Unit 10: Classification Unit Review
carolous linnaeus
"Father of Taxonomy" who developed binomial nomenclature created a classification system. taxonomy
Kingdom Protista
Eukaryotic organisms that are varied. They can be unicellular or multicellular. They are plant-like, animal-like & fungi-like. Some are producers & some are consumers.
Kingdom plants
Eukaryotic organisms with these characteristics cell wall with cellulose, multicellular, Mostly sexual reproduction, autotrophs
Kingdom Animal
Eukaryotic organisms with these characteristics no cell wall, multicellular, heterotroph, mostly sexual reproduction.
Kingdom Fungi
Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that have a cell wall made of chitin. They have one unicellular member, yeast, and rest are multicellular. Both asexual and sexual reproduction.
Kingdom Animal
Examples can include fish, birds, reptiles, insects, mammals
Kingdom plants
Fern is an example
Consumers
Heterotrophs
6 Kingdoms
Kingdom Eubacteria Kingdom Archaebacteria Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom plantae Kingdom Animalia
fungi
Kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter
Plantae
Kingdom made of multicellular eukaryotes that are all autotrophic. Identifying features include chloroplasts and cell walls made from cellulose
Archaebacteria
Kingdom of microscopic prokaryotes that live in extreme environments (hot springs, thermal vents, stomach acid, briney salt seas, and ice) and have cell walls with no peptidoglycans
Fungi
Kingdom of mostly multicellular eukaryotes, all heterotrophic, with cell wall made of the carbohydrate polymer chitin.
Protista
Kingdom of mostly unicellular microscopic eukaryotes, heterotrophs and autotrophs, frequently without cell walls.
Animalia
Kingdom of multicellular eukaryotes that are all heterotrophic. Mostly large organisms, all of which have no cell walls.
eubacteria
Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan
KPCOFGS
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
seven levels of classification
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (broadest to specific)
Homeostasis
Maintaining stable internal conditions, such as temperature
Cell wall material for Archaebacteria
NOT peptidoglycan
scientific name
The name given to each species, consisting of its genus and its species label
Yeast
The one member of the kingdom Fungi that is unicellular and has asexual reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
The reproduction process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
Sexual Reproduction
The reproductive process that involves two parents who combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Taxonomy
The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms
Cell wall
The structure OUTSIDE the cell membrane for support, protection, shape of cell
Animalia and Fungi
These two kingdoms consist entirely of multicellular heterotrophs that are usually large enough to see with the naked eye.
Plantae and Protista
These two kingdoms consist partly or entirely of eukaryotic autotrophs with cell walls made of cellulose.
Fungi and Plantae
These two kingdoms contain largely multicellular eukaryotes that all have cell walls
Bacteria
This kingdom contains microscopic, unicellular prokaryotes that live almost everywhere. Their identifying feature, besides lack of a nucleus, is the presence of peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Binomial nomenclature
Two name name
Cell wall material for protist
Varies upon the type of protist
Protista
What Kingdom has... Amoeba
Animalia
What Kingdom has... Dog
Eubacteria
What Kingdom has... E. coli
Plantae
What Kingdom has... Ferns
Animalia
What Kingdom has... Fish
Plantae
What Kingdom has... Flower
Archaebacteria
What Kingdom has... Halophiles (live in extremely salty areas)
Fungi
What Kingdom has... Mold
Fungi
What Kingdom has... Mushrooms
Protista
What Kingdom has... Paramecium
Animalia
What Kingdom has... Worms
Fungi
What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Mostly Multicellular, some unicellular, Heterotrophic. Ex. Mushrooms--Multi, Yeast--Unicellular.
Protista
What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Mostly Unicellular, some Multicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Ex.. Euglena, Algae, Paramecium.
Plantae
What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Ex. Trees, grasses, flowers, vegetables.
Animalia
What kingdom is... Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Heterotrophic. Ex. dogs, cats, lions.
Eubacteria
What kingdom is... Prokaryotic, Unicellular, Autotrophic & Heterotrophic. Found in most places.
Archaebacteria
What kingdom is... Prokaryotic, Unicellular, Autotrophic. Live in hot or salty or methane gas areas.
Hybrid
When two closely related species mate producing offspring that are hybrids. They are unable to reproduce therefore not a true species.
Kingdom Protista
eukaryotic organism that have members that are unicellular and multicellular, autotrophic and heterotrophic, and have asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.
