U.S History Exam

King George III

"Anyone who does not agree with me is both a traitor and a scoundrel."

William Prescott/Samuel Dawes

"Don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes"

Queen Elizabeth I

"I may not be a lion, but I am a lion's cub, and I have a lion's heart."

What was her famous quote?

"I may not be a lion, but I am a lions cub and I have a Lions heart"

William Pitt on the French

"I would have been content to bring France to her knees, now I will not rest until I have laid her on her back."

Giles Cory

"More weight!"

King George III

"The die is now cast, the colonists must either submit or triumph."

Thomas Paine - Common Sense

"These are the times that try men's souls.....Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered."

A French official at the end of the war

"They stand no longer in need of her protection. She will call on them to contribute towards supporting the burdens they have helped bring on to her, and they will answer by striking off all dependence."

Unknown Historian

"To say that America, with some French aid, defeated England is like saying 'Daddy and I killed the bear."

An American soldier giving reason why he fought

"We have always governed ourselves."

Thomas Jefferson

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal"

John Adams, quoting the Marquess di Beccaria

1. "If I can be but the instrument of preserving one life, his blessing or tears of transport shall be sufficient consolation to me, for the contempt of all mankind"

List the governments of the American Colonies in chronological order (2nd Continental Congress to the U.S. Constitution).

2nd Continental Congress, Confederation Congress, Articles of Confederation, and the U.S Constitution.

What is the electoral college? How does it filter the power of the people?

A group of people, chosen by the voters in each state, who meet and elect the President and Vice President.

Who was at the Constitutional Convention? Who famously wasn't?

All of the States attended accept for Georgia and Rhode Island.

Talk of slavery's history? How many of us would have been slaves?

All of us have slavery in our family.

How was the French and Indian War part of a longer conflict (Think of all the prior wars)?

American Independence War

What animal's pelt helped to cause the war? (What region populated by these animals was a major reason why the French and Indian War was fought?)

Beaver and the war was mostly fought on land where beavers lived.

What was the Albany Plan? Who originally thought of it?

Benjamin Franklin wrote it. It was a plan in which all of the Indians and colonists worked together.

How did the French and Indian War help the colonists?

Developed leaders, saw other parts of their country, and made them think that French isn't as good as they thought they were.

Who were some of the other European countries (besides England, France and Spain) who were involved with colonizing America?

Dutch

What is the difference between being English and being British?

England is the county that made the British Empire and conquered the Whales and Ireland and if your British your a mix of something.

How did the results of the war hurt the relationship between England and its American colonists?

England started taxing America

While Spain came for gold and France set up trading companies, why did England want to start colonies (both economically and other)? Why did their people want to leave England?

England wanted to start colonies but then they started making money off of the cash crops and people left England for religious freedom.

What was Salutary Neglect? Why did this end?

England was fighting the French and Indian War so they ignored the American Colonies and it ended because the French and Indian War ended.

How did Saratoga influence the war (who joined the fight with the Americans)?

France

Who were the 3 major foreign countries who came to America's aid in terms of national support?

France,Spain,Holand

What were the problems of the Articles of Confederation? What success did it have?

Gave all powers to the states; No central authority; Messed up economy; No central government; had to ask states for permission to tax and take money. It got us through the revolution

What were the famous three "G's" of Spanish exploration?

God glory gold

What can we admire about Giles Corey?

He refused to enter a plea and for that he was pressed to death.

Who was Metacomet (know of his story)? What was so unique about King Philip's War?

He was King Philip and his father was good to the pilgrims and then he goes to war with the Pilgrims and he loses and he gets his head cut off and it is the worst war.

How did Thomas Paine inspire Americans?

He wrote pamphlets and used his words to inspire the American's.

Who were the major conquistadors of the Spanish explorers, and what people and rulers did they conquer?

Hernan Cortez conquered the Aztecs, and Francisco Pizarro conquered the incas

How is the Constitution written and able to be changed so that it is still able to be as effective today as when it was written?

If you write an amendment then the amendment changes the constitution.

Tell of Bunker Hill and Trenton.

In the Battle of Bunker hill the British won but the y suffered heavy losses and the Battle of Trenton was when many American troops stormed Trenton and killed all of the Hessian that occupied it.

What were some of the ways the English used to finance their passage?

Indentured Servants

Why use an Irishman in place of a slave?

Irishmen cost less and if they die you didn't have to pay them

Tell of the Salem Witchcraft Trial....when it started, by whom, how it ended, and most importantly it's parallels to today.

It started in 1692. It ended because the Governor's wife was accused of being a witch so the governor banned spectral evidence.

What was the Triangular trade?

It trade that is working in a triangular manner.

Who was the first European to discover America (it was not Columbus)?

Lief Ericson

What was mercantilism? A cash crop? An apprentice?

Mercantilism was when the government is run by the mother country. A cash crop is a crop that makes a lot of money and is easy to grow. An apprentice is a person who works with another person to learn their trade.

What were the three regions of the English Colonies?

New England, Northern, Southern

The Spanish were motivated by gold in their explorations, but what were the French looking for?

Northwest passage

Talk of the Proclamation of 1763, The Sugar Act, The Tea Act, The Quartering Act, Writs of Assistance, Vice-Admiralty Courts, The Stamp Act, The Declaratory Act, etc.

