Unit 1 Quiz 1
Adam Smith
"father of modern economics" who believed the state and mankind entered into a relationship
force theory
states created by war; rule of the strong over the weak Divine Right of Kings theory
Social Contract Theory
the state's power limited by the people; formed the framework for American government
socialism
was a reaction to capitalism
Sovereignty
Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.
unitary gov 1
All political power is concentrated in a centralized government.
direct democracy
People participate in this through initiatives, referendums, and recalls.
true
The U.S. legislative and executive branches check each other's power.
Totalitarianism
This form of government controls every aspect of an individual's life.
Depotism
This form of government has an absolute ruler who only looks out for himself and reigns as a tyrant.
liberal democracy
This form of government literally means "rule of the people.
feudalism
This form of government was based on ownership of land and a social class system.
absolute monarchy
This hereditary ruler governed by divine right
Mercantilism
an early economic system that gave the government strict control over business
Laissez-faire
an economic system without government interference
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
argued for the communist theory with the publication of The Communist Manifesto
Montesquieu 2
argued for the principle of a separation of powers that later became the framework for the American Constitution
Divine Right of Kings theory
authority based on inherent right from God Social Contract theory
free enterprise (capitalism)
grew out of and closely subscribes to the laissez-faire system
Karl Marx
man most associated with the socialist theory
evolutionary gov theory
over time, the state developed from the family unit into clans, then into tribes, and finally into states
Thomas Hobbes
philosopher who believed man would forfeit his personal rights and subject himself to a sovereign state for his self-preservation
John Locke
philosopher who believed people would be willing to forfeit some of their rights while requiring the state to honor both civil and natural rights
Plato
philosopher who believed philosophers were the only ones who could create an ideal state
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
philosopher who saw the relationship between government and mankind as a reciprocal agreement where the state committed to mankind and mankind committed to the good of the state
unitary gov 2
Decisions can be made more quickly
Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
French bishop who advocated the divine right of kings theory
confederate gov
If a portion of the population disagrees with the policies of a government, the people can weaken the central government's power.
Presidental
In a ___ form of government only the legislature makes the laws, and the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people.
Parlimentary
In a ___ form of government, the legislature selects the leader of the executive branch and may recall him at any time
natural law
Natural rights, which have always existed and apply to everyone, came from ___.
federal gov
Political power is shared between independent central and state governments.
unitary gov 3
State governments within a country are more powerful than the central government
Constitution
Which answer is NOT a characteristic a state must have in order to exist?
federal form of government
Which answer is NOT a specific characteristic of a free-enterprise system?
tribal councils
Which of these was the first primitive form of government?
Montesquieu
Which person did NOT contribute a social contract theory?
Communism
grew out of socialism but differed by seeking to control all areas of society