Unit 9 Practice Test

If a 100 W incandescent light bulb uses 360 kJ of energy per hour, and a compact fluorescent bulb uses 1/4 as much, how much energy would a compact fluorescent bulb use in 30 minutes?

45 kJ

Use Figure 13-2. What is the best estimate of the highest amount of solar radiation available in the United States?

7 kWh/m2/day

Use Table 13-1. A community has 200,000 homes and 1 percent of those homes have plasma televisions. How many kWh of excess energy are being consumed in a year (365 days) by the households that use plasma televisions rather than Energy Star LCD televisions?

818,000 kWh

Use Table 12-1. Which would be the most energy efficient?

Coal

One of the biggest limitations to the wide scale use of geothermal energy is the need for

a suitable site

As countries become more developed, the demand for

commercial energy sources increases.

Use Figure 12-1. The projected rise in the use of coal as an energy source is best explained by

the use of coal in developing countries such as China and India.

Cogeneration increases the efficiency of a power plant by

using the steam generated as a thermal energy source.

Fish ladders help to mitigate the environmental problems caused by

water impoundment systems.

Use Figure 12-3. The curves predict that oil production

will reach a peak, then decrease.

On a worldwide basis the fastest growing renewable source for generating electricity is

wind

If an average refrigerator uses 500 watts of energy per hour and your energy cost is $0.11 per kWh, approximately how much does the energy used by the refrigerator cost per month?

$40

If ANWR (the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge) yields a projected peak amount of approximately 330 million gallons of oil per year and the United States uses roughly 110 billion gallons of oil per year, what percent of the oil used per year would ANWR provide?

0.3 percent

A sample of U-235 has a half-life of 700 million years. What fraction of the parent material will remain after 2800 million years?

1/16

Automobile A gets 40 mpg on a 200-mile trip. Automobile B gets 20 mpg for the same trip. What fraction of gas does Automobile A use compared to Automobile B?

1/2 the amount

Use Table 13-1. If both LCD televisions are on for 4 hours per day for one month (30 days) how much less energy does the Energy Star television use during that time?

12 kWh

The United States imports approximately what percent of its energy needs?

15 percent

Put the items below in correct sequence for using wind to generate electricity. 1 - A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. 2 - Wind turns the wind turbine blade. 3 - A gear box transfers mechanical energy to a generator. 4 - Electricity is transferred to the grid.

2-3-1-4

Natural gas is considered the cleanest fossil fuel because it burns _____ percent as much CO2 as coal. However, a trade-off of natural gas compared to other fossil fuels is that ________________ .

20; carbon dioxide can be released into the atmosphere

The energy expenditure value of traveling by car is 3.6 MJ/passenger-kilometer. A gallon of gasoline contains 120 MJ. Approximately how many gallons of gasoline would be required for a trip of 1,000km?

30

The efficiency of the transfer of energy from a fuel to electricity is approximately

35 percent

Use Table 13-1. If a household watches television 4 hours per day for a year (365 days), how many more kWh will the plasma television use than the Energy Star television?

409 kWh

Which of the following is most likely to cause a quicker increase in the amount of electricity generated using renewable energy sources?

A fall in the cost of the technology required to use renewable energy sources

Which is NOT a benefit of green roofs?

A green rood is very heavy

Which is NOT a reason that the use of oil has risen dramatically since 1900?

Abundance in the contiguous United States

Which is NOT a disadvantage of nuclear energy?

Air pollution occurs while the nuclear plant is active.

Which countries have the largest commercial uranium mining operations?

Australia, the United States, Canada

Which is the largest component of energy generated from renewable sources in the United States?

Biomass

Which location saw the most damaging nuclear accident?

Chernobyl, Ukraine

Which country generates the most electricity from wind energy?

China

What form of nonrenewable energy is currently the least expensive to use for electricity production in terms of cost per kWh?

Coal

Which conventional fossil fuel resource is in largest supply worldwide?

Coal

Which energy source can provide the greatest amount of electricity generation in the United States because of its abundance?

Coal

Which is NOT a reason that coal is so widely used around the world?

Coal has a low energy density.

In the use of coal to produce energy, which does NOT decrease the energy efficiency of the process?

Cogeneration

Which is NOT an environmental cost associated with the use of coal?

Creation of highly radioactive waste

Which is NOT a reason that smart-grid technology might be beneficial in the United States?

Current energy suppliers are located in small, decentralized energy generation parks.

Which country's percentage of electricity from wind power is the highest?

Denmark

Which is a disadvantage of solid biomass as an energy source?

Emission of particulate matter and carbon monoxide

Use Figure 13-2. On the East Coast, which state has the greatest potential for solar power generation?

Florida

Which is NOT a source of energy that is originally derived from the sun?

Geothermal

What is one benefit of using geothermal energy rather than the kinetic energy of water to generate electricity?

