

Social Contract Theory

the state's power limited by the people; formed the framework for American government

socialism

was a reaction to capitalism

Sovereignty

Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.

unitary gov 1

All political power is concentrated in a centralized government.

direct democracy

People participate in this through initiatives, referendums, and recalls.

true

The U.S. legislative and executive branches check each other's power.

Totalitarianism

This form of government controls every aspect of an individual's life.

Depotism

This form of government has an absolute ruler who only looks out for himself and reigns as a tyrant.

liberal democracy

This form of government literally means "rule of the people.

feudalism

This form of government was based on ownership of land and a social class system.

absolute monarchy

This hereditary ruler governed by divine right

Mercantilism

an early economic system that gave the government strict control over business

Laissez-faire

an economic system without government interference

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

argued for the communist theory with the publication of The Communist Manifesto

Montesquieu 2

argued for the principle of a separation of powers that later became the framework for the American Constitution

Divine Right of Kings theory

authority based on inherent right from God Social Contract theory

free enterprise (capitalism)

grew out of and closely subscribes to the laissez-faire system

Karl Marx

man most associated with the socialist theory

evolutionary gov theory

over time, the state developed from the family unit into clans, then into tribes, and finally into states

Thomas Hobbes

philosopher who believed man would forfeit his personal rights and subject himself to a sovereign state for his self-preservation

John Locke

philosopher who believed people would be willing to forfeit some of their rights while requiring the state to honor both civil and natural rights

Plato

philosopher who believed philosophers were the only ones who could create an ideal state

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

philosopher who saw the relationship between government and mankind as a reciprocal agreement where the state committed to mankind and mankind committed to the good of the state

unitary gov 2

Decisions can be made more quickly

Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

French bishop who advocated the divine right of kings theory

confederate gov

If a portion of the population disagrees with the policies of a government, the people can weaken the central government's power.

Presidental

In a ___ form of government only the legislature makes the laws, and the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people.

Parlimentary

In a ___ form of government, the legislature selects the leader of the executive branch and may recall him at any time

natural law

Natural rights, which have always existed and apply to everyone, came from ___.

federal gov

Political power is shared between independent central and state governments.

unitary gov 3

State governments within a country are more powerful than the central government

Constitution

Which answer is NOT a characteristic a state must have in order to exist?

federal form of government

Which answer is NOT a specific characteristic of a free-enterprise system?

tribal councils

Which of these was the first primitive form of government?

Montesquieu

Which person did NOT contribute a social contract theory?

Communism

grew out of socialism but differed by seeking to control all areas of society