Unit 8 History Exam (Groupings)

korean war

After WWII, Korea had been partitioned along the 38th parallel into a northern zone governed by the Soviet Union, and a southern zone controlled by the U.S. In 1950, after the Russians had withdrawn, leaving a communist government in the North, the North invaded the South. The U.N. raised an international army led by the U.S. to stop the North. It was the first use of U.N. military forces to enforce international peace. Called a limited war, because the fighting was to be confined solely to the Korean peninsula, rather than the countries involved on each side attacking one another directly.

the rosenburgs

Americans who were members of the NYC Communist Party. Ethel Rosenberg's brother had supposedly turned over detailed diagrams of America's first atomic bomb to the Rosenbergs, who then gave them to the Soviet consul in NYC [Red Scare. (Communists were often referred to as "Reds" for their allegiance to the red Soviet flag.) The Red Scare led to a range of actions that had a profound and enduring effect on U.S. government and society. Federal employees were analyzed to determine whether they were sufficiently loyal to the government, and the House Un-American Activities Committee, as well as U.S. Senator Joseph R. McCarthy, investigated allegations of subversive elements in the government and the Hollywood film industry. The most famous examples of McCarthyism include the speeches, investigations, and hearings of Senator McCarthy himself; the Hollywood blacklist, associated with hearings conducted by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC); and the various anti-communist activities of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) under Director J. Edgar Hoover. McCarthyism was a widespread social and cultural phenomenon that affected all levels of society and was the source of a great deal of debate and conflict in the United States.]

barbie doll

Eleven inches tall, with a waterfall of blond hair, Barbie was the first mass-produced toy doll in the United States with adult features. The woman behind Barbie was Ruth Handler, who co-founded Mattel, Inc. with her husband in 1945. After seeing her young daughter ignore her baby dolls to play make-believe with paper dolls of adult women, Handler realized there was an important niche in the market for a toy that allowed little girls to imagine the future.

JoAnn Robinson

English teacher at Alabama State College who spread the word of the boycott to a larger community. Led the Women's Political Council. Wrote, mimeographed, and distributed 50,000 copies of a leaflet telling the story of Mrs. Parks' arrest and urging all African Americans to stay off city buses on December 5th.

Iron curtain speech

1964 Speech delivered by Winston Churchill at Fulton, Missouri where he said "An iron Curtain has descended across Europe", the curtain refereeing to communism.

muddy waters

Muddy Waters was born McKinley Morganfield on April 4, 1915, in Rolling Fork, Mississippi. Waters grew up immersed in the Delta blues, and was first recorded by archivist Alan Lomax. In 1943, he moved to Chicago and began playing in clubs. A record deal followed, and hits like "I'm Your Hoochie Coochie Man" and "Rollin' Stone" made him an iconic Chicago blues man. influenced elvis

Brown v board of education

Topeka board of education denied Linda Brown admittance to an all white school close to her house. Thurgood Marshall argued that a separate but equal violated equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. Warren decided separate educational facilities were inherently unequal.

sputnick

First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.

American bandstand

Hosted by Dick Clark started airing in 1957, was a televised showcase of rock 'n' roll hits in which a live audience danced to recorded music. this spread of popularity of rock and made the host one of the best known figures among young Americans.

marshal plan

Introduced by Secretary of State George G. Marshall in 1947, he proposed massive and systematic American economic aid to Europe to revitalize the European economies after WWII and help prevent the spread of Communism.

Federal highway act of 1956

National Interstate and Defense Highways Act (Public Law 84-627), was enacted on June 29, 1956, when President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the bill into law. With an original authorization of US$25 billion for the construction of 41,000 miles (66,000 km) of the Interstate Highway System supposedly over a 10-year period, it was the largest public works project in American history through that time.[1]

GI bill

The G. I. Bill of Rights or Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 provided for college or vocational education for returning World War II veterans (commonly referred to as GIs or G. I.s) as well as one-year of unemployment compensation. It also provided loans for returning veterans to buy homes and start businesses.

