Unit 16: World War ||

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What did Stalin demand the allies open?

2nd front

What does Hitler take over in in Europe in April 1940?

5 countries

What was Island hopping?

A campaign to seize only strategically significant islands in a path toward mainland Japan

What did FDR ask Congress for?

A declaration of war

Who continued the Great Migration to factory jobs and served in the military units that are slowly integrated?

African Americans

In what did Germany launch air raids to weaken Britain for invasion?

Battle of Britain

What battle did the US finally beat the Japan in after they lost several battles?

Battle of Coral Sea

What was the German advance stopped at which was the turning point of N. Africa?

Battle of El Alamein

What was the turning point in the Pacific?

Battle of Midway

What did factories help allies gain control in?

Battle of production

What began when we the Germans broke through the allied line?

Battle of the Bulge

What did FDR issue an executive order forbidding?

Discrimination in defense industries

What is signed by Germany, Britain, France and Italy?

Munich Pact

What was the invasion of Normandy called?

Operation Overlord or D-Day

What was the combined British and US offensive that liberated N Africa?

Operation Torch

Who already controlled the region that Stalin demanded?

Red Army

Where does Hitler invade despite a previous non aggression Pact?

Soviet Union

How many Jews and dissidents were killed?

12 million

What prohibited selling weapons to warring nations?

1930s Neutrality Acts

What offered the lowest tariff rate to nations we get along with?

1940 Trade Agreement Act

Germany(Nazism)

Adolph Hitler

What did the United Nations agree to abide by?

Aims of the Atlantic Charter

Who won the Battle of the Bulge?

Allies

What did Stalin promise to do since the Allies agree to give Stalin the land?

Allow free European elections and declare war on Japan when Germany is defeated

What Conference did FDR and Churchill set goals for the war?

Atlantic Charter Conference

Where does Hitler move and make it part of Germany?

Austria

Why did Truman decide to use the atomic bomb?

Authorized their use to save Allied lives and force Japan's surrender

What did Germany, Italy and Japan call themselves?

Axis Powers

Italy(Fascism)

Benito Mussolini

Who began organizing an invasion during their meeting?

Big Three

What did Hitler use in Poland?

Blitzkrieg

What did Germany invading Poland cause?

Britain and France to declare war

Who did the Act primarily aid?

Britain and USSR

What does Stalin demand right to create in E.Europe?

Buffer zone

Leader of Britain

Churchill

What did the world then learn of?

Concentration camps and destruction of the "undesirables"

What represented a serious threat to peace?

Conquest of Chinese Manchuria by the Japanese

What did the court upheld the camps as?

Constitutional as the need to protect the whole outweighs the rights of an individual

What were the German officers convicted of doing?

Crimes against humanity

Western Front

D-Day

General of France

De Gaulle

Pearl Harbor

Dec 7, 1941

What day did Japanese planes surprise attack the US naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii?

December 7, 1941

Who took control in Europe?

Dictators

What happens to FDR on April 12, 1945?

Dies and Truman becomes president

What were those goals?

Disarmament and self determination

What General continued the conquest of the Pacific?

Douglas MacArthur

What enabled the US to emerge from the Great Depression?

Dramatic increase in military spending

What was Japan's choices since US stopped shipping supplies?

Either withdraw from Manchuria or seize supplies in SE Asia

North Africa

El Alamein

What did US impose in response to Japanese aggression in Asia?

Embargos in shipments of gas and oil to Japan

Who was the German general?

Erwin Rommel

Where did the Axis continue to conquer in 1942?

Europe and N.Africa

General of US

Europe-Eisenhower Pacific-MacArthur

Leader of US

FDR & Truman

Who were the Big Three?

FDR, Churchill, Stalin

What did the failure of Nations to take any direct action mark?

Failure of collective security

What did it include the promise to do?

Fight and make peace together and to not seek territorial gain

Where did Eisenhower begin preparations for an invasion?

France

Who led the French Resistance in exile?

General Charles de Gaulle

Who did the US want to defeat first to prevent the fall of Britain and USSR before focusing on Japan?

Germany

Who formed a military alliance?

Germany, Italy and Japan

What did Roosevelt begin to establish friendly relations with other nations?

Good Neighbor Policy

Where did the 1st US offensive begin at?

Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands

What did the government institute price controls to do?

Halt inflation

Who was FDR's VP for his 4th term?

Harry Truman

Where did US drop the atomic bomb on August 6,1945?

Hiroshima

Leader of Germant

Hitler

What happens on May 1, 1945?

Hitler commits suicide

What was the time called of the concentration camps and destruction of the undesirables?

Holocaust

What does Hitler also begin?

Invasion of France

What began in Feb 1945 whenever the Allies won the Battle of the Bulge?

