US WWII
Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 German attack on the USS Kearny and the sinking of the USS Reuben James in 1941 The Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941 This list of notes would be of GREATEST value to a student writing a research report titled
"Causes of American Entry into World War II."
In order to defeat the Japanese forces in the Pacific Theatre of World War II, Allied commanders employed a naval strategy known as
"Island Hopping."
Which would make the BEST title for a research project that includes this image?
"The Texas War for Independence and the Battle of the Alamo"
Neutrality Acts (1935 - 1939) Cash and Carry Policy (September 1939) Lend-Lease Act (March 1941) What would be the BEST title of the list?
"World War II: From Isolationism to Involvement"
(West of US) What are the sites located on this map?
Internment camps for Japanese during WWII
The United States became directly involved in World War II following
Pearl Harbor
The city of Oak Ridge,Tennessee contributed to the World War II effort by
being part of a research development site for the atomic bomb.
What invention helps to shift where Americans lived starting in the 1910s?
cars
What was meant by the term "Manifest Destiny"?
expansion
During World War II Japanese-Americans were
often denied their liberty and their property.
xxx
xxxxxx
By the time the United States entered World War II, it had already been providing aid to areas threatened by Axis powers. Which area on the map received the MOST aid from the U.S. prior to 1942?
4 (Europe)
What early civil rights leader proposed a "March on Washington" in 1941 to protest racial discrimination in the armed forces?
A. Philip Randolph
A. Philip Randolph was instrumental in convincing FDR to issue what changes about workers in the defense industries during the war?
A. Philip Randolph's proposed "March on Washington" in 1941 was going to protest racially discriminatory hiring practices in the defense industry, but was called off after President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued the Fair Employment Act.
Which statement is TRUE regarding American actions toward Japan in the months before Pearl Harbor?
All Japanese assets in the U.S. were frozen and an embargo was placed on oil and steel exports to Japan.
This photograph shows U.S. residents at an internment camp during World War II. Many of these people had been residents of what state?
California
Which New Deal agency planted trees to prevent another Dust Bowl?
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Which letter represents the decade in which the United States was involved in World War II?
D
"In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the world. That is no vision of a distant millennium. It is a definite basis for a kind of world attainable in our own time and generation. That kind of world is the very antithesis of the so-called new order of tyranny which the dictators seek to create with the crash of a bomb." - Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union Address to the Congress, January 6, 1941 What was a major argument against Roosevelt's "Four Freedoms" in his claim that the U.S. should review its isolationist policies?
Defending the "Four Freedoms" was not a justification of war.
WHEREAS it is the policy of the United States to encourage full participation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin, in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders; and WHEREAS there is evidence that available and needed workers have been barred from employment in industries engaged in defense production solely because of considerations of race, creed, color, or national origin, to the detriment of workers' morale and of national unity: NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes, and as a prerequisite to the successful conduct of our national defense production effort, I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations, in furtherance of said policy and of this order, to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin. --Franklin D. Roosevelt, Executive Order 8802, 1941. Although the text of this Executive Order expresses Roosevelt's disdain for discrimination, one of his later orders resulted in one of the most discriminatory policies in U.S. history. Which order contradicts FDR's statements about "race, creed, color, or national origin"?
Executive Order 9066, which relocated Japanese Americans to internment camps
What executive order and Act did FDR take to end discrimination in war industries?
Fair Employment Act
A. Philip Randolph's proposed "March on Washington" in 1941 was going to protest racially discriminatory hiring practices in the defense industry, but was called off after President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued the
Fair Employment Act.
"Sixteen hours ago an American airplane dropped one bomb on Hiroshima and destroyed its usefulness to the enemy.... We are now prepared to obliterate more rapidly and completely every productive enterprise the Japanese have above ground in any city. We shall destroy their docks, their factories, and their communications. Let there be no mistake; we shall completely destroy Japan's power to make war." President Harry Truman, August 1945 What is the main idea of Truman's statement about the use of atomic weapons?
Given the destruction caused by atomic weapons, the Japanese government should surrender immediately.
The first atomic bomb ever dropped in warfare was dropped on the city of
Hiroshima.
Which of these is the MOST accurate description of the War Production Board (1942-1945)?
It controlled much of the American economy during World War II.
Fought in February and March, 1945 · Involved roughly 110,000 U.S. and 18,000 Japanese forces · Some of the fiercest fighting in all of World War II · U.S. forces eventually took Japanese airbases on this Island All of these are describing the World War II battle of
Iwo
Fought in February and March, 1945 · Involved roughly 110,000 U.S. and 18,000 Japanese forces · Some of the fiercest fighting in all of World War II · U.S. forces eventually took Japanese airbases on this Island All of these are describing the World War II battle of
Iwo Jima.
President Franklin Roosevelt said that December 7, 1941, would "live in infamy" because on that day
Japan bombed Pearl Harbor.
Which of these is the BEST reason as to why the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941?
