US History Chapter. 1

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In the 1300s, Europe was looking for a new trade route to Asia because the old routes were controlled by

Arab and Italian merchants

Where do many scientists believe the first people in North America came from?

Asia

Aztec created their empire by

Conquering neighboring peoples

_______ allowed the Hohokam to thrive in the desert.

Irrigation Systems

How did the Renaissance lead to advances in sea exploration?

It spurred a time of scientific innovation that resulted in new navigational technology.

What distinguished the early French colonists from Spanish colonists?

Many French colonists lived among the Native Americans.

What did the Navigation Acts establish?

Many colonial products could only be sold to England or other English colonies.

The collapse of the Roman Empire led to a period of fragmented political systems in Western Europe, called

Middle Ages

When Hernán Cortés invaded Aztec capital, he took ________ hostage.

Montezuma

What colony did William Penn found?

Pennsylvania

Which explorer founded the city of Quebec?

Samuel de Champlain

What was the capital of the Aztec Empire?

Tenochtitlán

The first people to establish a civilization in Mesoamerica are believed to have been

The Olmec

_______ made the rise of the first Mesoamerican civilizations possible.

The agricultural revolution

What was the driving force behind European exploration during the 1300s and 1400s?

a desire for increased wealth through trade

Mercantilists believed that to become wealthy and powerful, a country had to

acquire gold and silver

In the 1640, Massachusetts Bay required all towns with at least 50 families to establish

an elementary school

Why did James II create the Dominion of New England?

because New England merchants were ignoring the Navigation Acts

The triangle trade involved the trade

between the Caribbean, British North American colonies, and England.

During Bacon's Rebellion, the rebels

burned Jamestown to the ground

What was the primary economy of the Middle Colonies?

cash-crop farming

What was the most profitable industry in New England?

fishing and shipping

Indigo was a valuable crop used

for making blue dye

The Virginia Company tried to entice settlers to come to Jamestown by offering which of the following?

free land

Subsistence farming in the South was a practice in which farmers

grew only enough to feed their families.

One important way that the Great Awakening affected American society was that

it led individuals to question traditional authority

What industry took advantage of New Hampshire's many waterfalls?

lumber

In 1620, a group of Puritan Separatists, who later became known as _______, sailed to America.

pilgrams

What did the Spanish call the large, multistory buildings that the Anasazi constructed as homes?

pueblos

One hallmark of the Enlightenment was an attachment to reason and logic called

rationalism

What spurred English settlers to begin colonizing North America in the 1500s?

religious and economic upheaval

What was the first English colony in America?

roanoke

Spanish and Portuguese acquisition of _______ eventually resulted in the purchase of enslaved West Africans in the 1400s.

sugarcane plantations

The Treaty of Tordesillas established which of the following?

that Spain would control everything west of a line of demarcation; Portugal would control everything to the east

On what principle was the colony of Rhode Island founded?

that all people should have the freedom to practice their own religion

a resurgence in religious fervor that took place in the colonies is known as

the Great Awakening.

The alliance that brought peace to the five nations of western New York in the 1500s was called

the Iroquois Confederation.

In 1630, John Winthrop and a group of Puritans set out to establish _______, which was to be a haven for Puritans.

the Massachusetts Bay Colony

Arab navigators perfected the ______, which used the sun to determine direction, latitude, and time on ships at sea.

the astrolabe

What theory did Enlightenment thinker John Locke propose?

the belief that people were born with natural rights

What event triggered the crisis that led to the Glorious Revolution?

the birth of King James II's son

What theory did Enlightenment thinker Jean-Jacques Rousseau propose?

the concept that government is formed by the consent of the governed

What event triggered King Philip's War?

the execution of three Wampanoag men for murder

The suppression of Bacon's Rebellion encouraged

the importation of enslaved Africans

King Charles II's charter to the Royal African Company resulted in which of the following

the rise in the use of enslaved labor in the Southern Colonies

For what purpose did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?

to be a haven for debtors

What was the purpose of Maryland's founder in establishing the colony?

to offer English Catholics a refuge from persecution

Which civilization arose in the Yucatán Peninsula and expanded into what is now Central America and Mexico?

The maya

Why did Maya culture lack unification?

Their city-states were individually controlled.

How did William and Mary grant rights to their English subjects?

They accepted the English Bill of Rights


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