Unit 10 US History
1973-74 OPEC Oil Embargo v. US
(Organization of Petroleum Countries) News Today 2022
What is the Environmental Protection Agency? (EPA)
*Founded by the US government under Richard Nixon in 1970. *Williams Ruckleshaus was the first EPA administrator
Reagan's International Doctrine
"Peace Through Strength".. Strong military deter aggression v. US Allies
What era do you need to think for this unit?
1970-1990
policy to include groupd based on race, gender, etc...
Affirmative Action
What did George Washington want for America?
Before Retiring in 1796, in his farewell addres, he said Avoid debt Avoid alliances Avoid political parties
What was the Berlin Wall?
Berlin Wall built to separate East and West Germany Became a universal symbol of the Cold War Built by East Germany (with Soviet backing) in 1961 to stop East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin.
What was America scared of in the 70s?
Communist spread. It is the #1 enemy of democracy. Red SCARE
What is the Moral Majority?
Conservative groups formed the conservative coalition- an alliance of business leaders, middle-class voters, disaffected Democrats, and Christian groups. Evangelical Christianity played a key role in the growing conservative coalition. The MOral Majority was formed- Christians who believed in absolute standards of right and wrong, and argued for the restoration of traditional moral values/family values.
MOST lasting legacy of Reagan to show the end of the Cold War
Demand Berlin Wall 1989 torn down
What are the pros of Reaganomics?
Ecomomicly positive
What are the Characteristics of Unit 10?
From 1970- 1990, the US had increasing involvement in international affairs, especially with China. . There was presence in the middleeast. They wanted to become more conservatism. There was a rise of inflation and unemployment int eh 1970s. Ronald Reagan created Reaganomics in the 1980s.
GAIT
General Agreement of Tariffs + Trade
Who were the 38th and 39th presidents of the United States?
Gerald Ford and James (Jimmy) Earl Carter.
What was the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in 1964?
In 1964, Lyndon B Johnson needed a dramatic event to escalate the war. Acutal or under confusing circmstances, USS MAddox in the Gulf og Tonkin radioed they were under attack from torpedo boats. Congress responded the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution which gave Lyndon Johnson broad powers to defend Vietnam at any cost.
What was the Wars Powers Act of 1973?
In November 1973, Congress passed the War Powers Act over the veto of President Nixon. THe law helped reverse the president set by the Gulf of Tonking resolution, which gave the president sweeping powers in Vietnam.
Scandal: illegal sale of weapons to Iran
Iran-Contra Affair 1986
Reagan Shot in CHest
John W. Hinkley. Jr.. (Not guilty by reason of insanity)
What will the US not do with terrorists?
Negotiate
Rush belt
New York through midwest declined manufacturing 1980 increase unemployment, decline pop. decline industry/economy
Investigation revealed a cover up/ arranged by President
Nixon resignation in 1974
What are is the similarities of 2022 and the 80s?
No Government + Inflation + Confuse conflict
NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement
How does the public or people view the government?
People have a lack of trust in the US government
Iran-Contra Affair 1986
Political Scandal- illegal sale of weapons to Iran & using money from sales to illegally support rebels group (contra) in Nicaragua. Started with convert sale of weapons to Iran via Isreal in exchange for release of American hostages held by an Iranian- supported terrorist group in Lebanon despite a Congressional embargo on such sales. US sells weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages, US overcharges for the weapons US sends the extra money to Contras in Nicaragua illegally. Contras are battling against leftist regime
What was put into place for th economy in the 80s?
Reaganomics
What are the 4 pillars of Reaganomics?
Reduce government spending (9Except Defense Spending) Reduce income and capital gains marginal tax rates Reduce government regulation Control the money supply to reduce inflation
Domestic Policy in 80s
Reganomics reduce government taxes, spend and regulation, control $$ to reduce infiltration
What is the trickle-down theory?
Rich gain more wealth Investment creates jobs and higher spending increased demand From the jobs that were created, lower skilled workers gain higher pay, and tax revenues are increased. From Higher spending increased demand, tax revenues are increased, and multiplier effect of increased spending.
What was prominent by the end of the 70s?
Rise of inflation and unemployment. Economy was bad.
Supreme Court Case
Roe v Wade 1972
Who was the 40th president of the United States?
Ronald Reagan
What 3 principles does the War Cares act have?
This act includes 1. President must notify congress within 48 hours of sending troops into a foreign country. 2. The president had to bring troops home withing 60 days unless both houses of Congress vote for them to stay. 3. Congress has the power to force the President to bring troopers home.
Constitutional crisis pver Exectutive privilege
This allows Pres. & Advisors to refuse to produce documents/testimony to the Legislative branch.
Election of 1972
Watergate Affair (Limited Government/"Rule of Law")
1973 Burglary in the Democratic Headquaters in
Watergate Hotel
Conservstism
advocating for tradition and limited changes
Liberalism
changes everything to ensure individual rights and freedom for all
Scandal of the Watergate caused Ameriican attitudes to
doubt/ not trust our government...still today
Detente
greatest achievement in foreign policy- decrease tensions/help open trade Communications between US-China 1972 "Red SCARE" (Russian end Democracy)
Reaganomics
ideas/economic policies (reduce information)
SALT I Treaty (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)
met w/ Soviet Leader Leonid Brezhnev agreed to stop the buildup of nuclear weapons and reduce anti- ballistic missiles to 200 each
OPEC
organization of petroleum exporting countries
Normalization
relations between countries
Vietnam War 1955- 1975
stop spread of Communism
Beijing is
the capital of China where the picture of Richard Nixon and the leader of China called Mao Zedong
