Unit 4: Chapter 20: First Red Scare

Who created the Red Scare and why?

The Bureau of Investigation (FBI) created it to combat communism in the US

How big was the KKK in the 1920

4.5 million members

Why did Klan membership die down in the 20's

A klan leader had a sex scandal with a secretary

What were the Palmer raids

A series of mass raids and arrests on people's houses who were suspected communist radicals

What did Palmer predict would happen on Mayday 1920

An attempt to violently overthrow the government

What was the Red Scare

An intense fear of a communist take over in the US that started after the Bolshevik revolution. 1919-21

Who was A. Mitchell Palmer

Attorney General of the United States from 1919-21. Known for being named after the Palmer Raids for his involvement in them

What did the US start doing to suspected radicals

Deporting them

Who were Saaco and Vanzetti

Italian immigrants arrested for an allegedly murdering a factory pay manager and a guard

What happened on Mayday 1920

Palmers prediction was false, nothing happened

What were nativists afraid of during the Red Scare/ after WWI

People thought that Southern European immigrants coming into the country couldn't fit into society

What ran the Bureau of Investigation during the Red Scare

J. Edgar Hoover

What group made a resurgence during the Red Scare and where were they most prominent

KKK. Big in the Midwest and Outwest

What were Saaco and Vanzetti known for before the alleged murder

Known anarchists and WWI draft dodgers

What did Palmer's false prediction lead to

Led to the end of the First Red Scare and his chances at running for president

What was the National Origins Act

Limit immigrant into the US, especially immigrants from Southern Europe. Only allowed a certain amount of immigrants in from a certain country

What day celebrates civil rights

May 1. Mayday

What began to run high during the Red Scare

Nativist sentiments (opinions)

What did the fear of communists lead to

Negative views on labor unions

What did massive nativism ideas lead the US government to do

Putting severe measures/restrictions on certain kinds of immigrants

What was the evidence for the murder and did they do it

Saaco's gun was found at the murder, but it never went off. Vanzetti didn't do it. unclear for Saaco

What would the klan do to gain members/likability

Sponsor baseball games, car rallies, father/son outings, etc.

What was so controversial about the Palmer Raids

They were Unconstitutional

What happened to Saaco and Vanzetti

Took to court and sat in steel cages. Sentenced to the electric chair. People said that they got caught up in the anti-immigration fight

What did the FBI do to peoples telephones/telegraphs

Wiretapped them