Unit 13 general and special senses part 1
incus
- auditory ossicle in the middle of the others - anvil - B
external auditory canal
- canal in the external ear that extends 2.5 cm from the auricle to the tympanic membrane
semicircular canals
- canals situated at right angles to one another that maintain equilibrium - orientation allows them to sense rotational movements of the head and body - structures work together with organs of the vestibule and transmit impulses down the vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve
tympanic membrane
- eardrum - thin sheet of epithelium and connective tissue that separates the outer ear from the middle ear
vestibule
- egg shaped bony cavity in the inner ear that houses two structures responsible for equilibrium: the saccule and utricle which both transmit impulses down the vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve
circumvallate papillae
- large papillae that houses taste buds - projections located at the posterior aspect of the tongue, arranged in a V shape - B
malleus
- largest auditory ossicle, closed one to the tympanic membrane - looks like a hammer
stapes
- lateral auditory ossicle in middle ear - looks like a stirrup
olfactory nerve
- looks like the bristles of a toothbrush - axons of olfactory receptor cells that penetrate the holes in the cribiform place to synapse on the olfactory bulb
olfactory tract
- looks like the handle of a toothbrush
olfactory bulb
- looks like the head of a toothbrush - where axons of olfactory receptor cells synapse - sends the impulses of the axons of the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex
middle ear
- one of the three regions in the ear - small air-filled cavity within the temporal bone that houses tiny bones called the auditory ossicles - also includes the pharyngotempanic tube
External ear
- one of the three regions of the ear - begins with the auricle, a shell shaped structure composed of elastic cartilage that surround the opening to the external auditory canal
inner ear
- one of the three regions of the ear that contains sense organs for both hearing and equilibrium - consists of cavities filled with a fluid that contains a series of membranes that contain an even thicker fluid - three regions: vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea
foliate papillae
- papillae that contain taste buds primarily during childhood - "ridges" located on the lateral aspects of the tongue
fungiform papillae
- papillae that houses taste buds - scattered over the surface of the tongue especially the tip
papillae
- projections from the tongue that house tastebuds where taste receptors are located 3 types: fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate
Olfaction
- sense of smell - relies on chemoreceptors to relay information about environment to the brain that are located in the roof of the nasal cavity
gustation
- sense of taste
auditory ossicles
- smallest bones in the body housed in the middle ear - transmit vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear through a structure called the oval window - include three bones: the malleus, incus, and stapes
cochlea
- spiral bony canal that contains an organ with hair cels that transmit sound impulses to the cochlear portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve - has a hole in its lateral wall that plays a role in allowing the perilymph in the cochlea to vibrate
pharyngotympanic tube
- structure in the middle ear that connects the middle ear to the pharynx or throat - also equalizes pressure in the middle ear
olfactory epithelium
- the tan that is between the bristles of the toothbrush - small patch in the rood of the nasal cavity
auricle
- visible part of the ear - shell shaped structure composed of elastic cartilage that surrounds the opening to the external auditory canal
saccule
structure in the vestibule in the inner ear that transmits impulses down the vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve - next to the cochlea
utricle
structure in the vestibule in the inner ear that transmits impulses down the vestibular portion of vestibulocochlear nerve
