unit 4: frankenstein + romanticism
She has been objectified as a gift by the Frankenstein family
Elizabeth
Who was not a part of "Lake School"
John Keats
____ comes out of Romanticism Poet as "Bard":
Psychology The Bard= voice of an age in crisis trying to find salvation Paradise lost influences this - satan is the hero
said good poetry is "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings". Therefore, the source of the poem is not the outside world, but the individual poet
Wordsworth:
What item incriminates Justine of William's murder?
a locket with caroline's portrait
the term "gothic novel" derives from all of the following except
a resurgence of Gothic architecture
According to the Creature, Satan is better off than him because of all of the following except
at least Satan is immortal
Victor's creation was built from
body parts found in charnel houses and newly covered graves
By using everyday language in poems that portayed the everyday life, the Romantics, in essence did what
brought out the divine in the trivial things
Before Victor leaves for the University of Ingolstadt, what catastrophic event happens to his family?
caroline dies
what does homme fatal mean?
character tortured others because he himself is tortured by unspeakable guilt The homme fatal is a villain, but in the absence of a hero, takes his place
" You can blast my other passions, but revenge remains--revenge, henceforth dearer than light or food? I may die, but first you, my tyrant and tormenter, shall curse the sun that gazes on your misery?'
creature
Whose narrative is the picture story
creature
What is the common misconception about Frankenstein's identity
he IS the creature
Victor refuses to comply with the monster's request because
he is afraid of repeating his mistakes
The Creature experienced all of the following in the hands of Mankind except
he was eventually accepted by the De Laceys
What was Victor's reaction when his creation came to life?
he was horrified by his success
He is the son of a merchant but is, nonetheless, Victor's intellectual equal
henry Clerval
In the process of creating the Creature, what happens to Victor?
his health declines
in the absence of a hero figure, who becomes, or rather, acts the hero
home fatal
What did Safie's Christian mother teach her daughter to value?
Independence
Who is the narrator of the story proper?
Victor Frankenstein
The Novel: Novel of Purpose
(mixed in with Gothic terror) Show what's wrong with society EXAMPLE: William Godwin - "Caleb Williams"(shows how the lower classes are being oppressed and violated by the privileged) Jane Austen-published anonymously because she is a woman
What was Happening in the World
- 1789-1815: French Revolution and Napoleonic Period in France - 1798: Lyrical Ballads, anonymously by Wordsworth & Coleridge ("The Rime of Ancient Mariner") - 1811-20: The Regency: - George takes over since George III is incurably insane - 1820: Accession of George IV
English Sympathies
- Declaration of the Rights of Man - Peasants Storming Bastille (political prison)
Jacobin Extremists
- Kill monarchy/aristocracy -more violence, disgusted English Sympathizers -"September Massacres" (execution of imprisoned nobility) -Execution of the Royal family
Drama
- Lane and Garden theatres - only theatres to have rights to produce spoken drama -Closet Drama - Byron's "Manfred" and Shelley's "Prometheus Unbound" The Cenci - Shelley: most capable Romantic writer
Anti "ancién regime"
- a writing style saying poetry is not free and naturally expressed
"The Spirit of the Age"
- terms "Romanticism" / "Romantic Writer" did not exist during the actual period -They did not share a doctrine but an intellectual sensibility about the world/people -this "sensibility" is "The Spirit of the Age"
THE SCHOOLS
-"Lake School" =Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey - "Cockney School" = Hunt, Hazlitt, Keats (derogatory for Londoners) - "Satanic School" of Gordon, Byron, and Shelley (write dark, verging, and sinister)
The Supernatural and "Strangeness in Beauty"
-Coleridge - opened poetry to mystery and magic - Setting: distant past or far away places - Poets' obsession w/ the unknown -Coleridge: nightmares ["mare", Anglo-Saxon for "demon"] - Blake and Shelley: the occult and understood by little -Byron: the forbidden & Satanic hero - Keats: death -incubus=DEMON
