US History Chapter 28

Dr. Benjamin Spock's view on motherhood

1. Spock's book Baby and Child Care was published in 1946, its simple core message was revolutionary: "Don't be afraid to trust your own common sense." Between that and his insistence that parents should show love and affection to their children rather than constant strict discipline, Dr 2. Spock opposed the Vietnam War and in 1964 endorsed Lyndon B. Johnson's candidacy on the basis of assurances that if he became president, he would not escalate the conflict. When President Johnson reneged after taking office, Spock intensified his antiwar activities.

AFL-CIO

1955 two larger labor unions united. American Federation Labor- Congress of Industerial Organization.

road novel On the Road novel

A novel (duh) set on or almost exclusively on the open road. It usually explores themes of freedom, society, and the individual, and it's usually considered a classic American genre.

Penicillin, polio, tuberculosis etc.

Antibiotic treatment for Tuberculosis and polio induces a profound dysbiosis of the microbiome that persists long after therapy is completed.

The Lonely Crowd, David Riesman

Book written by David Riesman that criticized the people of the 50s who no longer made decisions based on morals, ethics and values; they were allowing society to tell them what was right and wrong.

Part of the US with the most economic growth

California.

First American into space

Commander Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. From Cape Canaveral, Florida, Navy Commander Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. is launched into space aboard the Freedom 7 space capsule, becoming the first American astronaut to travel into space

Rise and fall of McCarthy

Despite McCarthy's acquittal of misconduct in the Schine matter, the Army-McCarthy hearings ultimately became the main catalyst in McCarthy's downfall from political power. ... After his censuring, Senator McCarthy continued his anti-Communist oratory, often speaking to an empty or near-empty Senate chamber.

First country involved in Vietnam post WWII

History of Vietnam since 1945. After World War II and the collapse of Vietnam's monarchy, France attempted to re-establish its colonial rule but was ultimately defeated in the First Indo-China War

Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)

In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.

Resistance of the Civil Rights movement

In a nation where few institutions supported the fight for equality, Americans who courageously registered to vote or took a stand against unjust laws faced great risk with little protection. Many Americans understate the violent resistance to civil rights by institutions, officials and supporters of segregation.

Economy between 1945-1975

In the US, Gross Domestic Product increased from $228 billion in 1945 to just under $1.7 trillion in 1975. By 1975, the US economy represented some 35% of the entire world industrial output, and the US economy was over 3 times larger than that of Japan, the next largest economy.

The other America novel

Late one spring night in California, Driss Guerraoui—father, husband, business owner, Moroccan immigrant—is hit and killed by a speeding car.

Mexican American population (largest concentration cities)

Los Angeles, New York, Miami, and Houston.

Juvenile crime in the 1950's

The children born during the early years of the postwar "baby boom" were becoming teenagers by the late 1950's. ... According to a lengthy report on juvenile delinquency in the 1955 Saturday Evening Post, crime committed by teenagers increased by a drastic 45% between 1950 and 1955.

American environmental preservation movement

The modern environmental movement, which became a powerful force in the 1960's, built on the earlier efforts to conserve natural resources, preserve wilderness, and control pollution. But the environmental movement also was a response to profound changes in American life after World War II.

Birth rates in the US from 1045-1960

The post-WWII baby boom affected American society between 1945-1960 by increasing the need for educational resources. ... After WWII, the U.S. and Soviet Union were no longer allies because each nation believed that the other was a threat to its national security.

Rocket and missile technology during the 1950's

The technology of the 1950's produced a cruise missile that looked like an aircraft, but which performed less well. Cruise missiles could fly as high and as fast as bombers, and far enough, but they lagged in a number of other areas. ... In contrast, bombs and bombers were proven, reliable weapons.

Public awareness of computers and their usefulness

There was a time when there was minimal role of technology in public health ... description and use of computers in each of the above mentioned applications is ... tele consultation, tele follow ups, expert's opinion, public awareness programs.

Central High School, Little Rock, Arkansas

This was the first high school to be integrated. 9 African Americans started going to the all white high school. The military was there to protect them.

Martin Luther King Jr. (leader)

U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964)

Eisenhower's economic agenda

Under the policy, known as the Eisenhower Doctrine, any Middle Eastern country could request American economic assistance or aid from U.S. military forces if it was being threatened by armed aggression.

Elvis

United States rock singer whose many hit records and flamboyant style greatly influenced American popular music (1935-1977)

Dulles's policy of Massive Retaliation

Voice: In 1954, shortly after the publication of Air Force Maunual 1-2, President Eisenhower adopted a foreign policy of "massive retaliation." This policy sought to counter the growing Soviet threat. It viewed nuclear weapons as a means of deterring war and as a first recourse should deterrence fail.

Employment rates during the 1950's

Went from 4.2% to 6.2% but then dropped to 5.2% by the end of the decade.

CIA programs to control foreign governments

When the CIA was created, its purpose was to create a clearinghouse for foreign policy intelligence and analysis. Today its primary purpose is to collect, analyze, evaluate, and disseminate foreign intelligence, and to perform covert actions.

The Organization Man

Written by William Whyte; attacked the way businesses wanted every employee to be just like the others to keep any individual from dominating or being a threat

Apollo Program

a program of space flights undertaken by US to land a man on the moon

Polaris

the current star to which the North Celestial Pole of Earth points; also called the "North Star".

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

unanimously held that the racial segregation of children in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Brown claimed that Topeka's racial segregation violated the Constitution's Equal Protection Clause because the city's black and white schools were not equal to each other and never could be. Overruled Plessy v. Ferguson's "separate but equal" doctrine and would eventually led to the desegregation of schools across the South