Values, Ethics, and Legal Issues

What are the acceptable situations for breaking client confidentiality in the human services field?

continuing treatment

In addition to ethical standards that guide conduct, ethical principles serve as a broad interpretation of social work's _____.

core values

A _______ includes a set of beliefs and customs at the heart of a society

culture

subculture

culture within a culture

assistance programs for dependent children, elderly people, or blind people

one of the three vital systems in place for public assistance within the Social Security Act

social services

organized services, provided by government or private agencies, to improve the lives of disadvantaged, underprivileged, neglected, or abused people

Great Depression

collapse of state-funded public relief programs

values

the guiding principals behind the decision-making process for human beings, influencing behaviors and attitudes

help regulate the administration of services by organizations and/or agencies

one of four main purposes served by social services mandates

1.

...

2.

...

4.

...

7.

...

8.

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Vulnerable populations are often subject to absence of physical control, undue influence, manipulative tactics, and _____.

coercion

The acronym APA represents _____.

American Psychological Association

Describe what an ethical dilemma is and how or why it may differ from one organization to another. Choose two different types of organizations and include one example of an ethical dilemma for each organization.

An ethical dilemma is when a social service professional must carefully weigh his or her own values or professional ethics against the values and wishes of a client. American Psychological Association - it faces the issues of medical records and privacy between the client and service worker,National Association of Alcohol and Drug Addiction Counselors - an issue that it faces is how some of the counselors themselves are recovering alcoholics.

The acronym for the theory predicting human functioning based on competence, relatedness, and autonomy is

BPNT

an explanation that describes internal motivation by rewarding external tasks

Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET)

What are some of the effects of ethical standards within professional associations?

Ethical standards provide structure principles within associations that professionals can rely on to guide their behavior, practice, and decision-making.

Universal values are held by only one culture.

False

The theory that distinguishes between external and internal incentives and their impact on an individual's wellness and motivation is _____ Theory.

Goal Contents

The acronym for a federal social services mandate that oversees health insurance standards of coverage and protects the privacy of electronically transmitted health-care information is

HIPAA

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, the 1996 federal legislation that mandates patient confidentiality rules to health-care providers

The basis for Western culture typically includes beliefs and principles rooted in _____.

Judeo-Christian tradition

People who lack the ability to make reasonable decisions may suffer from _____.

cognitive vulnerability

The _______ is a professional organization that licenses and certifies Christian counselors

NCCA

Describe the three main reasons why documentation and record keeping are important to human services organizations.

The three main reasons why documentation and record-keeping are important to human services organizations is because it provides accountability, service improvement, and continuity of care. Documentation ensures that the client's records are kept and organized. It also reassures the professional relationship between the client. This can also improve the services and keep the staff organized.

Moral values address interpretations of what is "right" or "wrong"

True

The acronym for the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children administered through the U.S. Department of Agriculture is

WIC

mandated reporter

a mandated reporter is a professional who informs the proper authorities about abuse/neglect

Ethical standards are structured guidelines that address what is "right" and "wrong" for the purpose of influencing decision making. Ethical standards are necessary to provide social services professionals with an avenue for _____.

accountability

self-determination

an individual's free choice regarding his or her personal actions

Eastern society

asian cultures typically characterized by a strong heritage of wisdom, spirituality, service, and obligation

Values are principles that typically guide or influence an individual's decision-making process. Two areas of life most often affected or influenced by values include _____.

attitudes and behaviors

People who suffer from deferential vulnerability often fall victim to informal _____.

authority figures

breach of confidentiality

cases in which human services professionals are required by law to break the confidentiality of a client, as in threats of homicide/suicide, child abuse, and others

Human services organizations have codes of ethics in place to specify acceptable conduct for their professional service providers, as well as to identify penalties for violating ethical codes and any relevant state and/or federal laws. If a human services professional fails to comply with ethical codes and laws, he or she may face dismissal from employment, and, possibly, _____.

civil and criminal penalties

A social worker specifically trained to provide mental health counseling directly to individuals and families is a ________ social worker

clinical

All social services organizations maintain a set of ethical standards for similar reasons, which include providing structured principles to guide behavior, practice, and _____.

decision making

Practices that help provide accountability and coordination between providers include record keeping and _____.

documentation

When a human services professional engages in therapeutic and personal roles with a client, it is considered a(n) _____ relationship.

dual

Vulnerability is the condition of being weak or susceptible to the actions of others who use threats, power, or manipulation to control people. Examples of vulnerable population groups include elderly people, mentally disabled people, and _____.

educationally disadvantaged people

Progressive Era

establishment of public relief, social welfare, cash assistance, and other benefits

One primary purpose of social services mandates is to provide structure for _____ approaches and practices.

ethical

a situation forcing an individual to choose between workplace demands and client wishes

ethical dilemma

Confidentiality involves the _____ of human services professionals not to disclose client information.

ethical duty

Western society

european and North American (predominantly) cultures valuing reason and the ideals of happiness, individualism, and basic rights; frequently characterized by a capitalist market system

ethical codes of conduct

explicit rules of conduct for human services professionals devised by professional organizations, such as the National Association of Social Workers

grievances

formal complaints against an organization/agency that may have violated any of a client's rights

