UNIT 3: CHINA & EAST ASIA

WHAT DOCUMENT SEEMS TO SUGGEST THAT THE LESS ONE KNOWS AND DOES THE CLOSER ONE WILL BE TO THE WAY (DAO?) A)The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power") B)The Art of War (Sunzi) C)The Analects of Confucius D)The Book of Lord Shang

A

In terms of chronology, which one of the following sets has the dynasties in the correct order from the earliest to the latest (even if they don't follow in succession)? a. Xia Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Han Dynasty b. Shang Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty c. Tang Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty d. Zhou Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Tang Dynasty

B

OVER THE COURSE OF THE EASTERN ZHOU AND THEN THE WARRING STATES PERIOD______________ A)Warfare caused the fragmentation of the Chinese cultural realm into an ever larger number of feudal domains. B)A large number of feudal states governed by noble lords evolved into a handful of centralized monarchies ruled by kings. C)Following advice in the Art of War, the Zhou kingdom was able to reunify the realm under one centralized monarchy by fielding the most powerful army and proclaiming the Mandate of Heaven. D)China was repeatedly invaded by the Mongols, at least until the Zhou kings built the Great Wall.

B

THE 1ST CHINESE DYNASTY FOR WHICH WE HAVE WRITTEN EVIDENCE IS THE ___________ A)Han Dynasty B)Shang Dynasty C)Qin Dynasty D)Zhou Dynasty

B

THE ORIGIN OF THE JAPANESE IMPERIAL LINE IS USUALLY TRACED BACK TO THE ________ A)The Yayoi Period B)The Mounded Tomb Period C)The Three Kingdoms D)The Nara Dynasty

B

After the Qin Dynasty initiated the imperial era in Chinese history, the longest period of political fragmentation in China took place ______________________. Between the collapse of the Tang Dynasty and the founding of the Song Dynasty. Between the Song and Yuan Dynasties, when the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan and eventually Khubilai Khan, kept invading China. Between the Han and Tang Dynasties, during the time when Buddhism first spread into China. Between the Qin and Han Dynasties, when Liu Bang was contending with rival warlords to reunite China after the collapse of the Qin.

C

If we assume that - as most experts do - that Erlitou was indeed the capital of the Xia Dynasty, which one of the following cannot be stated based on the archaeological evidence? A central, walled palace complex points to a further stage in state development along the Yellow River, from chiefdoms to the first kingdom. Workshops were used to produce pottery. Burial sites indicate an egalitarian social structure, where farmers and ruling elites interacted as equals. Workshops indicate a Bronze Age civilization.

C

SHANG RULERS AND ELITES BELIEVED THAT THE PRINCIPAL FACTOR DETERMINING WHETHER OR NOT FUTURE VENTS WOULD BE FAVORABLE TO THEM WAS _________ A)Maintaining military garrisons along the borders of their territorial state. B)Maintaining policies that benefited the agricultural producers. C)The spirits of their deceased ancestors. D)Correctly carrying out rituals to appease demons residing in the underworld.

C

THE SHANG DYNASTY WAS_________ A)An imperial monarchy that had centralized control over the North China Plain through the use of large armies composed primarily of foot soldiers. B)Governed by a monarchy with a military bureaucracy that controlled a clearly defined territory. C)A chiefdom governed by a tribal council. D)A monarchy that likely relied on confederations with local chieftains to control territory at a distance from Anyang.

D

THE SONG DYNASTY WAS GOVERNED BY A MONARCHY AND __________ A)civil service staffed by elected local officials B)warrior elite who had accompanied Khubilai Khan during his conquest of China C)hereditary aristocracy D)scholar-official class selected by a theoretically meritocratic examination system

D

ACCORDING TO THE LAOZI (DAODEJING: "CLASSIC OF THE WAY AND ITS POWER"")_____________ A)To observe the Way (Dao), one must be without desire and doesn't even need to look out the window B)The sagely ruler achieves his goals by actively intervening in the lives of his subjects C)The Way (Dao) may be obtained in one's personal life by accumulating good karma through doing good deeds and observing good etiquette D)The good society is realized when its citizens are taught morality

A

ONE OF THE MOST NOTABLE DEVELOPMENTS IN THE AREA OF POLITICS DURING THE HAN DYNASTY AND THE REIGN OF EMPEROR WU WAS__________ A)The adoption of legalism as state orthodoxy. B)The adoption of Daoism as a ruling philosophy. C)The impact of Buddhist notions of non-violence on criminal law. D)The adoption of Confucianism as a governing ideology.