Japan hoped to destroy the U.S.'s will and ability to fight a war.
During World War II, which group was forced to uproot and move to American relocation centers?
Japanese Americans
"We, the undersigned recommend that Tom Matsu be given his old job back with the A.T. & S.F. RR. Co. due to the reason that we have known Mr. Matsu for a number of years and there is no question that he is a peaceful and law-abiding resident of this community. His family and all of his children, who are American citizens, are fine, healthy and educated Americans." - excerpt from 1942 letter from Belen, New Mexico, residents to Governor John E. Miles The situation here dealt with a situation during World War II that was experienced by many
Japanese Americans.
What were 2 indicators that the US was moving towards war prior to Dec. 7, 1941?
Japanese attack on the USS Panay in 1937 & German attack on the USS Kearny and the sinking of the USS Reuben James in 1941
Most of the people in the internment camps in the United States during World War II were
Japanese-Americans.
In the Spring of 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into law a bill which allowed him to sell, loan, or give war material to countries for their defense against Axis forces. This bill was known as the
Lend-Lease Act.
Which answer choice lists the events of World War II in correct chronological order?
Lend-Lease → Pearl Harbor → D-Day → the atomic bomb
It should be noted, to begin with, that all legal restrictions which curtail the civil rights of a single racial group are immediately suspect. That is not to say that all such restrictions are unconstitutional. It is to say that courts must subject them to the most rigid scrutiny. Pressing public necessity may sometimes justify the existence of such restrictions; racial antagonism never can. . . . Korematsu was not excluded from the Military Area because of hostility to him or his race. He was excluded because we are at war with the Japanese Empire, because the properly constituted military authorities feared an invasion of our West Coast and felt constrained to take proper security measures, because they decided that the military urgency of the situation demanded that all citizens of Japanese ancestry be segregated from the West Coast temporarily, and, finally, because Congress, reposing its confidence in this time of war in our military leaders -- as inevitably it must -- determined that they should have the power to do just this. There was evidence of disloyalty on the part of some, the military authorities considered that the need for action was great, and time was short. We cannot -- by availing ourselves of the calm perspective of hindsight -- now say that, at that time, these actions were unjustified. - from Korematsu v. United States (1944) On what grounds did the Supreme Court uphold the constitutionality of the limiting the rights of Japanese Americans during World War II?
National security was potentially threatened.
According to the image, what might be the opportunity cost of rationing?
Some people might not have all the goods they want.
What concept was questioned during the Nullification Crisis?
South Carolina... showed the debate of states rights vs federal rights, confrontation btw SC and the federal govt, and lead to Tariff of 1828
"...To develop unified programs and to establish policies for the maximum use of the Nation's natural and industrial resources for military and civilian needs, for the effective use of the national manpower not in the armed forces, for the maintenance and stabilization of the civilian economy, and for the adjustment of such economy to war needs and conditions" --Franklin D. Roosevelt, Executive Order 9347, 1943. Which World War II government agency was created to achieve this goal?
The Office of War Mobilization
"My parents were not citizens and father enjoyed listening to German music in our apartment in the Bronx, NY. He also subscribed to a German magazine and we were members of a German social club. All it took was a complaint from neighbors to the FBI that they thought he was a Nazi and the hunt was on. Our apartment was searched and there were a number of interviews and then hearings with the result that he was branded a dangerous enemy alien. When asked if he would fight against Germany, he replied he would fight against Japan. They replied, that is not the question." John Shmitz, 2006 Based on your knowledge of America's homefront during World War II and the author's statement about his father, what do you think MOST likely happened to the Shmitz family?
The Shmitz family was detained and sent to an internment camp because they were perceived as a potential threat to national security.
"Mr. Vice President, Mr. Speaker, members of the Senate and the House of Representatives: Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 — a date which will live in infamy — the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan." - President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 8, 1941 Which of these would have been MOST directly influenced by FDR's words?
The number of people drafted into military service soon increased.
The decision to use atomic weapons to end World War II was made by President Harry S Truman, even though he was aware of the high number of civilian casualties that Japan would suffer. What evidence offers the best support for his decision to use the weapons?
The war would end almost immediately, with the least number of American casualties possible.
The "Manhattan Project" was the code name for the
U.S. plans to make an atomic bomb.
The peak in 1945 would correlate to what international issue?
WW2
"Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom." — Franklin Delano Roosevelt, State of the Union Address, January 1941
concerns regarding the rise of fascism and military aggression in Europe and the Pacific
"Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom." — Franklin Delano Roosevelt, State of the Union Address, January 1941 This excerpt is most directly related to which of these?
concerns regarding the rise of fascism and military aggression in Europe and the Pacific
During World War II, a widely adopted means of solving labor shortage problems in U.S. industry was to
employ women.
"Loose Lips might sink ships" This World War II poster is suggesting that
freedom of speech might have its limits in times of war.
The poster is an attempt to encourage women to
get involved in the effort to win World War II.
