U.S. History Chapter 7

Explain why american workers felt threatened by Chinese immigrants

Chinese immigrants were willing to work for lower wages so they thought they would lose their jobs

Explain why settlement houses were found and what kind of people found them

Community centers located in slum neighborhoods, provided help and friendship to immigrants and the poor. Run by middle class college educated women

Describe the journey immigrants endured and their experiences at U.S. immigration stations

Contagious diseases and heath problems. Inspectors had to make sure that they meet legal requirements. Overcrowded and busy.

Explain the Pendleton act

Created a Civil Service Commission to give government jobs based on merit not politics help reform the civil service

Identify the two main immigration stations: Ellis/Angel island

Ellis island: New York Harbor, Immigrants from Europe Angel Island: San Francisco, Immigrant from Asia

List 3 reasons why african-americans from the south moved to big cities in the north and west

Escape economic hardship and racial violence.

Name the president who was a strong supporter of civil service reform

Garfield's vice president Chester a Arthur succeeded him

Define urbanization explain why it happend

Growth of cities. Immigrants moving into the northeast and midwest

Define immigration and emigration

Immigration: People who moved into a new country Emigration: People who moved out of a country

Give and example of how political machines defrauded cities across america

Kickback workers on city construction projects would charge a higher price for their service and then kickback bribes from businesses in return for allowing illegal or unsafe activities

Define tenement and give examples of what life was like in the tenements. Describe the living conditions in the city as seen in the movie

Multi family urban houses that's were often overcrowded and unsanitary

Describe immigration restrictions

Must be in good heath, pass all legal inspections, go threw a variety of test and procedures

Differentiate between "New immigrants" and "Old immigrants"

New: From eastern and southern Europe, most were catholic, after 1880 Italy, Greece, Turkey Old: From western and northern Europe, protestant, before 1880 Ireland, Sweden, GB

Identify the person who became the head of Tammany Hall

One of the most powerful political bosses was William Marcy tweet known as boss Tweed he became the head of Tamany Hall New York City's most powerful democratic political machine

Explain what stalwarts supported

Opposed changes in the patronage system the reformers supported changing the system

Make clear how the social gospel movement contributed to the development of settlement houses

Preached that people reached salvation by helping the poor.

Clarify a major issue promoting the assassination of president Garfield

Presidential election but turned out to have ties to the reformers shortly after being elected he was assassinated by a stall wart

List the god things that political machines provided for immigrants explain why they provided these things

Provided housing, jobs, and food

Name the president who persuaded congress to reform the civil service

Rutherford B Hayes

Identify results of rapid urbanization and attempts made to ease urban problems

Shortage of housing, bad sanitation, overcrowding

Explain the original purpose of the row house

Single family dwelling that shared side walls with other similar houses

Name the political machines in New York City in the Late 1800's

Tammany Hall political machines

Describe how settlement houses and the americanization movement had similar goals

Taught immigrants new things and allowed them to be citizens and have the right to vote.

Describe a political machine. Describe how they were corrupt

The boss controlled city government as well as jobs in police and fire they also controlled city agencies that granted licenses to businesses by controlling the cities and solving problems for voters they one loyalty and influence

Illustrate and identify why political machines were so successful

They could speak to the immigrants in their own language helping them find jobs and housing and return the immigrants pledge their votes

Define patronage and explain its main purpose. Site examples of patronage from the movie

This is the giving of government jobs to people of the same party who would help the candidate get elected many unqualified and corrupt workers were hired

Define the gentleman's agreement and identify its goal

To limit emigration to the U.S.

Identify Jane Addams

Well known social reformer of this time. Established hull house. Helped poor people of chicago

Define Chinese exclusion act and identify its goal

banned all but few Chinese immigrants.

Explain 3 reasons why people left their homeland to move to the U.S. between 1870-1920. Site 2 specific examples given during class

escape religious persecutions, get a job, say in the governments, improve economic situation

Define Graft

illegal use of political influence for personal gain

Define "Melting Pot" Site and example from the movie that shows american as a "melting pot"

many different cultures and races had blended in the U.S.

Define nativism. Site and example from the movie that expressed nativism

preference for native-born americans. Arrival of so many immigrants led to growth. A rise in immigration restrictions.