The Satanic Hero: byronic/hero by default
-Coleridge, Byron, and Shelley - protagonist separated from society bc: He has rejected it, It has rejected him, Theme of exile and not finding a spiritual home in its native land/anywhere
The Glorification of the Commonplace
-EVERYDAY PPL ARE GOOD ENOUGH TO BE WRITTEN ABOUT PERIODTT
SIR WALTER SCOTT
-Popular during his lifetime -1st wrote narrative verse (story told in poem form) but switches to narrative prose (story told in novel form). -His novels rooted in history -Had good action sequences but plot holes -The underclass is more developed than the upper class
JANE AUSTEN:
-Storylines purposely untouched by political, intellectual, and artistic revolution happening -no politics but focuses on the lives of small-town English gentlefolk -Her characters first feminists, the plot is not about marriage but women being hard to get, you know there is war bc soldiers enter and exit, but no fighting showed
Individualism, Infinite Striving, and Nonconformity
-The human mind creates its own experiences --> makes the speaker-poet godlike - the power to create = Greek def. of "poet" as "maker" -"Reason" or "Imagination" moves forward -Man strives for perfection bc the end is like salvation (Nature beyond our limited senses) -Striving for the Infinite -"Glory of the Imperfect" - failures only show unlimited reach
The Concept of Poetry and the Poet
-poetry imitates human life - Coleridge: a great work of literature is like a plant, organic -lyric poem: 1st person - "I" is the poet himself
Gothic Novel
-term from setting: gloomy castle in the Mid. Ages -past, mystery, terror, rough landscapes, Decaying mansions with dank dungeons, secret passages, and supernatural phenomena -Sexual persecution of a beautiful maiden by an obsessed/haggard villain Deals with dark side of human nature
Romanticism
1. "romanticized" human dignity 2) dying for a cause/ honorable death 3) Working for the good of humanity = honor 4) brooding/selfless Romantic character/speaker
During a family vacation, a young Victor witnesses an event that introduces him to the powers of nature. What is this event?
A lightning that destroys a giant oak tree
What sort of studies did Victor immerse himself in when he was a young boy?
Alchemy
Who said " Do you think, Victor that I do not suffer also? Is it not a duty to the survivors, that we should refrain from augmenting their unhappiness by an appearance of immoderate grief? It is also a duty owed to yourself; for excessive sorrow prevents improvement or enjoyment, or even the discharge of daily usefulness, without which no man is fit for society"?
Alphonse
satanic hero example
Coleridge: "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" - Guilty outcast made to realize and repent his sins so he can go back into society (if it wills it)
"My heart was fashioned to be susceptible of love and sympathy, and when wrenched by misery to vice and hatred, it did not endure the violence of the change without torture such as you cannot even imagine?"
Creature
" If you will unreservedly confide to me the particulars of your tale, I perhaps may be used in undeceiving them, I am blind, and cannot judge of your countenance, but there is something in your words, which persuades me that you are sincere."
De Lacey
The Creature was "living" with a French family by the name of
De Lacey
All leading English Romantic writers were sympathizers of the French Revolution except
Edmund Burke
Who said "William and Justine were assassinated and the murder escapes; he walks about the world free, and perhaps respected. But even if I were condemned to suffer on the scaffold for the same crimes, I would not change places with such a wretch'"?
Elizabeth Lavenza and Victor Frankenstein
all of the following are poetic Theories and Practices enumerated in the "Preface" except
Emotions are burdens
He is the young man who beat up the Creature when he saw the latter with his father
Felix De Lacey
Poetic Spontaneity and Freedom
Genuine poem Keats - poetry should come naturally like leaves on a tree Blake - poetry not made w/ Labor/study Shelley - real poems are products of an unconscious creativity
Mr. Kirwin believes that Victor is innocent of
Henry's murder
How does Victor end up on the ice flow where Walton finds him?
In pursuit of the creature, his sled dogs die and he is stranded.