Geothermal energy does not cause flooding

Use Figure 12-3. The above bell-shaped curve representing global oil production is known as the

Hubbert curve

Which in NOT an environmental cost of water impoundment systems?

Hydroelectric power generation creates significant CO2 emissions.

Which energy source is Sun-driven? I. Wind power II. Biodiesel III. Geothermal

I and II

Which is a problem associated with the use of trees for biomass? I. Potential deforestation II. Burning fossil carbon III. Potential soil erosion

I and III

What is a benefit of natural gas? I. There is almost no trace metals or sulfur dioxide. II. Methane is released in smaller proportions. III. Groundwater contamination is prevented through hydraulic fracturing.

I only

Governments can encourage energy conservation by I. raising taxes on fossil fuel use. II. offering tax credits to replace old appliances with new energy-efficient appliances. III. investing in smart grid technology.

I, II and III

Which is a true statement about the smart grid? I. The smart grid is a self-regulating electricity distribution network. II. The smart grid accepts any source of electricity and distributes it automatically. III. The smart grid could help manage electricity demand to prevent electricity shortages.

I, II, and III

Which energy source is considered nonrenewable? I. Solar energy II. Nuclear energy III. Fossil fuel

II and III

Which of the following is considered to be a subsistence energy source? I. Coal II. Charcoal III. Wood

II and III

Carbon neutrality refers to I. using renewable sources of energy. II. an activity that does not change atmospheric CO2 concentrations. III. implementing efficient measures to reduce carbon emissions.

II only

Which is a carbon-based renewable energy resource? I. Coal II. Charcoal III. Solar

II only

Why is a gas water heater more energy efficient overall than an electric water heater when electricity comes from a coal-fired power plant? I. The electric water heater has a lower direct efficiency. II. The energy efficiency of the coal-fired power plant is low. III. Natural gas does not need to be transported.

II only

What is the best way to increase the efficiency of traveling by car?

Increase the number of passengers

In the United States, which sector utilizes the most energy?

Industry

Which can be a problem for run-of-the-river electricity generation stations?

Intermittent electricity generation

Why is a ground source heat pump an efficient choice for temperature control?

It uses up to 70 percent less energy than traditional central heating or air conditioning.

Which type of energy is utilized to produce tidal power?

Kinetic energy

Which resource consists mostly of CH4?

Natural gas

Which would NOT save energy?

Replacing fluorescent bulbs with incandescent bulbs

The major petroleum producing countries of the world from the greatest amount produced to the least amount produced are

Saudi Arabia, Russia, the United States.

Which is NOT a low level radioactive waste?

Spent fuel rods

Which source of biofuel cannot currently be used at a large scale because of its high cellulose content?

Switchgrass

The countries with the largest reserves of coal are

The United States, Russia, India, China

What is a benefit of flex-fuel vehicles?

The ability to run on both gasoline and E-85

Which is not a disadvantage of hydrogen as a fuel?

The scarcity of water in which electrolysis can be conducted

Which is the largest dam in the world?

Three Gorges Dam, China

Which is not an environmental cost associated with natural gas?

Trace metals released during combustion

Which is NOT a fossil fuel energy resource?

Uranium

Which would NOT be classified as biomass?

Uranium

Which is NOT a benefit of using wind energy over other renewables?

Wind turbines pose a threat to local wildlife.

Which would NOT be included in a passive solar energy design for heating and cooling in the Northern Hemisphere?

Windows along the west-facing wall

Which represents the correct sequence of increasing energy resource use in the United States from the late 1800s to the 1950s?

Wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric

Nondepletable energy resources include all of the following EXCEPT

biomass

What form of energy production can potentially reduce food resources?

biomass

Use Figure 13-1. More than 75 percent of U.S. renewable energy is provided by

biomass and hydroelectric energy.

Figure 12-4 demonstrates that in the United States (since 1950), energy intensity (measured by energy use per dollar of GDP) has

decreased steadily

Energy intensity is measured in the United States by

dividing energy use by dollar of gross domestic product.

Creation of highly radioactive waste

gasoline for transportation.

To construct a house using sustainable design, the building materials should

have a high thermal mass to reduce the need for heating.

A fuel cell works by combining ____ and ____ to produce water and electricity.

hydrogen, oxygen

Tidal power can only be generated

in locations with a large difference between high and low tides.

Uranium-235 is considered ideal for use in nuclear reactors because

it is highly fissionable.

The order of grades of coal from lowest energy content to highest energy content is

lignite, bituminous, anthracite.

A tiered rate system for electricity use charges customers

lower rates for the first increments of electricity used and higher rates as usage rises.

When supplies of a particular energy type are finite, it is known as a

nonrenewable resource.

Use Figure 12-1. The graph projects the smallest rise from 2008 to 2035 in the use of

nuclear power

South-facing windows are an example of

passive solar design