Unit 5 Retake

Corporate farms have gained a greater advantage over family farms.

*Which of the following statements best describes the impact of improvements in transportation systems on agriculture?

Modern farmers are engaged in production, research, marketing, and some manufacturing of their products.

*Why is the traditional classification of agriculture as a primary economic activity a problem when considering the geography of agriculture?

The township-and-range survey system was based on a geometric grid pattern, while the long-lot system was a rectilinear pattern based upon waterways or roads.

Which of the following best explains the differences between the patterns of land use in the township-and-range system and the long-lot system, as shown in the images?

Both domesticated plants and animals spread across the globe through contagious diffusion in early years by farmers and traders, and later by relocation diffusion through European exploration and colonialism.

Which of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication?

Extensive grain or stock raising

Which of the following activities is most likely to be found in the outermost zone of von Thünen's model of agricultural land use?

Consumer demand for organic foods has significantly decreased the amount of meat produced by most agribusiness firms .

*All of the following statements about the geography of meat production in the United States and Canada are true EXCEPT

Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid seeds and the chemical inputs to grow them, leaving large gaps in the success of the Green Revolution outside of urban cores.

*During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultural yields?

Refrigerated Ships

*During the first half of the twentieth century, which of the following facilitated the transportation of beef over long distances to global markets?

the federal survey system adopted in the late eighteenth century imposed a geometric pattern on the landscape

*Land parcels in the American Midwest tend to be rectilinear because

Sheep production is an example of extensive agriculture requiring large pastures, whereas poultry production is an example of intensive agriculture often practiced indoors.

*Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products?

a shift to animal raising

*The clearing of tropical rain forest for agriculture frequently results in

The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce

*The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions?

Burning extensive areas of forested land to create pasture, decreasing biodiversity

*Which of the following agricultural practices has the most significant long-term environmental impact in tropical regions?

Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China.

*Which of the following best explains the importance of climate to agricultural practices?

Drought and depletion of groundwater sources in developing countries cause a rise in global grain prices and associated higher costs for food.

*Which of the following explains an impact of globalized agricultural commodity chains on consumers as compared to producers?

The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication.

*Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Colombian Exchange?

Multicropping

*Which of the following is a characteristic of shifting cultivation?

Both farming practices involve the consolidation of family farms and displacement of rural communities.

*Which of the following is an explanation for the similar impact of large-scale commercial agriculture in developed countries and plantation agriculture in developing countries?

An increase in land and water pollution from agricultural runoff

*Which of the following social or environmental impacts is most directly related to the use of chemicals in agriculture?

Grain crops require extensive acreage and are grown on land that is less costly and farther away from the market than other agricultural land uses.

Based on the diagram of von Thünen's model of agricultural land use, which statement best explains the connection between land value and agricultural production regions?

These regions are composed of less-developed countries with large rural populations.

Based on the map, which of the following explains the similarities of the world regions where at least 51 percent of women work in agriculture?

The ring farthest from the market, because the land is less expensive and outweighs transportation costs to get the livestock to market.

Based on von Thünen's model of rural land use in an isolated state, which statement explains the most suitable place for a farmer to purchase a large parcel of land necessary for raising livestock?

Many women in these regions work on farms and grow food for their families, but not all are paid to do this work.

Compare the two maps and examine the data for Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. Which of the following statements is supported by the comparison of the two maps?

Central Mexico

Corn (maize) was first domesticated in

Coffee

In North America, which of the following frequently consumed items is most likely to be supplied by a trans-national corporation?

an increase in the use of energy and technology

Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by

Subsistence agriculture

Production of agricultural products destined primarily for direct consumption by the producer rather than for market is called

The development of high-yield grains and the expansion of cultivated areas

Green Revolution technology has resulted in which of the following in modern agriculture?

Farmers' health is at risk in less developed countries, whereas environmental pollution is a risk in more developed countries.

In less developed countries, pesticides are typically applied by hand, whereas pesticides are typically applied by tractors or aircraft in more developed countries. Which of the following best explains the risks associated with pesticide applications?

in the dry regions of Africa and Asia

Nomadic pastoralism is an extensive agricultural system practiced

Technological innovations, such as the devices shown in the images, and increased agricultural productivity led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories.

The images show devices developed during the Second Agricultural Revolution. Which of the following best describes the impacts of the Second Agricultural Revolution? (Steam plowing engine and combine harvester)

Feedlots can minimize costs associated with livestock production because feedlots do not use as much space as cattle ranching.

The two images represent two different methods of raising livestock in the United States. Which of the following statements most accurately compares these two agricultural practices?

The mechanization of farming in the Second Agricultural Revolution resulted in more reliable crop harvests and healthier populations in areas where the mechanization was adopted.

The two images show different agricultural methods. In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images?

intensive agriculture based on irrigation

Traditionally, the Ganges Valley and the Nile Valley have had comparatively high population densities because of their

Transportation cost

Von Thünen emphasized which of the following factors in his model of agricultural land use?

Both systems require geometric calculations to survey property lines. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape.

Which of the following best explains the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two land survey systems shown? (Township and Range/Metes and Bounds)

Limited farmland encourages intensive farming with inter cropping to produce high yields.

Which of the following best explains why farmers would plant both strawberries and watermelons in the same field?

Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products.

Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming?

Tomatoes are grown closest to the market because they spoil quicker than beef or grain.

Which of the following correctly explains the placement of an agricultural product within von Thünen's agricultural land-use model?

In the subsistence-based rural economies in these regions, female farmers produce much of the food that their families need for survival.

Which of the following explains the significance of the similarities between Asia and sub-Saharan Africa in terms of the percent of women working agriculture?

Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals.

Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia?

Southeast Asia, Mesoamerica, Middle East

Which of the following includes the world's earliest centers of plant domestication?

Corn

Which of the following is a subsistence crop?

were engaged in collecting plant resources

Women played a crucial role in the domestication of plants because they