Unit 10: Classification Unit Review

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carolous linnaeus

"Father of Taxonomy" who developed binomial nomenclature created a classification system. taxonomy

Kingdom Protista

Eukaryotic organisms that are varied. They can be unicellular or multicellular. They are plant-like, animal-like & fungi-like. Some are producers & some are consumers.

Kingdom plants

Eukaryotic organisms with these characteristics cell wall with cellulose, multicellular, Mostly sexual reproduction, autotrophs

Kingdom Animal

Eukaryotic organisms with these characteristics no cell wall, multicellular, heterotroph, mostly sexual reproduction.

Kingdom Fungi

Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that have a cell wall made of chitin. They have one unicellular member, yeast, and rest are multicellular. Both asexual and sexual reproduction.

Kingdom Animal

Examples can include fish, birds, reptiles, insects, mammals

Kingdom plants

Fern is an example

Consumers

Heterotrophs

6 Kingdoms

Kingdom Eubacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom plantae Kingdom Animalia

fungi

Kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter

Plantae

Kingdom made of multicellular eukaryotes that are all autotrophic. Identifying features include chloroplasts and cell walls made from cellulose

Archaebacteria

Kingdom of microscopic prokaryotes that live in extreme environments (hot springs, thermal vents, stomach acid, briney salt seas, and ice) and have cell walls with no peptidoglycans

Fungi

Kingdom of mostly multicellular eukaryotes, all heterotrophic, with cell wall made of the carbohydrate polymer chitin.

Protista

Kingdom of mostly unicellular microscopic eukaryotes, heterotrophs and autotrophs, frequently without cell walls.

Animalia

Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotes that are all heterotrophic. Mostly large organisms, all of which have no cell walls.

eubacteria

Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan

KPCOFGS

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

seven levels of classification

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (broadest to specific)

Homeostasis

Maintaining stable internal conditions, such as temperature

Cell wall material for Archaebacteria

NOT peptidoglycan

scientific name

The name given to each species, consisting of its genus and its species label

Yeast

The one member of the kingdom Fungi that is unicellular and has asexual reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

The reproduction process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent

Sexual Reproduction

The reproductive process that involves two parents who combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents

Taxonomy

The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms

Cell wall

The structure OUTSIDE the cell membrane for support, protection, shape of cell

Animalia and Fungi

These two kingdoms consist entirely of multicellular heterotrophs that are usually large enough to see with the naked eye.

Plantae and Protista

These two kingdoms consist partly or entirely of eukaryotic autotrophs with cell walls made of cellulose.

Fungi and Plantae

These two kingdoms contain largely multicellular eukaryotes that all have cell walls

Bacteria

This kingdom contains microscopic, unicellular prokaryotes that live almost everywhere. Their identifying feature, besides lack of a nucleus, is the presence of peptidoglycan in their cell walls

Binomial nomenclature

Two name name

Cell wall material for protist

Varies upon the type of protist

Protista

What Kingdom has... Amoeba

Animalia

What Kingdom has... Dog

Eubacteria

What Kingdom has... E. coli

Plantae

What Kingdom has... Ferns

Animalia

What Kingdom has... Fish

Plantae

What Kingdom has... Flower

Archaebacteria

What Kingdom has... Halophiles (live in extremely salty areas)

Fungi

What Kingdom has... Mold

Fungi

What Kingdom has... Mushrooms

Protista

What Kingdom has... Paramecium

Animalia

What Kingdom has... Worms

Fungi

What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Mostly Multicellular, some unicellular, Heterotrophic. Ex. Mushrooms--Multi, Yeast--Unicellular.

Protista

What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Mostly Unicellular, some Multicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Ex.. Euglena, Algae, Paramecium.

Plantae

What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Ex. Trees, grasses, flowers, vegetables.

Animalia

What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Heterotrophic. Ex. dogs, cats, lions.

Eubacteria

What kingdom is... Prokaryotic, Unicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Found in most places.

Archaebacteria

What kingdom is... Prokaryotic, Unicellular, Autotrophic. Live in hot or salty or methane gas areas.

Hybrid

When two closely related species mate producing offspring that are hybrids. They are unable to reproduce therefore not a true species.

Kingdom Protista

eukaryotic organism that have members that are unicellular and multicellular, autotrophic and heterotrophic, and have asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Kingdom Fungi

examples include yeast and mushrooms

Animal

kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls

archaebacteria

kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes A group of microorganisms whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan and that typically live in extremely harsh environments.

kingdom

large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla. Example Animalia

Cell wall material for Eubacteria

peptidoglycan

dichotomous key

step by step approach to identify an organism using a series of paired descriptions

Taxonomy

the science of classifying organisms hierarchically based on their similarities.