Invasion of Germany

What did the liberation of W. Europe allow?

Invasion of Germany

What was MacArthurs strategy?

Island hopping

Where do the US marines take on February 1945 which is only 750 miles from Japan?

Iwo-Jima

Who led the Manhattan Project?

J. Robert Oppenheimer

Soviet Union(Communism)

Joseph Stalin

D-Day

June 6, 1944

What day was the invasion of Normandy?

June 6, 1944

What 1944 case challenged this?

Korematsu v United States

What allowed the government to takeover businesses necessary for national security to settle strikes?

Labor Disputes Act

What did FDR renounce the right to intervene in?

Latin America

What Act did Britain receive US aid through?

Lend-Lease Act

What did D-Day result in?

Liberation of W.Europe

What is blitzkrieg?

Lightning War

What do American scientists develop an atomic bomb through?

Manhattan Project

What were the munitions and banking industries referred to as?

Merchants of Death

Who were welcomed to fill open jobs?

Mexican immigrants

Pacific

Midway

General of Britain

Montgomery

Who led the allied forces that forced the Axis to flee to Italy?

Montgomery(GB) from east and Dwight Eisenhower(US) from west

What was the Manhattan Project also a way to convince the Soviet Union to be?

More cooperative in formulating postwar plans

What name did the US become known as because of the Trade Agreement Act?

Most favored nation

Leader of Italy

Mussolini

Where was bombed and made Japan surrender on August 9, 1945?

Nagasaki

Who distinguished themselves in the Pacific?

Navaho code talkers

What commitment of the US was straightened?

Neutrality

What did other women join?

New branches of the military

What trials happened after the war that convicted German officers?

Nuremberg War Crimes Trials

What sought to determine the involvement of industries in the US decision to enter WW|?

Nye Committee

What created a nationwide rationing system for goods such as gas, shoes, meat and sugar?

Office of Price Administration(OPA)

Where is taken in June 1945 allowing the bombing of Japan?

Okinawa

What was the gunboat called?

Panay

What was is when the Japanese planes bombed a US gunboat killing several Americans?

Panay Incident

What did the US establish the 1st ever of in 1940?

Peace draft

Where did US pledge to grant independence to?

Philippines

What happened to unemployment?

Plummeted

Where is Hitler warned to stay out of?

Poland

What did European leaders use to give Hitler what he wanted to save peace?

Policy of appeasement

What were they going to make plans for whenever they met at Yalta?

Postwar Europe

What Conference in Germany did the Big Three ask Japan to surrender but they refused?

Potsdam Conference

What did the committee claim US' decision was made over?

Profits, not policy

In what did FDR advocate that peaceful nations should isolate aggressors?

Quarantine Speech

What did Roosevelt order all Japanese Americans on the Pacific coast be taken to?

Relocation centers

General of Germany

Rommel

What were women who worked heavy industrial jobs called?

Rosie the Riveter

What was the Lend Lease Act?

Sale of military equipment to countries whose defense is vital to US

Who created the Nye committee?

Senator Gerold Nye

Invasion of Poland

Sept 1, 1939

When was the official surrender and end of WW||?

Sept 2, 1945

What day did Germany invade Poland?

Sept. 1, 1939

Leader of Soviet Union

Stalin

Eastern Front

Stalingrad

What does Hitler receive in the Munich Pact?

Sudetenland(W.Czechoslovakia)

Where did Rommel seize to open the way for an invasion of the Middle East?

Suez Canal

What does Eisenhower become?

Supreme commander of the Allies

What do the Soviets force the Germans to do which is the turning point of the Eastern Front?

Surrender at Stalingrad

What was the invasion of France enabled by?

Surrender if Italy and the Allied defeat if the German navy allowing safe shipping

What did Hitler have to promise to do in the Munich Pact?

Take no more territory in Europe

Where was their first meeting?

Tehran

Why were they sent to internment camps?

They represented a potential security threat

What did the Big Three agree to divide Germany between?

Themselves and France

What did Prime Minister Winston Churchill promise?

To never surrender

Why were the Neutrality Acts passed?

To preserve isolationism

What were Japanese officials tried during?

Tokyo War Crimes Trial

What was Japan dependent on?

US supplies

What did the 26 Allied nations call themselves?

United Nations

What was the day Germany surrenders(May 8, 1945) called?

V-E Day (victory in Europe)

What did Truman proclaim August 15, 1945 as?

V-J Day: Victory over Japan

What did many groups play vital roles in?

War effort

What did FDR say?

We must be the great arsenal of democracy

What was D-Day the turning point of?

Western Front

What did many native Americans do?

Worked in factories or served in the military

Where did the "Big Three" meet at in Feb 1945?

Yalta

Stimson Doctrine

was created by the US which reused to recognize territorial acquisitions taken by force?


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