The United States financed its efforts in World War II by
increasing tax rates and selling war bonds.
During World War II, the United States government detained over 11,000, German-Americans and isolated them in camps for the duration of the war. Which term refers to this process?
internment
The American victory at the Battle of Guadalcanal was strategically important because
it ensured that Australia would be safe from Japanese invasion.
President Truman decided to use the atomic bomb on Japan in 1945 because
it would prevent hundreds of thousands of deaths that an invasion of Japan would cause.
Military and political leaders in the United States during World War II publicly justified the use of atomic weapons on Japan because they argued that
it would save perhaps a million lives that would be lost in an amphibious assault on Japan.
The MAIN reason the attack at Pearl Harbor was so damaging is because at the time of the attack
most of the United State's navy ships were at the harbor.
EXCERPT FROM EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066 By virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, and Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War: to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with respect to which, the right of any persons to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject to whatever restriction the Secretary of War or the appropriate Military Commander may impose in his discretion. - President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1942 The purpose of this declaration by President Roosevelt was to
prevent Japanese spies from causing harm to the United States.
This cartoon would be MOST likely to have occurred
prior to the Allied invasion at Normandy, France.
In times of war or conflict, a government may spread information containing biased accounts of the enemy. This is called
propaganda.
While World War II raged outside of the United States, attempts were made in the U.S. to support the war effort by
rationing consumer goods such as food and gas.
What was a muckraker?
someone who would have been against abuses of industrial workers in the early 1900s... investigator journalist
"Save Freedom of Worship. Buy War Bonds" The Norman Rockwell painting from 1943 was meant to remind people that in order to protect religious freedom
support for the war against the Axis Powers was necessary.
"By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes, and as a prerequisite to the successful conduct of our national defense production effort, I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations, in furtherance of said policy and of this order, to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin..." — Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Executive Order 8802, June 25, 1941 People who agreed with the provisions of this Executive Order would most likely have supported which of these?
the "Double V" campaign which encouraged African Americans to participate in winning the war abroad, while simultaneously fighting for their civil rights at home
The MAIN reason the United States entered Word War II was
the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor.
The Battle of Midway was significant in World War II because it marked the end of
the Japanese eastward advance in the Pacific.
The United States involvement in the European theatre of World War II took place first in
the Mediterranean.
The United States became involved in World War II primarily because of events in
the Pacific.
"The foul attack on Pearl Harbour brought us into war and I am unable to see any valid reason why we should be so much more considerate of Japan and lenient in dealing with Japan than with Germany. I earnestly insist Japan should be dealt with as harshly as Germany and that she should not be a beneficiary of a soft peace.... Our people have not forgotten that the Japanese stuck us the first blow in this war without the slightest warning. They believe that we should continue to strike the Japanese until they are brought groveling to their knees." -- Georgia Senator Richard B. Russell in a letter to President Harry S Truman, August 7, 1945 This letter by Senator Russell is supporting what action?
the U.S. atomic bombing of Japan
"Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom." — Franklin Delano Roosevelt, State of the Union Address, January 1941 Which of these events most directly contributed to the national policy as proposed by Roosevelt in this address?
the fall of France, Belgium, and the Netherlands and the Battle of Britain
During World War II, security concerns in the United States prompted
the internment of the Japanese.
"Our national policy is this: First, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to all-inclusive national defense. Second, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to full support of all those resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression and are thereby keeping war away from our Hemisphere. By this support, we express our determination that the democratic cause shall prevail; and we strengthen the defense and the security of our own nation. Third, by an impressive expression of the public will and without regard to partisanship, we are committed to the proposition that principles of morality and considerations for our own security will never permit us to acquiesce in a peace dictated by aggressors and sponsored by appeasers. We know that enduring peace cannot be bought at the cost of other people's freedom." — Franklin Delano Roosevelt, State of the Union Address, January 1941 Which of these is the BEST example of Roosevelt's goals of providing for an "all-inclusive national defense" and supporting the "resolute peoples, everywhere, who are resisting aggression"?
the meeting of Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt at the Tehran Conference and the creation of the United Nations
What evidence supports the statement that Franklin D. Roosevelt was responsible for the GREATEST expansion of federal power in the 20th century?
the rapid expansion of government programs under the New Deal and mobilization for World War II
Executive Order 8802 June 25, 1941 Whereas it is the policy of the United States to encourage full participation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin, in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders... Now, Therefore, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the statutes, and as a prerequisite to the successful conduct of our national defense production effort, I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations, in furtherance of said policy and of this Order, to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin; What is the overall purpose of this Executive Order issued by President Franklin D. Rooesvelt?
to ban discrimination in defense industry jobs
Franklin Roosevelt's policies of "Cash and Carry" and "Lend-Lease"
were designed to supply Great Britain and other Allied nations with war materiel.
During World War II the Federal Government allocated millions of dollars for child care programs throughout the United States because
women were working in factories and needed help caring for their children.