D

THE MOST DOMINANT STATE IN EAST ASIA DURING THE SEVENTH CENTURY WAS ________ A)Manchuria B)Japan C)The Korean Silla Dynasty D)China's Tang Dynasty

D

The worldview of the scholar-official class that dominated China from the Song Dynasty until the twentieth century was __________________. a. Shintoism b. Buddhism c. Daoism d. Confucianism

D

According to Confucius, _______________________________. Wealth and honor should not be obtained unless done so entirely morally - in other words, in accord with the Way Ritual is not important; only being humane is One should first learn to serve spiritual beings and then learn to serve human beings A truly noble person is likely to be better if he goes unrecognized

A

DURING THE ________CENTURY CE, _________PLAYED A KEY ROLE IN SENDING A SERIES OF EMBASSIES TO CHINA FOR THE PURPOSE OF STUDYING CHINESE INSTITUTIONS AND TRADITIONS. A)seventh; Prince Shōtoku B)ninth; Zhao Kuangyin C)first; Empress Suiko D)third; Cao Cao

A

EARLY ZHOU RULERS AND THE DUKE OF ZHOU JUSTIFIED OVERTHROWING THE SHANG DYNASTY BY CLAIMING________ A)A higher power had deemed that the Shang no longer had the right to rule and designated the Zhou rulers as the ones now responsible for that task. B)That the Shang king had captured Zhou nobles and sacrificed them to their ancestors. C)That Shang rulers had broken the oaths they had taken when they allied with the Zhou to govern western territory. D)The Shang king was illegitimate, born of a barbarian mother.

A

For China, the first dynasty for which we have written records is ______________. a. The Shang Dynasty b. The Xia Dynasty c. The Song Dynasty d. The Qin Dynasty

A

IN JAPAN, WIDESPREAD RICE PADDY AGRICULTURE BEGAN DURING_________ A)The Yayoi Period B)The Jōmon Period C)The Mounded Tomb Period D)The Three Kingdoms Period

A

IN THE TANG LAW CODES, CRIMES COMMITTED AGAINST FAMILY MEMBERS RESULT IN MORE SEVERE PUNISHMENT THAN THE ONES COMMITTED AGAINST A STRANGER. AS WELL, THE PUNISHMENT FOR SON HARMING FATHER WAS MORE SEVERE THAN OPPOSITE CASE. THE IMPORTANCE OF STATUS IN DETERMINING PUNISHMENT MOST REFLECTS THE INFLUENCE OF ________ A)Confucianism B)Daoism C)Buddhism D)Legalism

A

Regarding the impact of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty on China, ________________________. a. While earlier studies of this topic have generally highlighted the destructive impact of the conquests, more recent work has demonstrated that in fact the dynasty also made positive contributions. b. Historians have concluded that it was entirely negative. c. Historians have concluded that it was almost wholly positive. d. While earlier studies of this topic have generally highlighted the positive impact, more recent work has clearly demonstrated that Mongol conquest and exploitation had a devastating impact.

A

THE FIRST EMPEROR OF QIN________ A)Forged a large territorial state that was administered by a centralized monarchy. B)had inherited the throne of one of the weakest of the Warring States Period kingdoms and yet was, by relying on Confucian political philosophy, able to overthrow all of the others. C)Relied heavily on the philosophy of Buddhism to govern his realm. D)as one of China's Warring States Period kings, desired to unify the Chinese cultural realm under one monarch, but he failed to achieve his goals.

