Unit 4 Albert Quiz

David Hubel

A

When Karen looks at an object, her sensory receptors detect its color, shape, and smell. Her brain is able to organize the information and she can recognize that the object is a flower.What is this process called?

A combination of sensation and perception

Which of the following best describes a subliminal message.

A subliminal message is presented in a manner that is conconsiously persuasive

Animals that have excellent night vision are most likely to have_______

An abundance of rods

Gustav Fechnor

C

When Bella was at a restaurant with her friends, she failed to notice the difference when her first waiter left to go on a break and a second waiter took his place. Bella's failure to notice the change in the waiters is an example of ________

Change Blindness

In the ear, the process of transduction occurs in the

Cochlea

The coiled, fluid-filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the__________

Cochlea

on thing all senses have in common that they all

Convert the information they gather from the environment into neural signals sent to the brain

Ernst Weber

D

Which of the following researchers is BEST known for his or her work with the noticeable difference in stimulation and its relationship to the stimulation being judged?

Ernst Weber

The function of the lens is to_________

Focus an image on the retina

Which of the following statements is true about the sense of taste

Humans have the ability to detect sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and spicy sensations, Humans have the ability to detect a savory taste known as umami for foods such as steak, shrimp, sushi, etc.

Jane was watching a scary movie with her best friend. During a particularly scary scene, she failed to notice her brother walked into the room until he came up next to her and said ¨BOO!¨. Why did Jane fail to notice him?

Inattentional blindness caused her to focus on the movie and nothing else

The visual cortex is located in which of the following areas of the brain?

Occipital Lobe

What term is our response to smell?

Olfaction

Our Sense of hearing is achieved as sound waves travel through several steps to become neural impulses. Which of the following is part of the outer ear?

Pinna

The perceptual tendency to group together stimuli that are near each other is called_______

Proximity

Because she was listening to the news on the radio, Mrs. Schultz didn't perceive a word her husband was saying. Her experience best illustrates this example.

Selective Attention

An afterimage can best be defined as

Sense experience that occurs after a visual stimulus has been removed

Xavier finds the smell of a new restaurant to be very strong at first, but after spending time eating in the restaurant, he no longer notices the smell. The process of getting used to a sensory experience is referred to as

Sensory Adaptation

You have a piece of candy that you are holding in your mouth. After a while, the candy doesn't taste as strong as it did when you first tasted it. What has happened?

Sensory Adaptation

Which theory emphasizes that personal expectations and motivations influence the level of absolute thresholds?

Signal Detection Theory

Taste: 1 gram of table salt in 500 liters of water; smell: 1 drop of perfume diffused throughout a three-room apartment; touch: the wing of a bee falling on your cheek from a height of 1 centimeter away. These are all examples of______

The absolute threshold of our senses

Peony is collecting seashells and she doesn't notice that it went from day to night until the sun was almost below the horizon and it was quite dark.Why did Peony NOT notice the changing light?

The small changes in light were below difference threshold

The process by which the senses collect energy from the environment and turn it into information the brain can interpret is called

Transduction

Which of the following is MOST true about human sensation?

We sense and transduce all existing colors and sounds, but our brain can only process a narrow range.

Although Manuel was sitting right next to his parents, he smelled a skunk minutes before they did. Apparently, Manuel has a lower _______ for skunk odor than his parents have.

absolute threshold

Which of the following is the correct sequence of structures activated in the ear when an induvial hears a sound

auditory canal, eardrum, pinna, cochlea

Which of the following BEST reflects contemporary beliefs about extrasensory perception (ESP)?

because research supporting ESP cannot be replicated or has design flaws, most psychologists do not believe it exists.

