unit7and8ph

escharotomy

A client has a third-degree burn on the leg. The wound is being treated by the open method. After about 4 days, a hard crust has formed around the leg and is impairing the circulation to the leg. What procedure would be done to relieve pressure on the affected area?

Lactated Ringers (LR)

A client has partial-thickness burns on both lower extremities and portions of the trunk. Which IV fluid does the nurse plan to administer first?

Sinus Bradycardia

A client is diagnosed with an arrhythmia at a rate slower than 60 beats/minute with a regular interval between 0.12 and 0.20 seconds. What type of arrhythmia does the client have?

Curling's ulcer

A client sustained second- and third-degree burns over 30% of the body surface area approximately 72 hours ago. What type of ulcer should the nurse be alert for while caring for this client?

avoid devices with magnetic fields

A nurse is caring for a client who has had an automatic cardiac defibrillator implanted. What instructions should the nurse provide to the client?

defibrillation

A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting ventricular tachycardia (VT). Because the client is pulseless, the nurse should prepare for what intervention?

Hemodilution

A nurse provides care for a client with deep partial-thickness burns 48 hours after the burn. What would cause a reduced hematocrit in this client?

Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A nurse provides morning care for a client in the intensive care unit (ICU). Suddenly, the bedside monitor shows ventricular fibrillation and the client becomes unresponsive. After calling for assistance, what action should the nurse take next?

hypercalcemia

Bradydysrhythmias, blocks, cardiac arrest

hypokalemia

Bradydysrhythmias, conduction blocks

Hypomagnesemia

Dysrhythmias (Torsades, a form of V-Tac, is treated with magnesium)

Contractility

Force generated by the contracting myocardium

A urine output consistently above 40 ml/hour

In an industrial accident, a client who weighs 155 lb (70 kg) sustained full-thickness burns over 40% of his body. He's in the burn unit receiving fluid resuscitation. Which finding shows that the fluid resuscitation is benefiting the client?

singed nasal hair, hoarseness, voice change, stridor, burns of the face or neck, sooty or bloody sputum, and tachypnea

Indicators of possible pulmonary damage include

hyperkalemia

Long PR, Wide QRS, asystole, tall peaked T-waves (used on death row)

Hypermagnesemia

Long PR, Wide QRS, bradycardia, tall peaked T waves

Atrial Dysrhythmias

Originate in the atria Have a p-wave (but some rhythms have abnormal p-waves) Have a narrow QRS complex

Afterload

Resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle; systemic or pulmonary vascular resistance

hypocalcemia

Tachydysrhythmias, cardiac arrest

cardiac output

The amount of blood pumped by each ventricle during a given period; resting adult is about 5 L/min

Poor urine output may indicate inadequate perfusion to the kidneys

The client asks the nurse what urine output has to do with cardiac function. What is the best response by the nurse?

cardiac dysrhythmias

Which of the following is a common complication of an electrical burn injury?

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)

______ is as an irregularly fast or erratic heartbeat (arrhythmia) that affects the heart's upper chambers

Dysrythmia (Arrhythmia)

is a disorder of the formation or conduction (or both) of the electrical impulse within the heart, altering the heart rate, heart rhythm, or both and potentially causing altered blood flow

40-45 bpm

the bundle of hiss will generate a rate of

40-45 bpm

the left and right bundle branches generate a rate of

Sinus Bradycardia

an arrhythmia that proceeds normally through the conduction pathway but at a slower than usual (less than 60 beats/minute) rate.

Stroke Volume

Amount of blood ejected per heartbeat Single "stroke" of the heart Determined by preload, afterload, and contractility

Lund and Browder method

A young child is being evaluated for an area of burn involvement. The nurse knows the most accurate method of assessing the total body surface area is through the use of which assessment tool?

40-60 bpm

AV node generate a rate of

Automaticity

Ability to initiate an electrical impulse

Conductivity

Ability to transmit an electrical impulse from one cell to another

ventricular depolarization

During electrical cardioversion, the defibrillator is set to synchronize with the electrocardiogram (ECG) so that the electrical impulse discharges during

Cardiac Action Potential

Controlled by the exchange of electrically charged ions -- sodium, potassium, and calcium -- in and out of cardiac cells (myocytes)

Preload

Degree of stretch of the ventricular cardiac muscles at the end of diastole

60-100 bpm

SA node generates a rate of

normal sinus rhythm

The nurse analyzes a 6-second electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing. The P waves and QRS complexes are regular. The PR interval is 0.18 seconds long, and the QRS complexes are 0.08 seconds long. The heart rate is calculated at 70 bpm. The nurse correctly identifies this rhythm as

atrial depolarization

The nurse cares for a client with a dysrhythmia and understands that the P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG) represents which phase of the cardiac cycle?

Hypokalemia

The nurse identifies which of the following as a potential cause of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs)?

Atropine

The nurse is assessing a client with symptomatic bradycardia. What medication does the nurse anticipate will be ordered by the healthcare provider to treat the bradycardia?

Serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a major burn. Burns affect the immune system by causing a loss of large amounts of which of the following?

Alert the health care provider of the 3rd degree heart block

The nurse is caring for a client who is displaying a third-degree AV block on the EKG monitor. What is the priority nursing intervention for the client?

Paralytic ileus

The nurse is caring for a patient who sustained a major burn. What serious gastrointestinal disturbance should the nurse monitor for that frequently occurs with a major burn?

arterial flutter

The nurse is monitoring a patient in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) following a coronary artery bypass graft, observing a regular ventricular rate of 82 beats/min and "sawtooth" P waves with an atrial rate of approximately 300 beat/min. How does the nurse interpret this rhythm?

Delayed conduction, producing a prolonged PR interval

The nurse is observing the monitor of a patient with a first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. What is the nurse aware characterizes this block?

ventricular tachycardia

The nurse working in the emergency department places a client in anaphylactic shock on a cardiac monitor and sees the cardiac rhythm shown. Which dysrythmia should the nurse document?

20-40 bpm

The purkinje fibers generate a rate of

Sawtooth

The staff educator is presenting a class on cardiac dysrhythmias. How would the educator describe the characteristic pattern of the atrial waves in atrial flutter?

It is used to eliminate ventricular arrhythmias

The staff educator is teaching a class in arrhythmias. What statement is correct for defibrillation?