A

WHAT IS A NOT TRUE STATEMENT OF THE EASTERN ZHOU DYNATY AND THE WARRING STATES PERIOD? A)Confucius served as a hegemon at the court of the Zhou kings. B)The level and scale of warfare increased. C)Zhou feudal lords engaged in an escalating contest for power and prestige. D)The prestige and power of Zhou kings faded, and their dynasty was eventually extinguished.

A

WHAT IS NOT ONE OF THE IMPORTANT LEGACIES OF THE QIN DYNASTY AND THE FIRST EMPEROR OF QIN? A)Creation of a stable political and social order by adopting and promoting Confucianism. B)Across the empire, establishment of a centralized bureaucracy that governed a hierarchical system of administrative units. C)Invention of a title used by the emperors of China throughout China's imperial history. D)Facilitation of commerce and communication through roadbuilding and the standardization of weights, measures, and the system of writing.

A

WHAT IS SOMETHING CONFUCIUS DID NOT TEACH? A)Only individuals from noble backgrounds have the conditions necessary to become noble men (persons of virtue). B)For a state to govern well, those who govern should themselves be moral exemplars. C)The root of morality can be found in the home, where young people should learn to be respectful and reverent towards parents. D)Humaneness and demonstrating good etiquette are two of the essential virtues of a gentleman.

A

WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT TURE OF THE ZHOU DYNASTY? A)It created a hereditary aristocracy that, over time, undermined the political unity of the Zhou realm. B)Zhou rulers were able to reverse their declining power by following the advice of Confucius, who once advised a Zhou king. C)The first Zhou kings justified overthrowing the Shang Dynasty with a political theory referred to as the Mandate of Heaven. D)Over time, Zhou rulers became merely symbolic figureheads without significant political and military power. Eventually, they even lost their symbolic importance.

A

Which one of the following countries would not be considered part of East Asia? a. India b. Japan c. Korea d. China

A

Which one of the following is not one of the important legacies of the Qin Dynasty and the First Emperor of Qin? a. Creation of a stable political and social order by adopting and promoting Confucianism. b. Invention of a title used by the emperors of China throughout China's imperial history. c. Facilitation of commerce and communication through roadbuilding and the standardization of weights, measures, and the system of writing. d. Across the empire, establishment of a centralized bureaucracy that governed a hierarchical system of administrative units.

A

Which one of the following was not something that Confucius taught? a. Only individuals from noble backgrounds have the conditions necessary to become noble men (persons of virtue). b. For a state to govern well, those who govern should themselves be moral exemplars. c. Humaneness and demonstrating good etiquette are two of the essential virtues of a gentleman. d. The root of morality can be found in the home, where young people should learn to be respectful and reverent towards parents.

A

During China's Han Dynasty, _______________________. a. Invasion of China by the state of Goguryeo led to the Han Dynasty's downfall b. China established four military outposts in Korea that established control over part of the peninsula, even as independent kingdoms and tribal confederations remained to the east and south c. China established commanderies in Korea that exercised control over the entire peninsula d. The Silla Dynasty repulsed Chinese invasions and unified the Korean peninsula under one state

B

HOW DID WARFARE CHANGE OVER THE COURSE OF THE EASTERN ZHOU AND DURING THE WARRING STATES PERIOD IN CHINA'S HISTORY? A)Over time, chariots became more important because large campaigns were conducted on plains. B)Rulers increasingly fielded large armies composed of cavalry and mass infantry. C)As the scale of warfare grew, rulers increasingly relied on kinsmen to conduct their campaigns. D)To maintain the honor of ancestors, codes of chivalry were introduced.

B

THE PRINCIPAL FORCE DRIVING CHANGE IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE STATES DURING THE WARRING STATES PERIOD WAS ______________ A)Economic competition between states. B)Warfare and the desire of each ruler to unite the realm under his control. C)Repeated invasions by non-Chinese nomadic pastoralists. D)The impact of Confucian political thought on the governing class.

