Unit 16: World War ||
What did Stalin demand the allies open?
2nd front
What does Hitler take over in in Europe in April 1940?
5 countries
What was Island hopping?
A campaign to seize only strategically significant islands in a path toward mainland Japan
What did FDR ask Congress for?
A declaration of war
Who continued the Great Migration to factory jobs and served in the military units that are slowly integrated?
African Americans
In what did Germany launch air raids to weaken Britain for invasion?
Battle of Britain
What battle did the US finally beat the Japan in after they lost several battles?
Battle of Coral Sea
What was the German advance stopped at which was the turning point of N. Africa?
Battle of El Alamein
What was the turning point in the Pacific?
Battle of Midway
What did factories help allies gain control in?
Battle of production
What began when we the Germans broke through the allied line?
Battle of the Bulge
What did FDR issue an executive order forbidding?
Discrimination in defense industries
What is signed by Germany, Britain, France and Italy?
Munich Pact
What was the invasion of Normandy called?
Operation Overlord or D-Day
What was the combined British and US offensive that liberated N Africa?
Operation Torch
Who already controlled the region that Stalin demanded?
Red Army
Where does Hitler invade despite a previous non aggression Pact?
Soviet Union
How many Jews and dissidents were killed?
12 million
What prohibited selling weapons to warring nations?
1930s Neutrality Acts
What offered the lowest tariff rate to nations we get along with?
1940 Trade Agreement Act
Germany(Nazism)
Adolph Hitler
What did the United Nations agree to abide by?
Aims of the Atlantic Charter
Who won the Battle of the Bulge?
Allies
What did Stalin promise to do since the Allies agree to give Stalin the land?
Allow free European elections and declare war on Japan when Germany is defeated
What Conference did FDR and Churchill set goals for the war?
Atlantic Charter Conference
Where does Hitler move and make it part of Germany?
Austria
Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb?
Authorized their use to save Allied lives and force Japan's surrender
What did Germany, Italy and Japan call themselves?
Axis Powers
Italy(Fascism)
Benito Mussolini
Who began organizing an invasion during their meeting?
Big Three
What did Hitler use in Poland?
Blitzkrieg
What did Germany invading Poland cause?
Britain and France to declare war
Who did the Act primarily aid?
Britain and USSR
What does Stalin demand right to create in E.Europe?
Buffer zone
Leader of Britain
Churchill
What did the world then learn of?
Concentration camps and destruction of the "undesirables"
What represented a serious threat to peace?
Conquest of Chinese Manchuria by the Japanese
What did the court upheld the camps as?
Constitutional as the need to protect the whole outweighs the rights of an individual
What were the German officers convicted of doing?
Crimes against humanity
Western Front
D-Day
General of France
De Gaulle
Pearl Harbor
Dec 7, 1941
What day did Japanese planes surprise attack the US naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii?
December 7, 1941
Who took control in Europe?
Dictators
What happens to FDR on April 12, 1945?
Dies and Truman becomes president
What were those goals?
Disarmament and self determination
What General continued the conquest of the Pacific?
Douglas MacArthur
What enabled the US to emerge from the Great Depression?
Dramatic increase in military spending
What was Japan's choices since US stopped shipping supplies?
Either withdraw from Manchuria or seize supplies in SE Asia
North Africa
El Alamein
What did US impose in response to Japanese aggression in Asia?
Embargos in shipments of gas and oil to Japan
Who was the German general?
Erwin Rommel
Where did the Axis continue to conquer in 1942?
Europe and N.Africa
General of US
Europe-Eisenhower Pacific-MacArthur
Leader of US
FDR & Truman
Who were the Big Three?
FDR, Churchill, Stalin
What did the failure of Nations to take any direct action mark?
Failure of collective security
What did it include the promise to do?
Fight and make peace together and to not seek territorial gain
Where did Eisenhower begin preparations for an invasion?
France
Who led the French Resistance in exile?
General Charles de Gaulle
Who did the US want to defeat first to prevent the fall of Britain and USSR before focusing on Japan?
Germany
Who formed a military alliance?
Germany, Italy and Japan
What did Roosevelt begin to establish friendly relations with other nations?
Good Neighbor Policy
Where did the 1st US offensive begin at?
Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands
What did the government institute price controls to do?
Halt inflation
Who was FDR's VP for his 4th term?
Harry Truman
Where did US drop the atomic bomb on August 6,1945?
Hiroshima
Leader of Germant
Hitler
What happens on May 1, 1945?
Hitler commits suicide
What was the time called of the concentration camps and destruction of the undesirables?
Holocaust
What does Hitler also begin?
Invasion of France
What began in Feb 1945 whenever the Allies won the Battle of the Bulge?
Invasion of Germany
What did the liberation of W. Europe allow?