Kingdom Fungi
examples include yeast and mushrooms
Animal
kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls
archaebacteria
kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes A group of microorganisms whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan and that typically live in extremely harsh environments.
kingdom
large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla. Example Animalia
Cell wall material for Eubacteria
peptidoglycan
dichotomous key
step by step approach to identify an organism using a series of paired descriptions
Taxonomy
the science of classifying organisms hierarchically based on their similarities.
Archaebacteria and Bacteria
these two kingdoms contain unicellular, microscopic organisms that have cell walls and ribsosomes, but lack a nuclear membrane and have no other organelles.
Binomial nomenclature
universal two-word Latin name for an organism that includes genus and species. System invented by Carolus Linneaus in the 1700s.
Dichotomous key
used to identify the species of an organisms based on choices between two sets of physical characteristics
Binomial nomenclature
wo part naming system that involves a genus & species parts. Genus is capitalized & species is not. The name is in Latin & is either in italics or underlined.
6 kingdom System
All living things are grouped into these 6 kingdoms .
Invertebrate
An animal that does not have a backbone
Vertebrates
An animal that has a backbone
Autotroph
An organism that can make its own food
Heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food
heterotroph
An organism that cannot make its own food.
Multicellular
An organism that is made of many cells
Unicellular
An organism that is made of one cell
autotroph
An organism that makes its own food
Prokaryote
An organism whose cells do not have a nucleus
Eukaryote
An organism whose cells have a nucleus
Cell wall material for animal
Animals DO NOT have cell walls
classification
Assignment of objects or people to categories on the basis of shared characteristics.
Producers
Autotrophs
Cell wall material for plants
Cellulose
Cellular Respiration
Chemical process used by all organisms to convert sugar into A TO, cell enemy.
photosynthesis
Chemical process used by plants & algae to convert sunlight into sugar.
binomial nomenclature
Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name
Carl Linnaeus
Developed the classification system we use today. Also developed the scientific naming system for living things.
Cladogram (Branching Tree)
Diagram showing relationships among organisms that descended from a common ancestor
Three Domains
Domain Bacteria = contains Kingdom Eubacteria Domain Archaea = contains Kingdom Archaebacteria Domain Eukarya = contains kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plants, Animals
Classification System
Domain Kingdom phylum class order Family Genus Species
Plantae
-eukaryote -cell wall w/cellulose -multicellular -autrotroph -reproduces sexually -live everywhere
Fungi
-eukaryote -cell wall w/chitin -multicellular -heterotroph (by absorption) -sexual or asexual reproduction -live in forest, yards, inside animals
Protista
-eukaryote -may or may not have a cell wall -may be unicellular or multicellular -autotroph or heterotroph -sexual or asexual reproduction -live everywhere
Animalia
-eukaryote -no cell wall -multicellular -heterotroph -reproduces sexually -live everywhere
Bacteria
-prokaryote -cell wall w/peptidoglycan -unicellular -autotroph or heterotroph -asexual reproduction -live everywhere
Archaebacteria
-prokaryote -cell wall with peptidoglycan -unicellular -autotrophs or heterotrophs -axexual reproduction -live in extreme environments
species
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
genus
A group of similar species
Taxa
A group within the taxonomic system. Ex. Kingdom is a Taxa
Domains
A system that groups all like into 3 groups based on cell type.
eukaryote
A type of organism composed of one or more cells containing a membrane‐bound nucleus, specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, and a mitotic nuclear division cycle.
prokaryote
A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Prokaryote
Organism that does not have a nucleus
Eukaryote
Organism that has a nucleus
heterotrophs
Organisms that CANNOT make their own food
Multicellular
Organisms that are made of more than one cell.
unicellular
Organisms that are made of one cell
Autotroph
Organisms that can make their own food
Asexual Reproduction
Organisms that reproduce from one parent and offspring are genetically the same as the parent.
Kingdom Archaebacteria
Prokaryotic organisms that are known as ancient bacteria. They live in extreme environment s
Kingdom eubacteria
Prokaryotic organisms that live everywhere on Earth. Some are pathogens & some are harmless
Sexual reproduction
Reproduction that involves two parents that exchange DNA using sperm and egg. Offspring are NOT like the parents.
branching diagram
Shows the similarities and differences between organisms shared characteristics
Plant
a classification kingdom made up of eukaryotic, multicellular organisms that have cell walls made mostly of cellulose, that have pigments that absorb light, and that supply energy and oxygen to themselves and to other life-forms through photosynthesis Eukaryote, multicellular, autrotrophs, cell walls are made of cellulose, and producers
species
a group of organisms that are the same, and that can interbreed and have successful offspring
protist
a kingdom of unicellular living organisms that are neither animals nor plants; includes some groups of algae, slime molds and protozoa
Cell wall material for fungi
chitin