Diversity commonly refers to and encompasses a variety of people, places, or things with different characteristics. Diversity issues refer to problems that arise when people with different characteristics attempt to interact and coexist within a designated population and its culture. Some common diversity issues include race, ethnicity, or skin color; physical or mental disability; religious or spiritual background; and _____.

gender

Formal complaints filed against an organization or agency for alleged violations of a client's rights are called _____.

grievances

vulnerable populations

groups of people in need of social services because of personal, institutional, situational, or other circumstances that put them at risk

Culture is composed of a set of beliefs and values common to a specific group of people and is expressed through their customs and venues such as art, film, literature, and music. Culture may be considered the _____.

heart of a society

Values are guiding principles, while universal values are those most common to the majority of cultures. There are five values considered universal: peace, freedom, social progress, equal rights, and _____.

human dignity

New Deal

implementation of the Emergency Relief and Construction Act of 1932, followed by the Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) in 1933

What is informed consent and what are the exceptions to the informed consent rule? Informed consent represents the obligation of health-care and human services professionals to provide sufficient explanation about a procedure, treatment, or service so that the client fully understands it before agreeing to it. Exceptions to the informed consent rule include emergencies and _____.

incompetence

People who lack the ability to take care of themselves may be _____.

indigent

confidentiality

involves the ethical duty of human services professionals to refrain from disclosing information about clients

privilege

involves the legal rule of evidence that gives clients the right to withhold certain information they have divulged to human services professionals

statutes

laws passed by state or federal legislature

Confidentiality is the ethical duty of human services professionals to refrain from disclosing client information. Privilege grants clients the right to exclude certain information they have provided to human services professionals from law enforcement investigators or criminal prosecutors under what is known as the _____.

legal rule of evidence

Professionals who inform the proper authorities about potential cases of abuse and/or neglect are known as _____.

mandated reporters

diversity issues

matters relating to race, gender, age, disabilities, religion, sexual orientation, nationality, multiculturalism

dual relationship

multiple relationships between a human services professional and a client (such as a professional therapeutic relationship and a personal relationship between the same two people)

Application and Enforcement of Group Health Plan Requirements

one of five major sections outlined in the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Ethical standards written by social services associations generally follow a format that begins with a/an _____.

preamble

Social services mandates are authoritative commands, orders, commissions, or judicial precepts implemented for those cities and counties that accept state and federal funds for social services programs. Four primary purposes for social services mandates include providing structure for ethical approaches and practices, regulating administration of services, encouraging change within organizations when necessary, and _____.

protecting vulnerable members of population groups

preamble

provides a summary of core values of an organization, agency, or association; defines the exact mission and purpose(s) of an organization, association, or agency

Human services organizations have codes of ethics in place to specify acceptable conduct for their professional service providers, as well as to help them identify ethical dilemmas. Examples of ethical dilemmas include temptation to pursue inappropriate contact with clients or former clients; giving out confidential information without a client's formal consent; and restricting a client's _____.

rights against his or her will

People who exercise free choice in their personal actions engage in _____.

self-determination

the free choice to act, or not act, and direct one's own life

self-determination

A nursing home with 120 or more residents typically must employ a full-time _____.

social services director

A group of people related through their ties within a community is a _____.

society

indigent

someone incapable of caring for himself or herself, most often as a result of poverty, and often in danger of being physically or mentally hurt/abused

The overview of ethical codes and methods for handling ethical issues or conflicts with a code of ethics is called the _____.

statement of purpose

HIPAA

the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

assent

the agreement by children to participate in services; gives children the opportunity to decide whether they want to participate in or decline services

Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT)

the belief in human functioning based on competence, relatedness, and autonomy

society

the group of people that makes up the structure of a community (or territory) with relationships that tie the people together; the social strata that surrounds an individual

Organismic Integration Theory (OIT)

the motivation to complete tasks that are enjoyable, challenging, or significant

moral values

the principles guided by interpretations of what is "right" and "wrong"

culture

the set of beliefs, art, customs, etc., at the heart of a society

Causality Orientations Theory (COT)

the study of individual differences based on autonomous or controlled behavior

universal values

the values found in every culture

Human services professionals are held to explicit rules of conduct by professional organizations.

true

It is sometimes acceptable to break client or patient confidentiality.

true

Social services are in place as organized services provided by government or private agencies to protect and improve the lives of people who may be abused, neglected, disadvantaged, or _____.

underprivileged

informed consent

understanding the benefits and risks of receiving services before accepting them

President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed and passed the Social Security Act in 1935, which provided three vital systems for public assistance. These included assistance programs for dependent children, elderly people, and blind people who could not generate income; Social Security benefits; and _____.

unemployment insurance programs

Every profession within the field of human services has its own code of ethics to provide guidelines and to provide _____ of standards, behavior, and decision making.

uniformity

_________ ________ include peace, freedom, social progress, equal rights, and human dignity

universal values