Mrs. Gabriel was teaching a lesson on ethics and she had the students form groups of four to discuss their feelings about a controversial topic. Although the classroom got very loud, Mrs. Gabriel was able to hear her name from across the classroom when a student needed help. Which of the following BEST describes this phenomenon?

cocktail party effect

Which of the following visual processes provides humans the ability to distinguish between different shapes, angles, and moving objects?

feature detection

What is a good example of an absolute threshold?

from his own room, Eliseo can smell when his sister puts on two squirts of perfume in her bedroom half of the time, but he cannot notice one squirt

Which of the following individuals is known for their research of absolute thresholds?

gustav fechner

Selena was recently diagnosed with spinal meningitis. After days of having a high fever, Selena was left with complete deafness in her left ear. Her doctor explained that Selena was suffering from sensorineural hearing loss. Which part of her ear was MOST likely damaged and caused her sensorineural hearing loss?

her cochlea

The ability to simultaneously recognize the color, shape, size, and speed of an oncoming automobile best illustrates?

parallel processing

When Karen looks at an object, her brain is able to organize the sensory information and she can recognize that the object is a flower. What is this process called?

perception

Timmy moved to a different school over the summer. At his last school, he had a very strict teacher that he was afraid of because she would yell at the class all of the time. When he came to his new school and sat in class on the first day, he perceived his new teacher as angry and strict as well, even though she was just going over the school rules that all teachers had to discuss on the first day. What influenced Timmy's mistaken perception?

perceptual set

When Karen looks at an object, her sensory receptors detect the color, shape, and smell. What is this process called?

sensation

The tendency to perceive a quarter as being round even when it is viewed at an angle is called_______.

shape constancy

An old comedy routine on television had a character who would line up the heads of people who were very far away from him between his fingers. Then he would pinch his fingers together and say gleefully, "I'm crushing your head, I'm crushing your head." The comedian was playing around with which perceptual constancy?

size constancy

Freddy cannot wait until the end of class. He leaves class with permission and starts walking in an empty school hallway. Another student enters the hallway and starts walking towards Freddy. As the student walks closer to Freddy, the image of the student on Freddy's retinas gets bigger, but Freddy knows the other student is not actually increasing in size. Which of the follow BEST explains what is happening?

size constancy

Howard wants to play a trick on his older sister. He first sneaks a rubber snake into her almost-empty purse, but she notices it is heavier immediately and his plan failts. He then puts it into her already full backpack, and she does not realize it until she opens up her bag in English. Why does his sister not notice the extra weight of the snake amidst her school materials when she did notice it next to her car keys in her purse?

the amount required to reach a just-noticeable differnece (JND) isnot constant; it depends on the difference proportionate to what is already being sensed.

The first time Adrian had to put together a child's bicycle, it took him a long time. But several bicycles later, he's a whiz at constructing them from his prior knowledge. His improved speed and skill can be attributed to_______

top-down processing

The olfactory receptor cells are located in the_________

tops of the nasal passages

After exiting a spinning carnival ride, an individual has difficulty walking upright and feels as though they are going to fall over.This effect is caused by the disruption of the________

vestibular sense

Giulio's bag of marbles is twice as heavy as Jim's. If it takes 5 extra marbles to make Jim's bag feel heavier. it will take 10 extra marbles to make Giulio's bag feel heavier. This best illustrates:

weber´s law

After some time has passed, you can no longer smell the odor of wet paint that you noticed when you first walked in your classroom. Which is the most likely reason for this.

you have adapted to the smell, even though it's still there

Torsten Wiesel

B

When we are required to perform two or more talks at the same time, such as driving the car and carrying on a conversation, what do we have?

Divided Attention

The tendency to stop attending to constant, unchanging information, such as not noticing your socks after a few minutes is called

Habituation

Jared and Geness are parents to newborn baby Annie. Even in a crowded, noisy room, Geness can pick out Annie's faint cry. What term would psychologists use to explain Geness' ability to recognize Annie's cry?

Signal detection theory

Alex can easily tell the difference between a 1-lb bag of flour and a 5-lb bag, but he cannot tell the difference between lifting 200 lbs and 205 lbs in the weight room. Which of the following explains Alex's inability t determine the heavier weight difference?

Weber's Law

Which of the following is the colored muscle that controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

iris

Which of the following structures of the eye controls the size of the pupil?

iris