Upper extremities

Norgaard Method "Ball Catcher's Position"

Situation: A patient comes to the radiology department for a hand series to evaluate early evidence of rheumatoid arthritis. Which special position can be used in addition to the routine hand projections to evaluate this patient?

Wrist set up

Slightly arch the hand at the MCP joints by flexing the digits to place the wrist in close contact with the IR

Metacarpal articulate with the phalanges at their distal ends. The metacarpophalangeal (MCP) articulation are

Synovial ellipsoidal joints -flexion, extension, abduction, addiction, circumduction

Lateromedial in flexion hand

Useful when a hand injury prevents patients from extending fingers for a lateral -fingers are in flexion (when they can't bend them straight)

Burman Method

What AP Projection (with hyperflexion of the wrist,mangled 45-degrees towards the elbow) demonstrates the first CMC joint?

CMC joint

carpometacarpal joint

hinge joint movement

flexion and extension

synovial joint

freely movable joint

Lateral first digit

Clench fist to make thumb go to side

carpometacarpal joint

Connects the metacarpals to the distal carpals -top of the wrist bones

For the lateral third and fourth digit

Elevate them and place their long axes parallel with the plane of the IR

The interphalangeal articulations between the phalanges are synovial hinge type and allow for what

Flexion and extension

Lateral projection of digits

For second and third digit, have patients hand rest on the lateral or radial side (side near thumb) -for fourth or fifth digit have it test on the medial or ulnar side (pinky)

Oblique first digit

Hand resting normally -has oblique normally

Because the first digit on it has two phalanges, the joint between the two phalanges is simply called

IP joint

Collimation for digits

1 inch on all sides

folio method (skiers thumb)

PA stress view of a thumb, tests hyperextension of thumb -ulnar collateral ligament rupture in the MCP joint of thumb -tightly wrap rubber band around thumbs and place a roll of medical tape between

Digits numbered

1-6 Thumb is 1, pinky is 6

The ip joints are names by their location

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) or distal interphalangeal (DIP)

Ap projection of thumb

ROBERT method -used to show arthritic changes, fractures, displacement of the first CMC joint

For the lateral second and fifth digit

Rest them directly on the IR

PA first digit

Rest thumb on a radio graphic support or hold it up with a stick -central ray to MCP joint

Lateral projection hand central ray

Second digit MCP

Norgaard Method

what is the proper name for the position referred to as the "ball-catcher's position)

Wrist central ray

-perpendicular to the mid carpal area Radiocarpal joint

Ap first digit

Palm of thumb is touching IR -hand is kind of flipped upside down

Central ray for norgaard method

Perpendicular to a point midway between both hands at the level of the MCP joints

Central ray for hand

Perpendicular to the 3rd MCP joint; except for LATERAL

MCP

metacarpophalangeal joint -knuckle joint

radiocarpal joint

pertaining to the joint between the radius and wrist