unit 4: frankenstein + romanticism

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She has been objectified as a gift by the Frankenstein family

Elizabeth

Who was not a part of "Lake School"

John Keats

____ comes out of Romanticism Poet as "Bard":

Psychology The Bard= voice of an age in crisis trying to find salvation Paradise lost influences this - satan is the hero

said good poetry is "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings". Therefore, the source of the poem is not the outside world, but the individual poet

Wordsworth:

What item incriminates Justine of William's murder?

a locket with caroline's portrait

the term "gothic novel" derives from all of the following except

a resurgence of Gothic architecture

According to the Creature, Satan is better off than him because of all of the following except

at least Satan is immortal

Victor's creation was built from

body parts found in charnel houses and newly covered graves

By using everyday language in poems that portayed the everyday life, the Romantics, in essence did what

brought out the divine in the trivial things

Before Victor leaves for the University of Ingolstadt, what catastrophic event happens to his family?

caroline dies

what does homme fatal mean?

character tortured others because he himself is tortured by unspeakable guilt The homme fatal is a villain, but in the absence of a hero, takes his place

" You can blast my other passions, but revenge remains--revenge, henceforth dearer than light or food? I may die, but first you, my tyrant and tormenter, shall curse the sun that gazes on your misery?'

creature

Whose narrative is the picture story

creature

What is the common misconception about Frankenstein's identity

he IS the creature

Victor refuses to comply with the monster's request because

he is afraid of repeating his mistakes

The Creature experienced all of the following in the hands of Mankind except

he was eventually accepted by the De Laceys

What was Victor's reaction when his creation came to life?

he was horrified by his success

He is the son of a merchant but is, nonetheless, Victor's intellectual equal

henry Clerval

In the process of creating the Creature, what happens to Victor?

his health declines

in the absence of a hero figure, who becomes, or rather, acts the hero

home fatal

What did Safie's Christian mother teach her daughter to value?

Independence

Who is the narrator of the story proper?

Victor Frankenstein

The Novel: Novel of Purpose

(mixed in with Gothic terror) Show what's wrong with society EXAMPLE: William Godwin - "Caleb Williams"(shows how the lower classes are being oppressed and violated by the privileged) Jane Austen-published anonymously because she is a woman

What was Happening in the World

- 1789-1815: French Revolution and Napoleonic Period in France - 1798: Lyrical Ballads, anonymously by Wordsworth & Coleridge ("The Rime of Ancient Mariner") - 1811-20: The Regency: - George takes over since George III is incurably insane - 1820: Accession of George IV

English Sympathies

- Declaration of the Rights of Man - Peasants Storming Bastille (political prison)

Jacobin Extremists

- Kill monarchy/aristocracy -more violence, disgusted English Sympathizers -"September Massacres" (execution of imprisoned nobility) -Execution of the Royal family

Drama

- Lane and Garden theatres - only theatres to have rights to produce spoken drama -Closet Drama - Byron's "Manfred" and Shelley's "Prometheus Unbound" The Cenci - Shelley: most capable Romantic writer

Anti "ancién regime"

- a writing style saying poetry is not free and naturally expressed

"The Spirit of the Age"

- terms "Romanticism" / "Romantic Writer" did not exist during the actual period -They did not share a doctrine but an intellectual sensibility about the world/people -this "sensibility" is "The Spirit of the Age"

THE SCHOOLS

-"Lake School" =Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey - "Cockney School" = Hunt, Hazlitt, Keats (derogatory for Londoners) - "Satanic School" of Gordon, Byron, and Shelley (write dark, verging, and sinister)

The Supernatural and "Strangeness in Beauty"

-Coleridge - opened poetry to mystery and magic - Setting: distant past or far away places - Poets' obsession w/ the unknown -Coleridge: nightmares ["mare", Anglo-Saxon for "demon"] - Blake and Shelley: the occult and understood by little -Byron: the forbidden & Satanic hero - Keats: death -incubus=DEMON

The Satanic Hero: byronic/hero by default

-Coleridge, Byron, and Shelley - protagonist separated from society bc: He has rejected it, It has rejected him, Theme of exile and not finding a spiritual home in its native land/anywhere