saying grace

The illustration appeared on the cover of the Nov. 24, 1951 issue of The Saturday Evening Post, and has been interpreted by many as portraying a family dining on Thanksgiving in an unconventional scene. The onlookers' faces betray curiosity, even a slight sense of bemusement, but not a hint of mockery or contempt. Zoom out a bit farther and you'll notice two more observers taking in the scene. Amid all the evident cacophony in the restaurant, these men surely couldn't have been alerted by their ears to the woman's and boy's murmurings; more likely, they caught sight of this strange tableau while idly scanning the room, their heads abruptly stopping mid-swivel, their thoughts somewhere along the lines of " Much has been made of this image since it first appeared on the cover of The Saturday Evening Post, in November 1951. It has been upheld as a brave and righteous affirmation of the need for religious faith in an increasingly godless society. It has been dismissed as a ghastly specimen of sentimental kitsch. Most commonly, though, it has been celebrated as an affecting snapshot of Americans at their best: jumbled together, disparate of background, yet coexisting peacefully.

THEM

Them! is the first of the 1950s "nuclear monster" movies, and the first "big bug" feature. A nest of gigantic irradiated ants is discovered in the New Mexico desert; they quickly become a national threat when it is discovered a young queen ant and her consorts have escaped to establish a new nest. The national search that follows finally culminates in a battle with Them in the concrete spillways and sewers of Los Angeles.

little rock nine

a group of African-American students who were enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957. The ensuing Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school by Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus, and then attended after the intervention of President Eisenhower, is considered to be one of the most important events in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. we went to central high and it was tiiight!

The Beats

a group of American writers who came to prominence in the 1950s, as well as the cultural phenomena that they wrote about. Central elements of "Beat" culture include a rejection of mainstream American values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an interest in Eastern spirituality. (the 1950's) expressed their alienation from conventional, or "square," society by adopting an almost uniform style of seedy dress, manners, and "hip" vocabulary borrowed from jazz musicians. Generally apolitical and indifferent to social problems, they advocated personal release, purification, and illumination through the heightened sensory awareness that might be induced by drugs, jazz, sex, or the disciplines of Zen Buddhism. Apologists for the Beats, among them Paul Goodman, found the joylessness and purposelessness of modern society sufficient justification for both withdrawal and protest. Beat poets sought to liberate poetry from academic preciosity and bring it "back to the streets." They read their poetry, sometimes to the accompaniment of progressive jazz,

montgomery bus boycott

a political and social protest campaign started in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama, intended to oppose the city's policy of racial segregation on its public transit system. It also had many important people that were all involved in eliminating bus segregation, such as Martin Luther King Jr., and others, as listed below. This caused deficits in public transit profits because a large percentage of people who used the public transportation were now boycotting it. The ensuing struggle lasted from December 1, 1955, to December 20, 1956, and led to a United States Supreme Court decision that declared the Alabama and Montgomery laws requiring segregated buses unconstitutional.

diners club

first plastic credit card 1949 In February 1950 the Diners ClubOffsite Link issued the first "general purpose" credit cardOffsite Link, invented by Diners Club founder Frank X. McNamara. The card allowed members to charge the cost of restaurant bills only.

I love lucy

a television show based on the lives of a middle class couple, later turned family with the addition of little Ricky; this show somewhat challenged the original stereotype of the housewife; the main character does not exactly challenge her husband as much as she reacts to him and his overreactions

disneyland

anaheim buying land disney world the freeways family theme

rebel without a cause

offered both social commentary and an alternative to previous films depicting delinquents in urban slum environments.[2][3] Over the years, the film has achieved landmark status for the acting of cultural icon James Dean, fresh from his Oscar nominated role in East of Eden and who died before the film's release, in his most celebrated role. This was the only film during Dean's lifetime in which he received top billing. In 1990, Rebel Without a Cause was added to Library of Congress's National Film Registry as being deemed "culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant". The film was a groundbreaking attempt to portray the moral decay of American youth, critique parental style, and explore the differences and conflicts between generations. The title was adopted from psychiatrist Robert M. Lindner's 1944 book, 1955) is a film that sympathetically views rebellious, American, restless, misunderstood, middle-class youth. The tale of youthful defiance, which could have been exploitative - but wasn't, provides a rich, but stylized (and partly out-dated) look at the world of the conformist mid-1950s from the perspective of the main adolescent male character - a troubled teen with ineffectual parents, who faces a new school environment.

Levittown

symbolized most significant social trends of postwar era-flight to suburbs Levittowns (1947) The name of some large suburban developments created in the United States of America by William Levitt and his company Levitt & Sons.