Unit one chapter 6 course point

A female client is diagnosed with breast abscess. Although she has been allowed to breastfeed her newborn, she decides to terminate breastfeeding. Which action would be most appropriate in this situation?

Assist the client to pump the breasts to remove breast milk.

A client reports lumpy, tender breasts, particularly during the week before menses. She reports pain that often dissipates after the onset of menses. The nurse suspects the client has fibrocystic breast changes. Which should the nurse do next?

Perform a breast examination.

In the United States, what type of cancer accounts for one-third of cancer diagnoses and is the most common cancer in women?

breast cancer

The nurse is caring for a client who reports having tender and painful breasts, often feeling multiple lumps within her breast tissue. Which statement made by the client requires clarification from the nurse?

"This disorder places me at increased risk for breast cancer."

At what age should a woman with no risk factors begin mammography screening for breast cancer?

40

The nurse is caring for a client who states, "I felt a round, movable mass in my left breast." Which action will the nurse take next?

Assess the client's breasts.

The nurse is caring for a 52-year-old woman whose sisters and mother died of breast cancer. The client states, "My doctor wants me to take tamoxifen to help prevent breast cancer. What do you think?" What would be the nurse's best response?

"Tamoxifen reduces the incidence."

A woman diagnosed with breast cancer is to undergo a lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy. When reviewing the treatment plan with the client, the nurse determines that the woman has understood the information based on which client statement?

"After they remove the tumor and some of the normal tissue, I'll start radiation in about 2 to 4 weeks."

The nurse is teaching a client with mastitis about care measures. Which client statement indicates effective teaching?

"I can use warm soaks to my breast to relieve the discomfort."

At a class for new mothers, the nurse notes that the participants need more teaching when one of the mothers makes which comment?

"I have to stop breastfeeding because of mastitis."

After teaching a client with mastitis about caring for her breasts, the nurse determines that the client has understood the instructions when she makes which statement?

"I will express milk with a breast pump until infection is resolved."

A client who has had a mastectomy is to undergo breast reconstruction with augmentation. After teaching the client about the procedure, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful based on which client statement?

"I'll use the same technique for breast self-exam as before."

It is recommended that a 48-year-old female client with breast cancer undergo a sentinel lymph node biopsy before a lumpectomy. The client asks the nurse the reason for removing the sentinel lymph node. Which statement would the nurse make?

"It will prevent lymphedema, which is a common side effect."

How should the nurse counsel a postpartum client on how to prevent mastitis?

"Wash your hands thoroughly, and let your breasts dry after each feeding."

When preparing a teaching plan for a woman with mastitis, the nurse would include which instruction?

Apply warm compresses to the affected breast.

A client has undergone a mastectomy for breast cancer. Which instruction should the nurse include in the postoperative client teaching plan?

Elevate the affected arm on a pillow.

A woman is crying because she just recently received the results of her biopsies, and they confirm that she has invasive breast cancer. Which response by the nurse is the mostappropriate?

Listen to the woman talk, and remain silent for a while

A female client with metastatic breast disease is receiving trastuzumab as part of her immunotherapy. The client has nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, appears jaundice, and has a distended abdomen. What would the nurse do next?

Notify the health care provider.

A 45-year-old female client tells the nurse she has a dimpling of the right breast that has occurred in the past 2 weeks. What action will the nurse take next?

Perform an examination of both of the client's breasts.

A small amount of breast milk is obtained for culture and sensitivity testing from a client with mastitis. The nurse would expect the results to identify which organism as the most likely cause?

Staphylococcus aureus

A client who is receiving external beam radiation therapy as part of her treatment for breast cancer comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing side effects of the treatment based on which findings? Select all that apply.

anorexia breast swelling

During a follow-up visit, a female client who underwent a mastectomy asks the nurse if she can work in her backyard or at least do some household work. Which suggestion would be mostappropriate?

Wear gloves and protective clothing to avoid any injuries.

In which client would the nurse suspect cancer?

a 45-year-old with thickening in one breast with nipple irritation and retraction and a pink discharge

A nurse is providing education to a woman about screening for breast cancer. The woman has no symptoms and no family history of breast cancer. Which recommendation would the nurse make based on the guidelines from the American Cancer Society?

annual mammogram beginning at age 40

A nurse is working at a cancer treatment center and is developing programs for specific ethnic groups related to breast cancer. The nurse would target which ethnic group because it has the highest breast cancer mortality rate in the United States?

black client

A client diagnosed with breast cancer is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse assesses the client for possible side effects of this therapy. Which side effect would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

bone marrow suppression

During a routine assessment, a client reports to the nurse a new lump in her right breast and occasional nipple pain. The client has a family history of breast cancer. The nurse will anticipate preparing the client for which procedure first?

breast examination

After teaching a group of students about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which sign?

breast symmetry

A nursing diagnosis of Risk for impaired tissue integrity would be most appropriate for which client?

client having reconstructive breast surgery

A nurse is conducting a presentation on breast cancer for a local women's group and explaining the possible risk factors associated with its development. The nurse determines that the group has understood the information when they identify which factor as increasing a woman's risk for breast cancer?

early menarche

The health care provider has just informed the client that her breast biopsy is positive for carcinoma. One of the nurse's first responsibilities is to assist with:

education

A nurse is providing postoperative care to a client who has had surgery to remove a malignant tumor from her breast. The nurse encourages the client to cough and deep breathe based on the understanding that this activity accomplishes which actions? Select all that apply.

expands collapsed alveoli promotes faster clearance of inhaled anesthetics prevents postoperative atelectasis

What is the most common breast mass in women?

fibroadenoma

A client is to receive brachytherapy as part of her treatment plan for breast cancer. After teaching the client about this therapy, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client identifies which condition as a possible side effect?

inflammation

The nurse is developing a presentation for a local women's health center about breast cancer. Which cancer would the nurse include as being the most common type of breast cancer?

invasive ductal carcinoma

What is the most common type of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of cases?

invasive ductal carcinoma

A client is considering breast augmentation. What would the nurse recommend to the client to ensure that there are no malignancies?

mammogram

A client has been diagnosed with in situ breast carcinoma. The nurse explains that this means:

it is noninvasive and has not extended beyond the point of origin.

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had surgery as treatment for breast cancer. The nurse would be alert for the development of which complication?

lymphedema

The nurse is preparing a client for breast biopsy of a lump. The nurse explains that a needle with a cutting edge will be inserted into a lump and rotated to remove a core sample. What type of breast biopsy is this client undergoing?

needle biopsy

A woman is scheduled to undergo a modified radical mastectomy. Which information would the nurse include when describing this surgery to the client?

removal of breast tissue and axillary nodes

A breast tumor is most likely found in what part of the breast?

the upper outer quadrant

A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with stage II breast cancer. Which finding would the nurse interpret as characteristic of this stage?

tumor that is about 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) in diameter with positive lymph nodes

As part of a presentation on breast cancer being given to a local woman's group, the nurse describes the need for early detection through screening. Applying the guidelines from the American Cancer Society, the nurse would emphasize which recommendation?

yearly mammograms for women starting at age 40