Unit 6-9 Study guide

Which of the following best characterizes Western imperialist expansion in the late nineteenth century?

An unprecedented amount of territory colonized in a short period of time

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of the global economic depression of the 1930s?

Governments began to take a more active role in their economies.

In the early twentieth century, nationalist movements in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East were led primarily by

educated urban elites

Western-led military alliance systems such as NATO that emerged during the Cold War period sought to

prevent the spread of communism

Which of the following was the most direct consequence of the widespread availability of a reliable birth control pill during the twentieth century?

An increased participation of women in the workforce

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Chinese and the Mexican revolutions during the twentieth century?

Both generated land-redistribution policies.

Which of the following is a similarity between European and Asian immigrants to the Americas during the nineteenth century?

Both were attracted by employment opportunities.

Social Darwinism was used to justify which of the following during the nineteenth century?

British colonization of India

A historian researching international migration patterns of the nineteenth century would find which of the following sources most useful?

Census records from New York and Buenos Aires detailing the birthplaces of individuals

Which of the following most accurately describes the interactions between China and Europe in the nineteenth century?

China effectively lost its economic independence to Europe as a result of military losses to European forces.

Which of the following is the basis for nearly all the boundaries of today's sub-Saharan African states?

Decisions by European powers during the process of colonization

Which of the following was the most significant factor that prevented many African states from achieving political stability in the decades after their independence?

Ethnic and religious conflicts caused by the inclusion of rival groups within the same borders

Which of the following facilitated European expansion in Asia in the nineteenth century?

Europe's development of new military technologies

Which of the following resulted from Europe's expansion overseas in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?

European countries acquired colonies and dominated world trade.

Which of the following best supports the contention that the First World War was the first total war?

Governments mobilized large segments of their populations and economies and targeted their opponents' military and economic capabilities.

Which of the following factors contributed most to women gaining the right to vote in industrialized countries between 1914 and 1950 ?

In the First and Second World Wars, women made highly visible contributions to the war effort.

Which of the following countries or regions led the world in the production of cotton cloth in 1700?

India

Which of the following contributed significantly to the decline of both the Qing and the Ottoman Empires?

Internal conflict with ethnic and religious minorities

Which of the following is characteristic of the Green Revolution of the 1960s through the 1980s?

It used new technologies to increase agricultural yields in developing regions.

In the mid-twentieth century, the presence of Chinese and Japanese populations in North America and of South Asian populations in the Caribbean and South Africa is best explained by which of the following?

Labor migrations during the nineteenth century

A historian researching the motives of the perpetrators of the Holocaust would find which of the following sources most useful?

Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War

Which of the following best describes an important difference between the theories of revolution of Mao Zedong and those of Lenin?

Mao placed emphasis on the revolutionary potential of peasants.

Which of the following statements about Africa after 1946 is true?

Most African colonies gained national independence.

Which of the following was a common characteristic of the major revolutions that occurred in Russia, China, and Mexico in the early twentieth century?

Nationalism and socialism helped shape all three revolutions.

Which of the following most directly led to the start of the First World War?

Nationalist competition among industrialized powers for resources

Nationalist leaders in Africa and Asia, such as Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969), Jomo Kenyatta (1894-1978), and Kwame Nkrumah (1909-1972), had which of the following in common?

Opposition to colonial rule

Which of the following is an accurate description of relations between European states and the Ottoman Empire in the period 1815 to 1914 ?

Russian, English, and French expansion came at the expense of the Ottomans.

Which of the following African countries continued to have a sizeable segment of the population with European ancestry in the 1990s?

South Africa

Which of the following was a major similarity between the goals of leaders of the Chinese Communist Revolution, such as Mao Zedong, and the goals of leaders of the Mexican Revolution, such as Emiliano Zapata, in the early twentieth century?

Support for redistribution of land to poor peasants

The founding North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is best understood in the context of which of the following?

The Cold War

After which event did the United States and the Soviet Union emerge as superpowers with respect to the rest of the world?

The Second World War

Which of the following countries experienced the greatest number of war-related deaths during the Second World War?

The Soviet Union

Which of the following was the most immediate effect of the collapse of the communist regime in the Soviet Union?

The end of the Cold War

Which of the following statements best represents a nationalistic interpretation of the collapse of the Ottoman and Russian empires during and immediately after the First World War?

The growing demands of various ethnic groups within these multiethnic empires were the primary reasons for the collapse.

What was the leading cause of the unprecedented increase in global population in the twentieth century?

The impact of medical innovations and public health measures

Which of the following statements is true about the world at the end of the twentieth century?

The pace and intensity of international contacts accelerated as a result of transportation and communication breakthroughs.

Which of the following describes a major change in international relations in the 1980s and 1990s?

The reduction of confrontations between communist and noncommunist countries

Which of the following describes the effect of skin color, ethnicity, and former slave status in Latin America in the late nineteenth century?

There continued to be discrimination on the basis of all three factors.

In China between 1958 and 1962, Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward, an effort to make China an industrial power through mass collectivization of agriculture, is best understood as an example of

a communist government exerting control over the national economy

All of the following resulted from the French and Russian Revolutions EXCEPT

a socialist economic system

Before 1870, the European presence in Africa was characterized primarily by

coastal enclaves for trade and a few settlements

The Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union during the second half of the twentieth century was characterized by competition primarily over

ideology and economic structure

The partition of British India in 1947 created the new Muslim state of Pakistan and the predominantly Hindu state of India. The immediate result of the drawing of new geographic boundaries was

religious and ethnic violence that led to mass migrations and massacres

Darwin's theories were interpreted by Social Darwinists to indicate that

select human groups would dominate those less fit

China's strategy for modernization and economic development in the 1950s most closely resembled the developmental strategy of

the Soviet Union