US Chapter 9

Women in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.

Somewhat more likely to support; Democratic

Men in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.

Somewhat more likely to support; Republican

Support for the Republican Party currently comes from the

South, Great Plains, and Mountain West

After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, a long-term Democratic voter switches party to become a Republican. Since party identification is usually formed in a voter's youth and persists over time, the voter's switch is best explained by

Strong factors that convinced the voter that the Democratic Party was no longer serving his or her interests

________ are independent, nonprofit groups that receive and distribute funds to influence the nomination, election, and/or defeat of a candidate.

Super PAC's

"Self-sorting" refers to the

Tendency of individuals to segregate themselves by choosing to live in liberal or conservative geographic areas

Imagine that you are looking at a Republican platform that favors government regulation, expansion of voting rights, and the creation of a national bureaucracy. This party platform most likely comes from which party system?

The Contemporary Party System (WRONG)

Which of the following outcomes would have been most likely if Ralph Nader had not been a third-party candidate in the 2000 presidential election?

The Democratic candidate would win the election

As a third-party candidate, Ross Perot captured approximately ________ of the popular vote in the 1992 presidential election.

20%

Caucus

A meeting of local party members to choose party officials or candidates for public office and to decide the platform

The extremely competitive elections in the United States since the year 2000 suggest the United States has

A patronage system (WRONG)

When Richard Nixon employed his "southern strategy," he

Appealed to White Voters in the South

Which of the following groups was NOT part of the New Deal coalition?

Asian Americans

In 1964, Republican Party presidential nominee ________ was in favor of less taxation and less government regulation of the economy—two ideas that became major themes for the modern Republican Party.

Barry Goldwater

A ________ is a meeting of a political group's members who gather to determine strategy and select candidates.

Caucus

There are very few party machines left today because

Civil service reform and the institution of the merit system mean that party leaders can no longer control who is appointed to government jobs

An individual who identifies as an independent believes that the United States needs to seriously address climate change and increase taxes on the wealthy. The person is more likely to lean toward which party?

Democratic Party (WRONG)

Since the 1930s, most African Americans have identified as

Democrats

The two major parties in the United States during the 1830s and 1840s were the ________ and the ________.

Democrats; Whigs

The political party that holds fewer seats in the Senate than any other party is known as the

Minority Party

The 2020 protests against police brutality include individuals from diverse backgrounds. If protesters sought to form a political party, they would need to

Mobilize popular support and build party organizations

The three most important tasks accomplished at a party's national convention are nominating the party's

Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidates, drafting the party's campaign platform, and approving changes in the rules governing party procedures

A system that allows voters to rank candidates from the most preferred to the least preferred on the ballot is called

Ranked-choice voting

Which of the following statements about ranked-choice voting is most accurate?

Ranked-choice voting has been implemented in some countries (such as Australia) and in a handful of American states and cities

Suppose you are working as a data analyst for one of the two major parties during a presidential election. Which approach should you use to micro-target independent voters over the age of 65 who live in suburban areas and regularly shop at Target?

Use voter registration file data in combination with Census and commercial data

The New Deal coalition was severely strained and ultimately broken apart by the

Vietnam War and the issue of Civil Rights

Duverger's law states that

a political system with single-member districts and plurality rule elections will tend to result in a two-party system

The Jeffersonian Republicans were best known for their support of

a weak national government, with the states retaining most powers

During the late 1840s and early 1850s, both the Democratic and Whig parties were divided by

conflicts over slavery

The goal of political parties is to

control the government by getting their candidates elected

A major benefit of ranked-choice voting is that it

eliminates the "spoiler" effect that occurs when votes for a third-party or minor candidate are discarded

One of the earliest activities in which party workers engage once the general election campaign begins is

ensuring that citizens are registered to vote

The Progressive movement of the early 1900s was motivated, in large part, by the

excessive power, corruption, and abuses of party machines and their bosses

Which list of issue positions is most likely to be supported by the national leadership of the Democratic Party?

expanding funding for education, public spending for infrastructure, and raising taxes on the wealthy and corporations

National party conventions are held every

four years and attended by delegates from all 50 states

A serious candidate for a U.S. House of Representatives race must raise at least several ________ dollars, while a serious candidate for a U.S. Senate race must raise at least several ________ dollars.

hundred thousand; million

An advertisement emailed only to evangelical Christian voters about a Democratic candidate's support for abortion would be an example of

micro-targeting

Political scientists have found that on economic issues, both the Democratic and Republican parties are

more responsive to the preferences of the upper and middle classes than the lower class

Party activists are ________ likely to contribute time to party affairs and ________ likely to hold more extreme views than the party's rank-and-file voters.

more; more

A party's platform is best understood as a

negotiated agreement between the various factions in the party

A party activist is an individual who

not only votes but also contributes time, energy, effort, and financial resources to party affairs

