UNIT 1,2,3

What is meant by the term autosomal? a. Trait is not carried on the sex chromosomes b. Trait is carried on sex chromosomes c. Trait is not expressed in the parents d. Organism possesses different alleles for a given characteristic

A

A father carries the Xga trait and passes it on to all of his daughters but none of his sons. What type of inheritance does this represent? a. Autosomal dominant c. X-linked recessive b. X-linked dominant d. Autosomal recessive

B

Which of the following best describes classical genetics? a. DNA alteration that is caused by a physical or chemical agent b. Transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring c. Possessing a pair of identical alleles d. The synthesis of RNA from DNA requiring RNA polymerase

B

20. The diploid chromosome number in humans is: a. 12 c. 46 b. 23 d. 92

C

A structural alteration of DNA in an organism that is caused by a physical or chemical agent is called: a. transcription. c. mutation. b. translation. d. cloning.

C

A triple set of nucleotides is a: a. helix. c. codon. b. base. d. template

C

All of the following processes occur in replication, except: a. the two DNA strands separate via helicase. b. DNA polymerase acts on the 5' to 3' parent strand to produce an anticomplementary duplicate strand. c. DNA polymerase acts on the 3' to 5' parent strand to produce an anticomplementary duplicate strand. d. replication of the 3' to 5' parent strand is initiated by the enzyme primase, which anneals to the parent strand

C

What is a vector? a. Substance capable of catalyzing a reaction b. Sequence of three bases in a strand of DNA c. Extrachromosomal genetic element that can carry a recombinant DNA molecule into a host bacterial cell d. Substance that can carry an electric current in solution

C

When 1,000 donors were tested, 75% were positive for C and 25% were negative for C; the gene frequency of C is: a. 10. c. 0.5 b. 1. d. 25

C

When an individual is said to have blood group A, it refers to the individual's: a. alleles on the chromosome. c. phenotype. b. genotype. d. haplotype

C

Which of the following best describes the process of mitosis? a. Cell division by which only one-half of the daughter cells produced are identical to the parent cell b. Cell division of germ cells by which two successive divisions of the nucleus produce cells that contain half the number of chromosomes of somatic cells c. Cell division that produces two daughter cells having the same number of chromosomes as the parent d. Cell division that produces four daughter cells (4n)

C

Which type of genetic change (mutation) is incapable of reverting back to the original phenotype? a. Duplication c. Recombination b. Deletion d. Insertion

C

All of the following may cause an alteration in DNA, except: a. ultraviolet light. c. antibodies. b. alkylating agents. d. enzymes.

D

A gene, such as the O gene, that produces no detectable product is called: a. an amorph. c. an allele. b. a trait. d. recessive.

A

All of the following are included in transcription except: a. mRNA terminates at the 5' end. b. RNA polymerase II binds to a promoter. c. it proceeds from the 3' end to the 5' end. d. the 5' end is capped with a methyl residue.

A

How is it genetically possible for a child to type Rh-negative? a. Both parents are Dd. c. Mom is DD and Dad is Dd. b. Both parents are DD. d. Sibling is Rh-positive.

A

How many chromosomes do somatic cells of humans have? a. 46 c. 23 b. 50 d. 100

A

In what stage of mitosis is DNA not actively dividing? a. Interphase c. Metaphase b. Prophase d. Anaphase

A

In a pedigree analysis, what do vertical lines indicate? a. Consanguineous mating c. Stillbirth b. Offspring d. Deceased sibling

B

The two strands of DNA are: _________; one runs in a 5' to 3' direction, and the other runs in a 3' to 5' direction. a. parallel c. somatic b. antiparallel d. zigzag

B

Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation, if a total random population carried the dominant allele E and 20% carried the recessive allele e, what would the total percentage be for the recessive trait ee? a. 64% c. 16% b. 4% d. 0.4%

B

A human gamete (egg or sperm) contains how many chromosomes? a. 23 pairs c. 23 chromosomes b. 46 pairs d. 46 chromosome

C

Alternate forms of a gene that can occur at a single chromosome locus are referred to as: a. amorphs. c. alleles. b. traits. d. recessive

C

How do restriction endonucleases function? a. Disrupt hydrogen bonding in DNA structure b. Promote digestion of RNA c. Cut DNA into smaller fragments d. Terminate translation of mRNA

C

In Mendel's law of separation, the first-filial generation is: a. recessive. c. heterozygous. b. homozygous. d. autologous

C

In the MN blood group system, a person who inherits an "M" allele and an "N" allele expresses both M and N antigens on the RBCs. Which of the following is true? a. M is dominant to N. b. N is dominant to M. c. M an N are codominant alleles. d. M and N are located on the same chromosome

C

A woman with blood group A marries a man with blood group O. Their firstborn child has blood group O. The mother's most probable genotype is: a. OO c. AB b. AA d. AO

D

DNA is composed of all of the following except: a. adenine. c. cytosine. b. guanine. d. uraci

D

How is RNA different from DNA? a. RNA usually exists as one strand c. RNA incorporates uracil b. Ribose is substituted for deoxyribose d. All of the above

D

In which of the following circumstances will Hardy-Weinberg's principle fail? a. Mutation c. Non-random mating b. Genetic drift d. All the above

D

Methods to isolate intact DNA in order for it to be studied include all of the following except: a. pH changes. c. detergent lysis. b. enzyme activation. d. heat treatment.

D

Point mutations include which of the following? a. Substitutions b. Insertions c. Deletions d. Substitutions, insertions, and deletions

D

What blood group is the best example of codominantly inherited blood group genes? a. Rh c. Lewis b. MN d. ABO

D

Which of the following must be true when using the Hardy-Weinberg equation? a. The population must be large c. Mating must occur randomly b. Mutations cannot occur d. All of the above

D

Which constituent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represents the total number of alleles? a. q c. 2pq b. p d. q2

B

What amino acid initiates translation by attaching to tRNA? a. Glycine c. Methionine b. Alanine d. Lysine

C