Archaebacteria and Bacteria

these two kingdoms contain unicellular, microscopic organisms that have cell walls and ribsosomes, but lack a nuclear membrane and have no other organelles.

Binomial nomenclature

universal two-word Latin name for an organism that includes genus and species. System invented by Carolus Linneaus in the 1700s.

Dichotomous key

used to identify the species of an organisms based on choices between two sets of physical characteristics

Binomial nomenclature

wo part naming system that involves a genus & species parts. Genus is capitalized & species is not. The name is in Latin & is either in italics or underlined.

6 kingdom System

All living things are grouped into these 6 kingdoms .

Invertebrate

An animal that does not have a backbone

Vertebrates

An animal that has a backbone

Autotroph

An organism that can make its own food

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food

heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food.

Multicellular

An organism that is made of many cells

Unicellular

An organism that is made of one cell

autotroph

An organism that makes its own food

Prokaryote

An organism whose cells do not have a nucleus

Eukaryote

An organism whose cells have a nucleus

Cell wall material for animal

Animals DO NOT have cell walls

classification

Assignment of objects or people to categories on the basis of shared characteristics.

Producers

Autotrophs

Cell wall material for plants

Cellulose

Cellular Respiration

Chemical process used by all organisms to convert sugar into A TO, cell enemy.

photosynthesis

Chemical process used by plants & algae to convert sunlight into sugar.

binomial nomenclature

Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name

Carl Linnaeus

Developed the classification system we use today. Also developed the scientific naming system for living things.

Cladogram (Branching Tree)

Diagram showing relationships among organisms that descended from a common ancestor

Three Domains

Domain Bacteria = contains Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Archaea = contains Kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Eukarya = contains kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals

Classification System

Domain Kingdom phylum class order Family Genus Species

Plantae

-eukaryote -cell wall w/cellulose -multicellular -autrotroph -reproduces sexually -live everywhere

Fungi

-eukaryote -cell wall w/chitin -multicellular -heterotroph (by absorption) -sexual or asexual reproduction -live in forest, yards, inside animals

Protista

-eukaryote -may or may not have a cell wall -may be unicellular or multicellular -autotroph or heterotroph -sexual or asexual reproduction -live everywhere

Animalia

-eukaryote -no cell wall -multicellular -heterotroph -reproduces sexually -live everywhere

Bacteria

-prokaryote -cell wall w/peptidoglycan -unicellular -autotroph or heterotroph -asexual reproduction -live everywhere

Archaebacteria

-prokaryote -cell wall with peptidoglycan -unicellular -autotrophs or heterotrophs -axexual reproduction -live in extreme environments

species

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

genus

A group of similar species

Taxa

A group within the taxonomic system. Ex. Kingdom is a Taxa

Domains

A system that groups all like into 3 groups based on cell type.

eukaryote

A type of organism composed of one or more cells containing a membrane‐bound nucleus, specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, and a mitotic nuclear division cycle.

prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Prokaryote

Organism that does not have a nucleus

Eukaryote

Organism that has a nucleus

heterotrophs

Organisms that CANNOT make their own food

Multicellular

Organisms that are made of more than one cell.

unicellular

Organisms that are made of one cell

Autotroph

Organisms that can make their own food

Asexual Reproduction

Organisms that reproduce from one parent and offspring are genetically the same as the parent.

Kingdom Archaebacteria

Prokaryotic organisms that are known as ancient bacteria. They live in extreme environment s

Kingdom eubacteria

Prokaryotic organisms that live everywhere on Earth. Some are pathogens & some are harmless

Sexual reproduction

Reproduction that involves two parents that exchange DNA using sperm and egg. Offspring are NOT like the parents.

branching diagram

Shows the similarities and differences between organisms shared characteristics

Plant

a classification kingdom made up of eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that have cell walls made mostly of cellulose, that have pigments that absorb light, and that supply energy and oxygen to themselves and to other life-forms through photosynthesis Eukaryote, multicellular, autrotrophs, cell walls are made of cellulose, and producers

species

a group of organisms that are the same, and that can interbreed and have successful offspring

protist

a kingdom of unicellular living organisms that are neither animals nor plants; includes some groups of algae, slime molds and protozoa

Cell wall material for fungi

chitin


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