Proclamation of 1763-Says you cant move over the mountains, The Sugar Act-Tax that they made to try to make money and an external act, act that gave the East India Tea company the monopoly, Quartering Act-the soldiers could quarter in any house, Writs of Assistance-instant search warrants, Vice-Admiralty Courts-if people made a jury nullification this is where they would go, Stamp Act-tax on stamps and no tax collector did his job

Under what great queen did England really start to grow as a colonial and world power?

Queen Elizabeth

Where was the first English colony? The first successful English colony?

Roanoke and the first successful one was Jamestown.

In terms of government, what were the 3 types of colonies started by the English?

Royal-ruled by a direct official of the king Proprietary-ruled by a company Charter-ruled by a family

What truly happened at the Boston Massacre? Why did John Adams defend the soldiers?

Soldiers firing in defense and he defended them because he wanted them to have a fair defense.

How did Spain and France deal with their colonists? The Indians?

Spain gave their colonist free land and they treated the Indians as slaves. France treated their colonists very well and gave their colonists freedom and treated the Indians well.

What were the two things that the 1st Continental Congress did? What were the decisions of the 2nd Continental Congress?

The 1st Continental Congress wrote a petition to England and they boycotted the British and the 2nd Continental Congress made the Declaration of Independence.

How did the 1st Continental Congress deal with the growing turmoil between England and her colonists?

The 1st continental congress wrote a petition to England.

Tell of the three branches and the system of checks and balances.

The 3 branches are Judicial, Legislative, and the Executive Branch. The executive branch checks the Judicial by electing judges and the executive branch can veto laws that the legislative branch makes. The legislative branch can reject the treaties the executive branch makes and can veto the laws they make and the legislative branch can impeach judges in the Judicial branch and they can change the Constitution.

What are the major compromises of the Constitution?

The 3/5 compromise (all slaves are counted as 3/5 of a person) the Great compromise (a compromise creating the house and senate) and the Electoral College.

What were the main points of the Treaty of Paris of 1783?

The British agreed to give the US the Mississippi River as a western boundary IF the US would sign the treaty ignoring its French allies The US also promised to pay Loyalists for the property they lost or had had destroyed. The British also had to remove all British troops from America.

How did Yorktown cause the end of the war? Who participated here?

The British could not afford to fight anymore and France, America, and Britain was involved.

How did the ratification process go?

The Congress voted on a bill and first only had 9 states say yes but they waited for all 13 to say yes.

What are the lengths of terms of office for President, Senator, Representative, Supreme Court Judge? What are some of their responsibilities?

The President is in for 4 years, the Senator for 6 years, the Representative for 2 years, and the Supreme Court is elected for life. The President makes bills and vetos bills and also meats with foreign leaders. The senator debates on bills. The representative vote on legislative bills and much more. The supreme court passes laws and they also pass bills.

What were the Intolerable Acts?

The Sons of Liberty had thrown all of the tea into the harbor so the British passed this act so that they had to pay for all the tea they wasted and the Massachusetts port was closed which meant people could not get food.

How were the Spanish and the French different in their approach to colonization?

The Spanish were very mean to the Indians and treated them as slaves and the French were nice to the Indians and even traded with them which helped them later on.

What event led to the beginning of the English overtaking the Spanish as a world power?

The defeat of the Spanish Armada.

Tell of the Bill of Rights and of how can we change the Constitution?

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added after the Constitution was ratified, in order to protect individuals from a strong central government

Who were the major American leaders of the Revolution? The major British ones? The major foreigners (such as Lafayette, Montcalm, Col. Rall and the Hessians, etc)?

The major American Leaders were John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine, and George Washington. The major foreign leaders are Lafayette, Montcalm, Col. Rall, and the Hessians.

Tell of some of the colonial occupations.

Their were coopers which made barrels. Their were blacksmiths which made pots and tools and made shoes for horses. Their were also tanners which made leather.

How did the colonists protest the English?

They boycotted and tarred and feathered and petitioned the government.

How did England make up for it naval inferiority with its private fleet?

They had privateers and sea dogs.

Tell of the British enforcements of mercantilism and discipline in the years after the French and Indian War?

They only were allowed trade with England and no other foreign countries.

How did Spain's newfound wealth come to hurt them in the long run?

They quit making stuff and just bought things so they ran out of money.

Why were the Americans upset over the taxes that they had to pay? What was the British view on this?

They said that they had paid with their blood and the British thought that they had universal representation.

How did the Americans feel about representation? What was the British response to the Americans' complaints of their lack of representation in Parliament?

They were very angry about it and always quoted "No taxation without representation." The British didn't do anything but they did say that they had representation from the congress which is universal and the British kept on taxing them.

Who were some of the leaders of colonial resistance?

Thomas Pain, Thomas Jefferson, and The Sons of Liberty.

Talk of the Declaration of Independence - Why did we need it? What does it state? Who wrote (and who did not) write it and why?

We needed it so that we could not be taxed and we could have independence. It stated that the colonies were Independent. Thomas Jefferson wrote because John Adams was not good at writing things.

What was spectral evidence?

You could say that someone's specter was attacking someone.