Unit 4 - Matter & Energy in Ecosystems

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mitochondrion

the part or a cell where cellular respiration happens

glucose molecule

C6H12O6

cellular respiration reaction

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (energy)

carbon dioxide molecule

CO2

water molecule

H2O

biodome

a closed ecosystem made by humans

molecule

a group of atoms joined together in a particular way

glucose

a molecule that organisms can use to release energy; made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

energy storage molecule

a molecule that organisms can use to release the energy needed to survive

system

a set of interacting parts forming a complex whole

carbon

a type of atom that makes up molecules such as carbon dioxide and energy storing molecules

fat

a type of energy storage molecule - long term

carbohydrate

a type of energy storage molecule - short term; includes sugars and starches

starch

a type of energy storage molecule made of many glucose molecules connected together

glycogen

a type of energy storage molecule; a carbohydrate made of many smaller glucose molecules

glucose

a type of energy storage molecule; a simple sugar or carbohydrate

ecosystem

all the living and nonliving things interacting in a particular area

product

an ending substance that is made during a chemical reaction

producer

an organism that can make its own energy storage molecules (such as glucose)

decomposer

an organism that gets energy storage molecules (such as glucose) by breaking down dead matter

microorganism

an organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye

consumer

an organism that needs to eat in order to get energy storage molecules (such as starch and fat)

aerobic

involving oxygen

organisms

living things, such as plants, animals, and bacteria

biotic matter

matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem

abiotic matter

matter that makes up the nonliving parts of an ecosystem; such as air, water, and rocks

anaerobic

not involving oxygen

input

something that is required for a process

output

something that results from a process

energy

the ability to make things move or change

respiratory system

the body system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

cellular respiration

the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells

chloroplast

the part of a cell where photosynthesis happens

photosynthesis

the process by which plants and other producers use energy from sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose

cells

the tiny structures that make up all living things and are the smallest units able to perform life functions

connect

to link two or more things

atoms

the tiny pieces that all matter - all the stuff in the world - is made of

photosynthesis reaction

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2

oxygen molecule

O2


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