The Glorification of the Commonplace

-EVERYDAY PPL ARE GOOD ENOUGH TO BE WRITTEN ABOUT PERIODTT

SIR WALTER SCOTT

-Popular during his lifetime -1st wrote narrative verse (story told in poem form) but switches to narrative prose (story told in novel form). -His novels rooted in history -Had good action sequences but plot holes -The underclass is more developed than the upper class

JANE AUSTEN:

-Storylines purposely untouched by political, intellectual, and artistic revolution happening -no politics but focuses on the lives of small-town English gentlefolk -Her characters first feminists, the plot is not about marriage but women being hard to get, you know there is war bc soldiers enter and exit, but no fighting showed

Individualism, Infinite Striving, and Nonconformity

-The human mind creates its own experiences --> makes the speaker-poet godlike - the power to create = Greek def. of "poet" as "maker" -"Reason" or "Imagination" moves forward -Man strives for perfection bc the end is like salvation (Nature beyond our limited senses) -Striving for the Infinite -"Glory of the Imperfect" - failures only show unlimited reach

The Concept of Poetry and the Poet

-poetry imitates human life - Coleridge: a great work of literature is like a plant, organic -lyric poem: 1st person - "I" is the poet himself

Gothic Novel

-term from setting: gloomy castle in the Mid. Ages -past, mystery, terror, rough landscapes, Decaying mansions with dank dungeons, secret passages, and supernatural phenomena -Sexual persecution of a beautiful maiden by an obsessed/haggard villain Deals with dark side of human nature

Romanticism

1. "romanticized" human dignity 2) dying for a cause/ honorable death 3) Working for the good of humanity = honor 4) brooding/selfless Romantic character/speaker

During a family vacation, a young Victor witnesses an event that introduces him to the powers of nature. What is this event?

A lightning that destroys a giant oak tree

What sort of studies did Victor immerse himself in when he was a young boy?

Alchemy

Who said " Do you think, Victor that I do not suffer also? Is it not a duty to the survivors, that we should refrain from augmenting their unhappiness by an appearance of immoderate grief? It is also a duty owed to yourself; for excessive sorrow prevents improvement or enjoyment, or even the discharge of daily usefulness, without which no man is fit for society"?

Alphonse

satanic hero example

Coleridge: "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" - Guilty outcast made to realize and repent his sins so he can go back into society (if it wills it)

"My heart was fashioned to be susceptible of love and sympathy, and when wrenched by misery to vice and hatred, it did not endure the violence of the change without torture such as you cannot even imagine?"

Creature

" If you will unreservedly confide to me the particulars of your tale, I perhaps may be used in undeceiving them, I am blind, and cannot judge of your countenance, but there is something in your words, which persuades me that you are sincere."

De Lacey

The Creature was "living" with a French family by the name of

De Lacey

All leading English Romantic writers were sympathizers of the French Revolution except

Edmund Burke

Who said "William and Justine were assassinated and the murder escapes; he walks about the world free, and perhaps respected. But even if I were condemned to suffer on the scaffold for the same crimes, I would not change places with such a wretch'"?

Elizabeth Lavenza and Victor Frankenstein

all of the following are poetic Theories and Practices enumerated in the "Preface" except

Emotions are burdens

He is the young man who beat up the Creature when he saw the latter with his father

Felix De Lacey

Poetic Spontaneity and Freedom

Genuine poem Keats - poetry should come naturally like leaves on a tree Blake - poetry not made w/ Labor/study Shelley - real poems are products of an unconscious creativity

Mr. Kirwin believes that Victor is innocent of

Henry's murder

How does Victor end up on the ice flow where Walton finds him?

In pursuit of the creature, his sled dogs die and he is stranded.

