Unit 2 - Water
economic benefits of building large dams
Storage of water for agriculture and domestic use and production of renewable energy.
Dead Zone Gulf of Mexico
a large zone of hypoxia caused by excessive decomposition of algae
Measured on the pH scale
acidity
eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of
asphyxiation from lack of oxygen
NOT a source of DO in a body of water
increased amounts of DO in the water
greatest impact of development on the local water supply
there will be less recharge of groundwater
Negative environmental impacts associated with large-scale hydroelectric projects have been demonstrated in which of the following areas?
Aral Sea, former USSR, Mono Lake, California
oligotrophic
Lakes that are characterized by high water clarity and low concentrations of dissolved nutrients are classified as
primary treatment of sewage
Removal of solids
major anthropogenic sources of nitrogen pollution
commercial fertilizers, vehicle exhaust, industrial air pollution, and discharge of sewage to surface water
thermal pollution
decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen
water pollution
degradation of water quality
Storm water runoff from the new development into nearby Samel Creek will likely lead to which of the following?
destruction of fish habitats by high levels of suspended solids and sediments
what scenario could cause water temp to increase?
discharge from the power plant
Decreased by the breakdown of organic waste
dissolved oxygen
method of agricultural irrigation that results in the loss of the least amount of water by evap
drip irrigation
If wastewater treatment plant effluent that contains nitrates and phosphates is allowed to flow into a body of water, which of the following may result?
eutrophication
scientists moitoring disease potential of treated wastewater are most concerned with the concentration of...
fecal coliform bacteria
Measured by the amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+
hardness
septic system operations in order
household sewage piped in, heavy particles settle out of water and bacteria decompose grease and oil, wastewater containing suspended material flows into drain field, bacteria continue to decompose organic material in well-aerated soil, purified wastewater percolates into groundwater and evaporates from soil
common characteristic of lakes undergoing cultural eutrophication?
increased level of plant nutrients
logging in a watershed
increases water temp of local streams
DO concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point source input of organic matter into the river due to
increasing bacterial activity as organic matter decays
what is true of the ogallala aquifer?
it underlies the US High Plains and is being depleted by overuse
three common methods employed in the cleanup of oil spills are
large floating booms, skimmer boats, and gen engineered bacteria
As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwater supply is reduced due to
loss of recharge area
Turbidity
measure of the amount suspended material in water
limestone
neutralizes acid rain
NOT an envi advantages of septic tanks
no byproducts of water treatment remain
An effective alternative to chlorine for disinfecting wastewater in a municipal treatment plant
ozone
best describes how the DO levels in a body of water fluctuate over the course of a day
peak in afternoon, decrease overnight
In August of 2014, residents of several Ohio cities that use Lake Erie as a drinking water source were warned not to drink tap water because of the presence of toxins released by blue-green algae (cyanobacteria). Which of the following is the most likely cause of recent blooms of blue-green algae in Lake Erie?
phosphorus contained in agricultural runoff
greatest amount of freshwater
polar ice caps and glaciers
a building/construction site affect water quality by...
producing loose sediment that washes away in heavy rainfall
most likely to increase nutrient levels and the bacterial content of lake water
runoff from a nearby hog farm
usual cause of cultural eutrophication in surface waters of both developed and developing countries
runoff of nitrate compounds into bodies of water
Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas would most likely result in
saltwater intrusion
Safe Drinking Water Act (1974)
set maximum contaminant levels for pollutants in drinking water and ground water
best explanation of the fact that agricultural production on floodplains is often relatively high
soil tends to be nutrient-rich and fertile
Transpiration
the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants in the hydrologic cycle
Caused by suspended particulates
turbidity
components of wastewater treatment plant designed to facilitate the decomp of organic material by aerobic microorganisms
ultraviolet array
one important step that homeowners in the new development can take to protect water quality in Samel Creek would be to
use rain barrels to reduce the flow of stormwater into the creek
main component of raw sewage
water
The presence of fecal coliform bacteria in a sample of river water suggests which of the following?
water contaminated by animal waste