US History Chapter. 1
In the 1300s, Europe was looking for a new trade route to Asia because the old routes were controlled by
Arab and Italian merchants
Where do many scientists believe the first people in North America came from?
Asia
Aztec created their empire by
Conquering neighboring peoples
_______ allowed the Hohokam to thrive in the desert.
Irrigation Systems
How did the Renaissance lead to advances in sea exploration?
It spurred a time of scientific innovation that resulted in new navigational technology.
What distinguished the early French colonists from Spanish colonists?
Many French colonists lived among the Native Americans.
What did the Navigation Acts establish?
Many colonial products could only be sold to England or other English colonies.
The collapse of the Roman Empire led to a period of fragmented political systems in Western Europe, called
Middle Ages
When Hernán Cortés invaded Aztec capital, he took ________ hostage.
Montezuma
What colony did William Penn found?
Pennsylvania
Which explorer founded the city of Quebec?
Samuel de Champlain
What was the capital of the Aztec Empire?
Tenochtitlán
The first people to establish a civilization in Mesoamerica are believed to have been
The Olmec
_______ made the rise of the first Mesoamerican civilizations possible.
The agricultural revolution
What was the driving force behind European exploration during the 1300s and 1400s?
a desire for increased wealth through trade
Mercantilists believed that to become wealthy and powerful, a country had to
acquire gold and silver
In the 1640, Massachusetts Bay required all towns with at least 50 families to establish
an elementary school
Why did James II create the Dominion of New England?
because New England merchants were ignoring the Navigation Acts
The triangle trade involved the trade
between the Caribbean, British North American colonies, and England.
During Bacon's Rebellion, the rebels
burned Jamestown to the ground
What was the primary economy of the Middle Colonies?
cash-crop farming
What was the most profitable industry in New England?
fishing and shipping
Indigo was a valuable crop used
for making blue dye
The Virginia Company tried to entice settlers to come to Jamestown by offering which of the following?
free land
Subsistence farming in the South was a practice in which farmers
grew only enough to feed their families.
One important way that the Great Awakening affected American society was that
it led individuals to question traditional authority
What industry took advantage of New Hampshire's many waterfalls?
lumber
In 1620, a group of Puritan Separatists, who later became known as _______, sailed to America.
pilgrams
What did the Spanish call the large, multistory buildings that the Anasazi constructed as homes?
pueblos
One hallmark of the Enlightenment was an attachment to reason and logic called
rationalism
What spurred English settlers to begin colonizing North America in the 1500s?
religious and economic upheaval
What was the first English colony in America?
roanoke
Spanish and Portuguese acquisition of _______ eventually resulted in the purchase of enslaved West Africans in the 1400s.
sugarcane plantations
The Treaty of Tordesillas established which of the following?
that Spain would control everything west of a line of demarcation; Portugal would control everything to the east
On what principle was the colony of Rhode Island founded?
that all people should have the freedom to practice their own religion
a resurgence in religious fervor that took place in the colonies is known as
the Great Awakening.
The alliance that brought peace to the five nations of western New York in the 1500s was called
the Iroquois Confederation.
In 1630, John Winthrop and a group of Puritans set out to establish _______, which was to be a haven for Puritans.
the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Arab navigators perfected the ______, which used the sun to determine direction, latitude, and time on ships at sea.
the astrolabe
What theory did Enlightenment thinker John Locke propose?
the belief that people were born with natural rights
What event triggered the crisis that led to the Glorious Revolution?
the birth of King James II's son
What theory did Enlightenment thinker Jean-Jacques Rousseau propose?
the concept that government is formed by the consent of the governed
What event triggered King Philip's War?
the execution of three Wampanoag men for murder
The suppression of Bacon's Rebellion encouraged
the importation of enslaved Africans
King Charles II's charter to the Royal African Company resulted in which of the following
the rise in the use of enslaved labor in the Southern Colonies
For what purpose did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?
to be a haven for debtors
What was the purpose of Maryland's founder in establishing the colony?
to offer English Catholics a refuge from persecution
Which civilization arose in the Yucatán Peninsula and expanded into what is now Central America and Mexico?
The maya
Why did Maya culture lack unification?
Their city-states were individually controlled.
How did William and Mary grant rights to their English subjects?
They accepted the English Bill of Rights