During the Senate impeachment trial of President Trump, all Republicans except one voted against impeachment. This illustrates the power of

party polarization

According to Duverger's law, which political system would most likely result in two dominant parties?

plurality rule elections with single member districts

Frustration with the two major parties in 2016 led voters to support:

populist candidates

Third-party candidates are better off under

proportional representation

In a proportional representation electoral system

seats in the legislature are allocated to political parties based on their share of the total vote cast in the election

A political party is an organization

that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office

The majority party

the party that holds the majority of legislative seats in either the House or the Senate

In 2020, the DNC used performance polls to determine which candidates could participate in televised presidential debates. Despite objections from candidates, the DNC could do this in its capacity

to set rules for primary and caucus elections as a national committee

A democracy in which one party wins all elections and competing parties have little chance to win

Activates citizens that otherwise would not vote (WRONG)

Which of the following statements about parties in Congress is true?

All members are allowed to take part in the election of the Speaker of the House

Which statement best characterizes the influence average citizens and party elites have over the nomination process in the United States?

Although average citizens have some influence in the nomination process, party elites play and outsized role in selecting candidates who will compete in the general election

To create the New Deal coalition, Franklin Roosevelt:

Expanded the Democratic Party's base

Emerging in the late 1780s, America's first two political parties were the

Federalists and the Jeffersonian Republicans

________ warned Americans against the dangers of political parties in his farewell address.

George Washington

According to political scientist John Aldrich, which of the following problems found in democratic governments do political parties help solve?

How to regulate the number of people seeking public office, how to mobilize voters, and how to achieve the majorities needed to accomplish legislative goals once in office

An individual who identifies a problem as a political issue and brings a policy proposal into the political agenda is referred to as a(n)

Idea Capitalist

An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party

Identification

Political scientists argue that a likely cause of party polarization in Congress is

Ideological diversity that ensures both parties have both liberal and conservative wings (WRONG)

The Republican Party is currently most internally divided over the issues of

Immigration OR Tax policy and government spending

Why would a strong supporter of third-party candidate Ross Perot in the 1992 presidential election vote for the Democratic candidate Bill Clinton instead?

In the United States' two-party system, voters have an incentive not to vote for third-party candidates

What were the most common favors political bosses distributed to loyal party members during the era of political machines?

Jobs

Which list of issue positions is most likely to be supported by the national leadership of the Republican Party?

Maintaining high levels of military spending, instituting tax relief for upper-income voters, and reducing corporate taxes

Which of the following groups is most likely to affiliate with the Republican Party?

Older White Voters

Identification with or support for a particular party or cause is known as

Partisianship

The division between the two major parties on most policy issues, with members of each party unified around their party's positions with little crossover, is called

Party polarization

The House vote to impeach President Trump is an example of

Party-line voting

A party's ________ contains its philosophy, principles, and policy positions.

Platform

A third party that gained some leverage in national and gubernatorial elections in the 1890 was the

Populist Party

Issues such as the environment, health care, retirement benefits, and taxation are on the political agenda in the United States because

These issues are important to the middle class, whose support both parties compete for

During the 1980s, the Republicans added ________ to their coalition.

Religious conservatives and working-class Whites

After the Civil War, African American men were more likely to vote for which party?

Republican

From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.

Republican

From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the ________ Party was the party of the North, while the ________ Party was the party of the South.

Republican; Democratic

The American system for electing members of Congress is often referred to as "winner take all" because

Runner-ups do not gain seats in government

Political parties hold primary elections or caucuses in order to

Select a single candidate to represent that party in the general election

One important cause of the two-party system in the United States is

Single-member, winner-take-all electoral districts

The United States has had ________ party systems since 1789.

Six

Third parties in the United States typically represent

Social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons

Which party system saw the formation of the Republican party out of the remnants of the Whig party and had conflicts over slavery as one of the dominant political issues?

The Second Party System

During the early nineteenth century, the Jeffersonian Republican's main base of strength was in

The South

The Federalist Party disappeared, in part, as a result of

The War of 1812

The American system for electing members of Congress is often referred to as "first past the post" because

The candidate with the most votes wins, even if they did not win a majority of the popular vote

The number of political parties there are in a country is determined primarily by

The country's electoral system and rules

Which of the following best characterizes the components of a party organization?

The formal structure of a political party, including leadership, election committees, members, and paid staff

Men are more likely than women to prioritize economic and national security issues. Women are more likely to prioritize healthcare and education issues. The difference in who men and women tend to vote for is known as

The gender gap

Trump's victory in the 2016 Republican primaries is evidence that

There are limits to party insiders' control of the presidential nomination process

At any given time in American politics, how many parties have tended to dominate politics?

Two