B

THE SONG DYNASTY IN CHINA CAME TO AN END WHEN_________ A)Khubilai Khan moved his capital to Beijing and declared the founding of the Great Yuan Dynasty. B)Khubilai Khan's generals, with the advice of Chinese advisors, successfully completed a series of naval campaigns and induced the surrender of the last Song emperor. C)Genghis Khan led forces into the Song capital and the last Song emperor committed suicide. D)The last Song emperor was captured and executed while leading a major offensive against Khubilai Khan in Mongolia.

B

The philosophy of early Daoism _____________________________. a. Emphasized the importance of the scientific study of the natural world. b. Suggested that people can return to a natural way of being that is spontaneous and effortless. c. Built on Confucian ideas by adding a cosmological dimension to them. d. Was utilized by the First Emperor of China to govern his realm.

B

WHAT WAS NOT AN IMPORTANT ELEMENT INFLUENCING THE POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF KOREA DURING THE 3 KINGDOMS AND SILLA DYNASTY? A)Martial traditions held by warrior elites in these Korean states. B)Invasions by Japanese warrior elites during Japan's Yayoi Period. C)Buddhist notions of rulership, according to which rulers might style themselves as living Buddhas. D)Korea's geographical location vis-à-vis China and Japan.

B

WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS HAD THE MOST IMPACT ON THE RISING POWER OF THE STATE OF QIN (THE QIN DYNASTY)? A)Daoism B)Legalism C)Confucianism D)Buddhism

B

WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS WAS MOST CONCERNED WITH WHAT DEFINES VIRTUE AND HOW AN INDIVIDUAL BECOMES A VIRTUOUS (OR MORAL) PERSON? A)Legalism B)Confucianism C)Shinto D)Daoism

B

Which document most emphasizes the importance of correctly administering rewards and punishments to successfully governing the realm? a. Art of War (Sunzi) b. The Book of Lord Shang c. The Analects of Confucius d. The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power")

B

Which document seems to suggest that the less one knows and does the closer one will be to the Way (Dao)? a. The Art of War (Sunzi) b. The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power") c. The Book of Lord Shang d. The Analects of Confucius

B

Which one of the following cannot be considered one of the methods the Western Zhou rulers used to govern newly-conquered territory? a. They granted land and noble titles to Zhou kinsmen in exchange for obedience, tribute, and military support. b. They converted territory into counties so that magistrates elevated from the ranks of commoners could be assigned to them. c. They legitimated a kinship-based feudal system with a political ideology known as the Mandate of Heaven. d. They built a secondary capital farther east closer to the North China Plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, where most of the population was located.

B

Which one of the following is not true of Confucius? a. He believed that he was living in a time when civilization was collapsing. b. During his lifetime, he realized his political aspirations by serving in high office as the advisor to a feudal lord. c. Most of what we know about him comes from a record of conversations he held with his students that was written down after his death. d. He was born to a family of minor nobility during the Eastern Zhou and just prior to the Warring States Period.

B

DURING CHINA'S SONG DYNASTY, THE PRINCIPAL PATH BY WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL BECAME AN OFFICIAL SERVING IN THE GOVERNMENT WAS________________ A)Recommendation by district magistrates. B)Through being voted into office during the fall election season. C)Success in a theoretically meritocratic examination system. D)Hereditary privilege, by belonging to the aristocratic class.

C

DURING WHICH CHINESE DYNASTY WAS CONFUCIANISM DELIBERATELY ADOPTED BY RULERS AS A GOVERNING IDEOLOGY? A)Tang Dynasty B)Zhou Dynasty C)Han Dynasty D)Song Dynasty

C

FROM THE HAN THROUGH THE SONG DYNASTIES, THE GREATEST EXTERNAL THREAT TO CHINA WAS ____________ A)Burmese warlords who repeatedly made incursions into southeast China. B)European explorers who arrived on the shores of China with gunboats and imposed unequal treaties on the Chinese government. C)Nomadic pastoralists living on the steppe lands to the north of China. D)Japanese pirates that raided the coast of Japan and sailed inland to plunder Chinese towns and cities.

