Unit 4 test Psychology

C. Normative social influence

Even though Sophia doesn't really want to go to a wild fraternity party, she does because she wants the other college students to think highly of her. Sophie's behavior most reflects A. Informational social influence B. Prosocial behavior C. Normative social influence D. Kin selection

D. Instrumental

Fred is playing in the position of a defensive lineman in a football game. He smashes down a ball carrier to prevent the opponent from scoring. His idea was to prevent scoring by the other team not to hurt the ball carrier. In this scenario, fred's aggression is labeled: A. Relational B. Hostile C. Negative D. Instrumental

B. Most people perform no better than the accuracy rate of chance guessing in detecting deception from people's behavior

Identify a true statement about detecting deception A. Cognitive processing and response times to tasks and questions tend to speech up when someone is answering question deceptive B. Most people perform no better than the accuracy rate of chance guessing in detecting deception from people's behavior C. The polygraphic matching is the most reliable lie detector because it rarely yields false positive results D. The best lie detector attend to verbal information more than nonverbal information

A. Social facilitation

John , a singer , performs better when there is a large audience watching him perform . This is an of example of A. Social faciliation B. A self-serving bias C. Cognitive dissonance D. Normative social influences

D. Altruistic

Keith walks out of a resteraunt after having a lunch and sees a homeless old man sitting on a pavement. Keith feels bad for the old man, buys lunch for him, and gives him $20. In this scenario, Keith is displaying a(n) ________ behavior A. Narcissistic B. Egotistic C. Masochistic D. Altruistic

D. Diffusion of responsibility

Lorenzo who was busy working in his room, could hear a baby crying nearby but did not bother to go out and check thinking that his neighbors would probably do so. This is an example of: A, social facilitation B. Conformity C. Informational social influence D. Diffusion of responsibility

A. A Self-serving bias

Louis says he got a "D:" on the psychology test because the test was hard and an "A" on the english test because he prepared well. This scenario is an example____ A. A self-serving bias B. Factor observations C. Stimulate attributions error D. Fundamental attribution error

A. The fundamental attribution error

Margaret and Jack are working on a high priority project with a tight deadline. When Maragaret is unable to meet the deadline, Jack attribute it to her clumsiness. However, when he is unable to meet the same deadline, he blames it on poor planning by his manager. This scenario exemplifies A. The fundamental attribution error B. Groupthink C. Conformity D. An information social influence

B. Sexism

Mark thinks that women should not be allowed to fight in professional martial arts events because they are not physically strong enough. His thinking is an example of A. Racism B. Sexism C. Grouptink D. Conformity

C. Empathic

Naomi , a teacher , is talking to a student in her class While pleading with the teacher to postpone an upcoming test, the student beings to cry. Naomi decides to postpone the test to reduce the student's distress. According to C. Daniel Batson's empathy-altruism hypothesis. Naomi's decision to help the student is due to _______ motivation. A. Egotistic B. Sardonia C. Empathic D. Misathropic

B. Conformity

Nathan is the lead singer of his band. He starts wearing black tshirt, leather, jackets, and tight demins because everyone else in the band wears them. In this scenario Nathan's behavior exemplifies A. Social loafing B. conformity C. Abstracting D. Retalliation

C. Assortative mating

People tend to be attracted to and partner with people of a similar level of attractiveness to themsleves. This phenomen is known as A. Disruptive selection B. Intera-specfic recognition C. Assortive mating D. Dispositional attriburtion

A. Reasonable people may do things that seem cruel and unusal in the presence of poweful social influence

Psychologist Stanley Milgram's experiments show that: A. Reasonable people may do things that seem cruel and unusual in the presence of powerful social influence B. People tend to make situatiunal attributions for their failures and dispositional attributions for their successes C. People tend to explain others behavior in dispoitional rather than situational terms D. Reasonable people try to figure our thers by juding whether or not they are being truthful

C. Self-serving bias

Rite flunked a test. Her father, larry, thinks that this happened because the test was too hard. In this scenario, Larry's belief is an example of A. Out-group homogeneity B. Cognitive dissonance C. A self-serving bias D. A situational attributions

D. Groupthink

Sometimes people go to great length to do what the group is doing, when it does not make sense especially in group engaged in decision making. This phenomen is called__________ A. Cognitive dissonance B. Scaoegoating C. Group decision making D. groupthink

B. Obedience

Stefan listens to is mother and follows rules that she has set for him. Stefan's behavior is an example of A. Abstraction B. Obedience C. Discrimination D. Normative social influence

D. Hilda says that all women should be able to cost

Which of the following is an example of prejudice? A. Laila attributes the reason for her son's grades to his laziness B. Admir likes his coffee half and half C. Nikki cannot afford to live in a high-income neighborhood D. Hilda says that all women should be able to cost

C, individual tend to relax their standard in the presence of others

Which of the following is the best explanation of social loafing? A. Parents behavior in public influences their children's personaliites B. People adjust their behavior to adhere to cultural norms C. Individual tend to relax their standard in the presence of others D. People readily get influence by others in order to be more widely accepted

A. They are rules acceptable behavioral imposed by the cultural context in which ones lives

Which of the following is true about social norms? A. They are rules about acceptable behavioral imposed by the cultural context in which one lives B. They are habits that people cannot overcome C. They are environmental factors that enable people to perform a task better in the present of others D. They are the same across cultures

D. They allow for quick, but often inaccurate, impressions

Which of the following is true about stereotypes? A. They help in making situational attributions for our failures and dispositional attributions for our successes B. There are two types—dispositional and situational C. They help in judging people and their personalities by their actions D. They allow for quick, but often inaccurate, impressions

A. Sexual strategies theory

Which of the following theories suggests that men and women often approach relationships differently? A. Sexual strategies theory B. Social exchange theory C. Out-group homogeneity theory D. Cognitive-dissonance theory

Empathy

_________: Ability to share the feelings of others and understand their situations

Aggression

_________: Violent behavior that is intended to cause psychological or physical harm , or both , to another being

attribution

_________: inferences made about the causes of other people's behavior

persuasion

_________:Act of attempting to change the opinions , beliefs , or choices of others by explanation or argument

Attitude

_________:An individual's favorable or unfavorable beliefs , feelings , or actions toward an object , idea , or person

Discrimination

_________:Preferential treatment of certain people , usually driven by prejudicial attitudes

stereotypes

_________:Schemas of how people are likely to behave based simply on groups to which they belong

Altruism

_________:Selfless attitudes and behavior toward others

Conformity

_________:Tendency of people to adjust their behavior to what others are doing or to adhere to the norms of their culture

Obedience

_________:Type of conformity in which a person yields to the will of another person

D. In-group/out-group bias

Bob, a professional wrestler, likes all the members of his wrestling team. However, he dislikes the members of the other teams. In this scenario, Bob is displaying A. Prosocial behavior B. Self-serving bias C. Cognitive dissonance D. In-group/out-group bias

B. Intimacy

According to Robert Sternber's triangular theory of love, ________ refers to close, connected, and bonded feelings in loving relationships A. Conformity B. Intimacy C. Dissonance D. Commitment

C. The control group

Aisha and simone pretend to be participants, but actually work for the experimenter. In this case, Aisha and Simone are considered to be A. Confederates B. Bystanders C. The control group D. Moderators

B. Social loafing

Beth, a singer in a choir, is less likely to sign her heart out when there are dozens of other voices supported hers. This is an example of A. Normative social influence B. Social loafing C. Reciprocal altruism D. A self-serving bias