Invasion of Germany
What was MacArthurs strategy?
Island hopping
Where do the US marines take on February 1945 which is only 750 miles from Japan?
Iwo-Jima
Who led the Manhattan Project?
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Soviet Union(Communism)
Joseph Stalin
D-Day
June 6, 1944
What day was the invasion of Normandy?
June 6, 1944
What 1944 case challenged this?
Korematsu v United States
What allowed the government to takeover businesses necessary for national security to settle strikes?
Labor Disputes Act
What did FDR renounce the right to intervene in?
Latin America
What Act did Britain receive US aid through?
Lend-Lease Act
What did D-Day result in?
Liberation of W.Europe
What is blitzkrieg?
Lightning War
What do American scientists develop an atomic bomb through?
Manhattan Project
What were the munitions and banking industries referred to as?
Merchants of Death
Who were welcomed to fill open jobs?
Mexican immigrants
Pacific
Midway
General of Britain
Montgomery
Who led the allied forces that forced the Axis to flee to Italy?
Montgomery(GB) from east and Dwight Eisenhower(US) from west
What was the Manhattan Project also a way to convince the Soviet Union to be?
More cooperative in formulating postwar plans
What name did the US become known as because of the Trade Agreement Act?
Most favored nation
Leader of Italy
Mussolini
Where was bombed and made Japan surrender on August 9, 1945?
Nagasaki
Who distinguished themselves in the Pacific?
Navaho code talkers
What commitment of the US was straightened?
Neutrality
What did other women join?
New branches of the military
What trials happened after the war that convicted German officers?
Nuremberg War Crimes Trials
What sought to determine the involvement of industries in the US decision to enter WW|?
Nye Committee
What created a nationwide rationing system for goods such as gas, shoes, meat and sugar?
Office of Price Administration(OPA)
Where is taken in June 1945 allowing the bombing of Japan?
Okinawa
What was the gunboat called?
Panay
What was is when the Japanese planes bombed a US gunboat killing several Americans?
Panay Incident
What did the US establish the 1st ever of in 1940?
Peace draft
Where did US pledge to grant independence to?
Philippines
What happened to unemployment?
Plummeted
Where is Hitler warned to stay out of?
Poland
What did European leaders use to give Hitler what he wanted to save peace?
Policy of appeasement
What were they going to make plans for whenever they met at Yalta?
Postwar Europe
What Conference in Germany did the Big Three ask Japan to surrender but they refused?
Potsdam Conference
What did the committee claim US' decision was made over?
Profits, not policy
In what did FDR advocate that peaceful nations should isolate aggressors?
Quarantine Speech
What did Roosevelt order all Japanese Americans on the Pacific coast be taken to?
Relocation centers
General of Germany
Rommel
What were women who worked heavy industrial jobs called?
Rosie the Riveter
What was the Lend Lease Act?
Sale of military equipment to countries whose defense is vital to US
Who created the Nye committee?
Senator Gerold Nye
Invasion of Poland
Sept 1, 1939
When was the official surrender and end of WW||?
Sept 2, 1945
What day did Germany invade Poland?
Sept. 1, 1939
Leader of Soviet Union
Stalin
Eastern Front
Stalingrad
What does Hitler receive in the Munich Pact?
Sudetenland(W.Czechoslovakia)
Where did Rommel seize to open the way for an invasion of the Middle East?
Suez Canal
What does Eisenhower become?
Supreme commander of the Allies
What do the Soviets force the Germans to do which is the turning point of the Eastern Front?
Surrender at Stalingrad
What was the invasion of France enabled by?
Surrender if Italy and the Allied defeat if the German navy allowing safe shipping
What did Hitler have to promise to do in the Munich Pact?
Take no more territory in Europe
Where was their first meeting?
Tehran
Why were they sent to internment camps?
They represented a potential security threat
What did the Big Three agree to divide Germany between?
Themselves and France
What did Prime Minister Winston Churchill promise?
To never surrender
Why were the Neutrality Acts passed?
To preserve isolationism
What were Japanese officials tried during?
Tokyo War Crimes Trial
What was Japan dependent on?
US supplies
What did the 26 Allied nations call themselves?
United Nations
What was the day Germany surrenders(May 8, 1945) called?
V-E Day (victory in Europe)
What did Truman proclaim August 15, 1945 as?
V-J Day: Victory over Japan
What did many groups play vital roles in?
War effort
What did FDR say?
We must be the great arsenal of democracy
What was D-Day the turning point of?
Western Front
What did many native Americans do?
Worked in factories or served in the military
Where did the "Big Three" meet at in Feb 1945?
Yalta
Stimson Doctrine
was created by the US which reused to recognize territorial acquisitions taken by force?
