Unit 4: Chapter 20: First Red Scare
Who created the Red Scare and why?
The Bureau of Investigation (FBI) created it to combat communism in the US
How big was the KKK in the 1920
4.5 million members
Why did Klan membership die down in the 20's
A klan leader had a sex scandal with a secretary
What were the Palmer raids
A series of mass raids and arrests on people's houses who were suspected communist radicals
What did Palmer predict would happen on Mayday 1920
An attempt to violently overthrow the government
What was the Red Scare
An intense fear of a communist take over in the US that started after the Bolshevik revolution. 1919-21
Who was A. Mitchell Palmer
Attorney General of the United States from 1919-21. Known for being named after the Palmer Raids for his involvement in them
What did the US start doing to suspected radicals
Deporting them
Who were Saaco and Vanzetti
Italian immigrants arrested for an allegedly murdering a factory pay manager and a guard
What happened on Mayday 1920
Palmers prediction was false, nothing happened
What were nativists afraid of during the Red Scare/ after WWI
People thought that Southern European immigrants coming into the country couldn't fit into society
What ran the Bureau of Investigation during the Red Scare
J. Edgar Hoover
What group made a resurgence during the Red Scare and where were they most prominent
KKK. Big in the Midwest and Outwest
What were Saaco and Vanzetti known for before the alleged murder
Known anarchists and WWI draft dodgers
What did Palmer's false prediction lead to
Led to the end of the First Red Scare and his chances at running for president
What was the National Origins Act
Limit immigrant into the US, especially immigrants from Southern Europe. Only allowed a certain amount of immigrants in from a certain country
What day celebrates civil rights
May 1. Mayday
What began to run high during the Red Scare
Nativist sentiments (opinions)
What did the fear of communists lead to
Negative views on labor unions
What did massive nativism ideas lead the US government to do
Putting severe measures/restrictions on certain kinds of immigrants
What was the evidence for the murder and did they do it
Saaco's gun was found at the murder, but it never went off. Vanzetti didn't do it. unclear for Saaco
What would the klan do to gain members/likability
Sponsor baseball games, car rallies, father/son outings, etc.
What was so controversial about the Palmer Raids
They were Unconstitutional
What happened to Saaco and Vanzetti
Took to court and sat in steel cages. Sentenced to the electric chair. People said that they got caught up in the anti-immigration fight
What did the FBI do to peoples telephones/telegraphs
Wiretapped them