C

Factors that help us to understand why Buddhism become a major religious tradition in China include ALL BUT WHICH of the following? a. Buddhism had widespread appeal as a devotional religion because Buddhas and Bodhisattvas could respond to the prayers of ordinary people and assist them with their good karma. b. In a time of widespread turmoil, Buddhism offered an explanation for the meaning of suffering while also providing a path to salvation and enlightenment. c. The Chinese imperial monarchy, seeing that Buddhism fostered peace among the population, offered tax relief for those who converted. d. For the educated, similarities to Daoist philsophy paved the way for the reception of Buddhist ideas; the Dao, for instance, seemed similar to Nirvana.

C

IN THE HISTORY OF CHINA, THE FIRST MAJOR STATES FORMED ALONG THE __________ DURING THE __________ A)The Yalu River/second millennium BCE B)Yangzi River/third millennium BCE C)Yellow River/second millennium BCE D)Yellow River/first millennium BCE

C

IN THE MATTER OF GOVERNING PEOPLE WELL, WHICH DOCUMENT STRESSES THAT THE MORAL EXAMPLE OF THE RULER IS TO BE CONSIDERED MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE USE OF LAWS AND PUNISHMENTS? A)The Art of War (Sunzi) B)The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power") C)The Analects of Confucius D)The Book of Lord Shang

C

Shinto ___________________________________. a. Is the religious tradition native to Korea. b. Originated as a branch of Buddhism in China but then migrated to Japan, where it was assimilated to Japanese culture and indigenized. c. Originated in prehistoric Japan as reverence for deities and spirits primarily associated with natural phenomena. d. Originated in Shang Dynasty China, and is characterized primarily by ancestor worship.

C

Which document highlights the importance of deception in achieving the goals it discusses? A)The Analects of Confucius B)The Book of Lord Shang C)The Art of War (Sunzi) D)The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power")

C

Which one of the following is not true of the status of women during the Song Dynasty? a. Social norms and laws placed them in a subordinate position. b. After marriage, they might be expected to manage the household and educate the children. c. They were allowed to serve in minor offices in the government. d. Their marriages were almost always arranged.

C

Which one of the following would not be considered one of the major sources for studying the Shang Dynasty? a. Sacrificial pits b. a royal cemetery with large, cross-shaped tombs c. almanacs with astrological charts d. turtle plastrons and scapula from cows

C

WHAT IS TRUE REGARDING HOW THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHINA AND KOREA DIFFERED FROM THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHINA AND JAPAN? A)The Japanese state was more directly impact by Chinese military aggression than Korean states were. B)Both Korean states and Japan were invaded by China's Tang Dynasty and hence equally impacted in their political development. C)Neither state was impacted by developments in Tang China, so the relationships were not different. D)Korean states were more directly impacted by Chinese military aggression than was the Japanese state.

D

WHICH DOCUMENT MOST EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL PURSUIT OF VIRTUE? A)The Art of War (Sunzi) B)The Laozi (Daodejing: "Classic of the Way and its Power") C)The Book of Lord Shang D)The Analects of Confucius

D

WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING KOREAN STATES ALLIED WITH CHINA TO DEFEAT ITS ADVERSARIES BUT THEN UNIFIED THE KOREAN PENINSULA? A)Yamato Dynasty B)Kingdom of Goguryeo C)Tang Dynasty D)Silla Dynasty

D

YANGSHAO CULTURE AND LONGSHAN CULTURE ARE TWO OF CHINA'S NEOLITHIC CULTURES. WHAT IS TRUE REGARDING WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THEM? A)Whereas Yangshao Culture was located along the Yellow River, Longshan Culture was centered on the middle reaches of the Yangzi River. B)Longshan Culture preceded Yangshao Culture. C)Whereas Yangshao villagers primarily grew wheat and millet, Longshan villagers primarily cultivated rice. D)Based on the archaeological evidence, which shows the foundations of walled towns, it appears that Longshan Culture was more complex.

D

Which of the following would not be considered one of the major sources for studying the Shang Dynasty?

almanacs with astrological charts