Unit 4 - Matter & Energy in Ecosystems
mitochondrion
the part or a cell where cellular respiration happens
glucose molecule
C6H12O6
cellular respiration reaction
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (energy)
carbon dioxide molecule
CO2
water molecule
H2O
biodome
a closed ecosystem made by humans
molecule
a group of atoms joined together in a particular way
glucose
a molecule that organisms can use to release energy; made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
energy storage molecule
a molecule that organisms can use to release the energy needed to survive
system
a set of interacting parts forming a complex whole
carbon
a type of atom that makes up molecules such as carbon dioxide and energy storing molecules
fat
a type of energy storage molecule - long term
carbohydrate
a type of energy storage molecule - short term; includes sugars and starches
starch
a type of energy storage molecule made of many glucose molecules connected together
glycogen
a type of energy storage molecule; a carbohydrate made of many smaller glucose molecules
glucose
a type of energy storage molecule; a simple sugar or carbohydrate
ecosystem
all the living and nonliving things interacting in a particular area
product
an ending substance that is made during a chemical reaction
producer
an organism that can make its own energy storage molecules (such as glucose)
decomposer
an organism that gets energy storage molecules (such as glucose) by breaking down dead matter
microorganism
an organism that is too small to be seen with the naked eye
consumer
an organism that needs to eat in order to get energy storage molecules (such as starch and fat)
aerobic
involving oxygen
organisms
living things, such as plants, animals, and bacteria
biotic matter
matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem
abiotic matter
matter that makes up the nonliving parts of an ecosystem; such as air, water, and rocks
anaerobic
not involving oxygen
input
something that is required for a process
output
something that results from a process
energy
the ability to make things move or change
respiratory system
the body system that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
cellular respiration
the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells
chloroplast
the part of a cell where photosynthesis happens
photosynthesis
the process by which plants and other producers use energy from sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose
cells
the tiny structures that make up all living things and are the smallest units able to perform life functions
connect
to link two or more things
atoms
the tiny pieces that all matter - all the stuff in the world - is made of
photosynthesis reaction
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
oxygen molecule
O2