Unit 16

The heart relaxes and the atria fill with blood at: A. diastole B. systole

A

Which of the following lists the valves in the order through which the blood flows from the vena cava through the heart? A. tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar B. mitral, pulmonary semilunar, bicuspid, aortic semilunar C. aortic semilunar, pulmonary semilunar, tricuspid, bicuspid D. bicuspid, aortic semilunar, tricuspid, pulmonary semilunar

A

Obesity causes: A. hypertension B. hypotension C. decreased blood vessel length D. increased blood viscosity [wrong] E. increased cardiac output

A?

Which of the following is not important in preventing backflow of blood? A. AV valves B. chordae tendineae C. endocardium D. papillary muscles

C

The epicardium is also known as the: A. endocardium B. fibrous pericardium C. parietal layer of the serous D. pericardium E. myocardium F. visceral layer of the serous G. pericardium

G

An abnormal "hole" between the right and left atrium is called a/an: A. atrial septal defect B. mitral valve prolapse C. mitral valve stenosis D. vegetation

A

Hypotension is: A. abnormally low blood pressure B. buildup of fatty plaques in the arteries C. elevated arterial blood pressure D. too much stress at exam time

A

In response to increased blood pressure, ________________ send a signal to the cardiovascular (CV) center in the medulla. A. baroreceptors B. chemoreceptors C. hormones D. neurotransmitters

A

Histamine, prostacyclin, and kinins are inflammatory mediators. These inflammatory mediators cause ___________________, which allows white blood cells to escape blood vessels and travel into tissues. A. vasoconstriction B. vasodilation

B

Stimulating the sympathetic cardiac nerves would have what effect on heart rate? A. decrease B. increase C. no effect on heart rate

B

The tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid) valves are between the: A. atria and semilunar valves B. atria and ventricles C. ventricles and vena cavae D. ventricles and aorta

B

The upper two chambers of the heart are the: A. aorta B. atria C. ventricles D. vestibules

B

Which organ or structure is lateral to the heart? A. esophagus B. lung C. sternum D. vertebral column

B

If the viscosity of blood increases, resistance: A. decreases B. decreases by 16 times C. increases thus slowing blood flow D. increases and therefore E. increases blood flow is not affected

C

Precapillary sphincters are: A. found in the urinary and digestive system where they control excretion B. holes in the endothelial walls of capillaries that allow easier exchange of materials C. smooth muscle collars that regulate flow through capillaries D. valves in veins that prevent backflow

C

The left side of the heart takes blood from the ______________ and pumps it to the ______________. A. body; brain B. body; lungs C. lungs; body D. lungs; spleen

C

The most commonly-quoted cardiac function measurement is the ejection fraction. This describes: A. amount remaining in ventricles after contraction B. beats per minute C. percentage of ventricles emptied at systole D. stroke volume output

C

What is the role of the placenta in fetal circulation? A. Allows blood to bypass the liver B. Allows blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation C. Exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste D. Mixing of fetal and maternal blood

C

Which organ or structure is anterior to the heart? A. esophagus B. lung C. sternum D. vertebral column

C

How do capillaries differ from other types of vessels? A. capillaries have valves B. capillaries have greater elasticity C. capillaries withstand high amounts of pressure D. capillaries have a single layer of endothelium to allow for nutrient exchange E. capillaries have a thick tunica media

D

Movement of blood through an incompetent heart valve is often: A. blocked B. slowed down C. speeded up D. turbulent

D

The right atrioventricular valve is the: A. aortic valve B. mitral (bicuspid) valve C. pulmonary valve D. tricuspid valve

D

Which artery carries deoxygenated blood? A. carotid artery B. coronary artery C. femoral artery D. pulmonary artery

D

Which vein carries oxygenated blood? A. coronary sinus B. femoral vein C. jugular vein D. pulmonary vein

D

Blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the left atrium from the ______________. A. aorta B. inferior vena cava C. left atrium D. left ventricle E. pulmonary arteries F. pulmonary trunk G. pulmonary veins H. right atrium I. right ventricle J. superior vena cava

G

Blood flows from the superior and inferior vena cavae and the coronary sinus into the ______________. A. aorta B. inferior vena cava C. left atrium D. left ventricle E. pulmonary arteries F. pulmonary trunk G. pulmonary veins H. right atrium I. right ventricle J. superior vena cava

H