"if poetry comes not as naturally as the leaves to a tree it has better not come it all"

John keats

Her acceptance of a crime she did not commit intensifies Victor's guilt

Justine Moritz

"Liberté, Egalité, et Fraternité" -

Liberty, Equality, and Brotherhood: the call to arms of the French Revolution

He is the Creature's would be protector

Mr. De Lacey

Catholic countries crowned by the ___, Napoleon crowned by___ to be Emperor AKA CATHOLIC CHURCH IRREVERENT

Pope, himself

The Austen heroine is

Practical, Morally sound, Aware of the world Intelligent (often more than most male characters) Demonstrates grace under social and financial pressures

Jacobin extremists invade the Republic of the ___ and of __. French Republic offers aid to countries desiring to ___ current governments ___ thousands in the Reign of Terror under Robespierre

Rhineland , netherlands , overthrow , Guillotining

" I have one want which I have never yet been able to satisfy, and the absence of the object of which I now feel as a most severe evil. I have no friend, Margaret'?

Robert Walton

Original narrator of Frankenstein

Robert Walton

William Wordsworth developed Romanticism as a literary movement with whom

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Why did Justine confess to a crime she did not commit?

She had to confess so the priest would absolve her before death.

According to Wordsworth's "Prelude" "I" assumes the persona and voice of

Speaker-poet

English eventually became disillusioned by the French Revolution for all of the following reasons except

Sunday book burning sessions of English works.

"the fallen angel becomes the malignant devil. Yet even the enemy the God and man had friends AND man had friends and associates in his desolation, I am alone?"

The Creature

He has gone into a deep depression because he has not found a friend

The Creature

Who said " LIfe, although it may only be an accumulation of anguish, is dear to me, and I will defend it. Remember, thou hast made me more powerful than thyself, my height is superior to thine, my joints more supple. But I will not be tempted to set myself in opposition to thee. I am thy creature, and I will be even mild and docile, to my natural lord and king, if thou wilt laos perform thy part, the which thou owest me?'

The Creature

"Learn from me, if not by my precepts, at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge and how much happier that man is who believes his native town to be the world than he who aspires to become greater than his nature will allow?"

Victor

Who said "A new species would bless me as its creator and source, many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me. No father could claim the gratitude of his child so completely as I should deserve theirs?"

Victor

Who said "Justine, poor unhappy Justine, was as innocent as I, and she suffered the same charge, she died for it; and I am the cause of this--I murdered her. William, Justine, and Henry--they all died by my hands"?

Victor Frankenstein

he changes an unsuspecting and naïve scholar of fulfilling his life mission

Victor Frankenstein

Shelley has Victor disliking one of his professors, M. Krempe. What is Shelly suggesting through the professor's name?

Victor cannot learn anything deep and meaningful from this man.

Shelley has Victor admiring one of his professors, M. Waldman. What is Shelly suggesting through the professor's name?

Victor will learn deep and meaningful things from this professor.

The Major Romantic Novelists

Walter scott and jane austen

Romantic "Nature Poetry"

Wordsworth and Coleridge - Nature not simply a backdrop for the speaker/poet Prominence of landscape Nature = character w/ human characteristics

What did Safie's Christian mother teach her daughter to value?

independence and intelligence

Reign of terror: Emergence of Napoleon as dictator and then Emperor of France

kill people related to monarchy Execution of men who conducted the Terror

While Victor was recovering from his initial shock and while he was studying with Clerval, the Creature was doing all of the following except

learning how to plant corn

The longer Romantic poems that use landscapes are in fact

meditative poems

He is the magistrate who believes in Victor's innocence

mr. Kirwin

because romantic poetry prominently features landscapes, it has become almost synonymous to

nature poetry

Henry Clerval joins Victor at Ingolstadt. He becomes a student of

oriental languages

In an effort to appeal to Victor, the Creature promises to the former all of the following except

that he and his mate will never have kids

Victor resumes his work in _____ because the place is isloated

the Orkney islands

"Remember that I am thy creature, I ought to be thy Adam; but rather the fallen angel, whom thou divest from joy for no misdeed. Everywhere I owe bliss, from which I am alone am irrevocably excluded. I was benevolent and good, misery made me a fiend. Make me happy, and I shall again be virtuous."

the creature

He was inherently good but was forced to be evil by a cruel world

the creature

following Elizabeth's murder, what does Victor now fear

the murder of his father and of his brother

Jane Austen's heroines are often considered feminists for all of the following except

they are extremely concerned about getting married

Why did the Creature approach the blind man?

to ask for his friendship and protection

What is Walton' s purpose in the story

to be Victor's fail


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