"if poetry comes not as naturally as the leaves to a tree it has better not come it all"
John keats
Her acceptance of a crime she did not commit intensifies Victor's guilt
Justine Moritz
"Liberté, Egalité, et Fraternité" -
Liberty, Equality, and Brotherhood: the call to arms of the French Revolution
He is the Creature's would be protector
Mr. De Lacey
Catholic countries crowned by the ___, Napoleon crowned by___ to be Emperor AKA CATHOLIC CHURCH IRREVERENT
Pope, himself
The Austen heroine is
Practical, Morally sound, Aware of the world Intelligent (often more than most male characters) Demonstrates grace under social and financial pressures
Jacobin extremists invade the Republic of the ___ and of __. French Republic offers aid to countries desiring to ___ current governments ___ thousands in the Reign of Terror under Robespierre
Rhineland , netherlands , overthrow , Guillotining
" I have one want which I have never yet been able to satisfy, and the absence of the object of which I now feel as a most severe evil. I have no friend, Margaret'?
Robert Walton
Original narrator of Frankenstein
Robert Walton
William Wordsworth developed Romanticism as a literary movement with whom
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Why did Justine confess to a crime she did not commit?
She had to confess so the priest would absolve her before death.
According to Wordsworth's "Prelude" "I" assumes the persona and voice of
Speaker-poet
English eventually became disillusioned by the French Revolution for all of the following reasons except
Sunday book burning sessions of English works.
"the fallen angel becomes the malignant devil. Yet even the enemy the God and man had friends AND man had friends and associates in his desolation, I am alone?"
The Creature
He has gone into a deep depression because he has not found a friend
The Creature
Who said " LIfe, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it. Remember, thou hast made me more powerful than thyself, my height is superior to thine, my joints more supple. But I will not be tempted to set myself in opposition to thee. I am thy creature, and I will be even mild and docile, to my natural lord and king, if thou wilt laos perform thy part, the which thou owest me?'
The Creature
"Learn from me, if not by my precepts, at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge and how much happier that man is who believes his native town to be the world than he who aspires to become greater than his nature will allow?"
Victor
Who said "A new species would bless me as its creator and source, many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs?"
Victor
Who said "Justine, poor unhappy Justine, was as innocent as I, and she suffered the same charge, she died for it; and I am the cause of this--I murdered her. William, Justine, and Henry--they all died by my hands"?
Victor Frankenstein
he changes an unsuspecting and naïve scholar of fulfilling his life mission
Victor Frankenstein
Shelley has Victor disliking one of his professors, M. Krempe. What is Shelly suggesting through the professor's name?
Victor cannot learn anything deep and meaningful from this man.
Shelley has Victor admiring one of his professors, M. Waldman. What is Shelly suggesting through the professor's name?
Victor will learn deep and meaningful things from this professor.
The Major Romantic Novelists
Walter scott and jane austen
Romantic "Nature Poetry"
Wordsworth and Coleridge - Nature not simply a backdrop for the speaker/poet Prominence of landscape Nature = character w/ human characteristics
What did Safie's Christian mother teach her daughter to value?
independence and intelligence
Reign of terror: Emergence of Napoleon as dictator and then Emperor of France
kill people related to monarchy Execution of men who conducted the Terror
While Victor was recovering from his initial shock and while he was studying with Clerval, the Creature was doing all of the following except
learning how to plant corn
The longer Romantic poems that use landscapes are in fact
meditative poems
He is the magistrate who believes in Victor's innocence
mr. Kirwin
because romantic poetry prominently features landscapes, it has become almost synonymous to
nature poetry
Henry Clerval joins Victor at Ingolstadt. He becomes a student of
oriental languages
In an effort to appeal to Victor, the Creature promises to the former all of the following except
that he and his mate will never have kids
Victor resumes his work in _____ because the place is isloated
the Orkney islands
"Remember that I am thy creature, I ought to be thy Adam; but rather the fallen angel, whom thou divest from joy for no misdeed. Everywhere I owe bliss, from which I am alone am irrevocably excluded. I was benevolent and good, misery made me a fiend. Make me happy, and I shall again be virtuous."
the creature
He was inherently good but was forced to be evil by a cruel world
the creature
following Elizabeth's murder, what does Victor now fear
the murder of his father and of his brother
Jane Austen's heroines are often considered feminists for all of the following except
they are extremely concerned about getting married
Why did the Creature approach the blind man?
to ask for his friendship and protection
What is Walton' s purpose in the story
to be Victor's fail